# Ed-Dowleh
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'''Ed-Dowleh''' is a [suffix](/source/suffix) used as part of [title](/source/title)s for members of royalty who were in governing positions during the [Qajar](/source/Qajar_dynasty) [dynasty](/source/dynasty) in [Iran](/source/Iran) ([Persia](/source/Persia)). Some of the children of [Abbas Mirza](/source/Abbas_Mirza) who were governors also carried this title. It derives from the medieval Arabic title [al-Dawla](/source/al-Dawla). The suffix translates literally into "of the government" but in actual usage is meant to refer to the [shah](/source/shah) who bestows the title of -dowleh.[{{Cite web|url = http://www.qajarpages.org/qajtitles.html|title = Qajar (Kadjar) Titles and Appellations|access-date = 2 July 2015|website = Qajar (Kadjar) Dynasty Pages|last = Eskandari-Qajar|first = Manoutchehr}}] Ed-Dowleh can also be translated as "of the Empire or State."[{{Cite book|title = Persia and the Persian Question|last = Curzon|first = George N.|publisher = Longmans, Green, and Co.|year = 1892|location = London|pages = 451|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sWsTAAAAQAAJ&dq=dowleh+suffix&pg=PA451|volume = 1|access-date = 2 July 2015}}]
==Usage==
An example of usage would be the brother of [Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar](/source/Mohammad_Ali_Shah_Qajar), Salar ed-Dowleh (1881-1961). Some other examples using members of the Qajar royal family carrying the title include:
===Brothers of Mohammad Shah Qajar===
*[Bahram Mirza](/source/Bahram_Mirza) (royal title: Moez ed-Dowleh)
*[Ardeshir Mirza](/source/Ardashir_Mirza) (royal title: Rokn ed-Dowleh)
*[Farhad Mirza](/source/Farhad_Mirza) (royal title: Mo'tamed ed-Dowleh)
*[Firuz Mirza](/source/Firuz_Mirza) (royal title: Nosrat ed-Dowleh)
*[Khanlar Mirza](/source/Khanlar_Mirza) (royal title: Ehteshami ed-Dowleh)
*[Hamzeh Mirza](/source/Hamzeh_Mirza_Heshmat_od-Dowleh) (royal title: Heshmat ed-Dowleh)
*Lotfollah Mirza (royal title: Shoa' ed-Dowleh)
===Sons of Nasser al-Din Shah===
*[Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan](/source/Mass'oud_Mirza_Zell-e_Soltan) (royal title: Yamin ed-Dowleh)
*Jalal ed-Dowleh
==Decline==
The title was largely lost after [Reza Shah](/source/Reza_Shah), the creator of the [Pahlavi dynasty](/source/Pahlavi_dynasty), who had [Iran](/source/Iran)ians pick [family name](/source/family_name)s. Many families with the ed-Dowleh suffix dropped the title while keeping the first segment of their title as their surnames.