# E351 series

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Japanese electric multiple unit train type

"E351" redirects here. For the food additive *E 351*, see [Potassium malate](/source/Potassium_malate).

E351 series An E351 series EMU on a Super Azusa service in January 2010 In service December 1993 – April 2018 Manufacturers Hitachi and Nippon Sharyo Replaced 183 series Constructed 1993-1996 Entered service 23 December 1993 Scrapped 2017–2018 Number built 60 vehicles (10 sets) Number in service None Number preserved None Number scrapped 60 vehicles (10 sets) Successor E353 series Formation 4/8 cars per trainset Fleet numbers S1–S5, S21–S25 Operator JR East Depot Matsumoto Line served Chuo Main Line Specifications Car body construction Steel Car length 20,700–21,680 mm (67 ft 11 in – 71 ft 2 in) Width 2,843 mm (9 ft 3.9 in) Doors 2 per side Maximum speed 130 km/h (81 mph) Traction system Variable frequency (GTO, IGBT) Power output 3,600 kW per 12-car formation Electric system 1,500 V DC overhead Current collection PS31 single-arm pantograph Bogies DT62A (motored), TR247 (trailer) Braking systems Regenerative brake, electronically controlled pneumatic brakes, snow-resistant brake Safety systems ATS-P, ATS-Ps Track gauge 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)

The **E351 series** (E351系) was a [tilting](/source/Tilting_train) [electric multiple unit](/source/Electric_multiple_unit) (EMU) train type operated by [East Japan Railway Company](/source/East_Japan_Railway_Company) (JR East) on [Chuo Main Line](/source/Chuo_Main_Line) *[Super Azusa](/source/Azusa_(train))* [limited express](/source/Limited_express) services in Japan from 1993 to 2018. First introduced in December 1993 (initially on *Azusa* services), a total of 60 vehicles were built, formed as five eight-car main sets (numbers S1 to S5) and five four-car supplementary (numbers S21 to S25) sets.

## Concept

Built jointly by [Hitachi](/source/Hitachi) and [Nippon Sharyo](/source/Nippon_Sharyo),[1] the tilting E351 series trains were intended to replace the aging [183 series](/source/183_series) EMUs used on *[Azusa](/source/Azusa_(train))* [Limited express](/source/Limited_express) services operating between [Shinjuku](/source/Shinjuku_Station) in Tokyo and Matsumoto, and to increase speeds on the highly curved [Chūō Main Line](/source/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D_Main_Line).[2]

## Operations

At the time of withdrawal in 2018, the E351 series trains were used on the following services:

- *[Super Azusa](/source/Azusa_(train))* limited express services (3 December 1994 – 16 March 2018) – through service to the [Oito Line](/source/%C5%8Cito_Line) withdrawn 12 March 2010[3]

- *[Chūō Liner](/source/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D_Liner)* rapid services (15 March 2008 – 16 March 2018) – Commuter services on the Chuo Main Line

Other services previously operated by the series include:

- *[Azusa](/source/Azusa_(train))* limited express services (23 December 1993 – 2 December 1994)

- *[Ohayo Liner Shinjuku](/source/Sh%C5%8Dnan_Liner)* / *[Home Liner Odawara](/source/Sh%C5%8Dnan_Liner)* rapid services (16 March 1996 – 14 March 2008) – Commuter services on the [Tokaido Main Line](/source/Tokaido_Main_Line)[3]

## Formations

An eight-car set with gangwayed cab car leading in January 2007

Coupled gangwayed ends at Shinjuku Station in March 2007

The fleet consisted of five four-car sets (S21–S25) and five eight-car sets (S1–S5), formed as shown below, with car 1 (car 5) at the Shinjuku or Tokyo end.[2][3]

### 4-car sets S21–S22

Car No. 1 2 3 4 Designation Tc' M1 M2 Tc' Numbering KuHa E351-1100 MoHa E351-1000 MoHa E350-1000 KuHa E351-1200 Seating capacity 60 52 68 52 Weight (t) 36.9 39.7 39.8 38.2

- Car 4 had a retracting gangway.

- Car 2 was fitted with a PS31 single-arm pantograph.

- Cars 2 and 4 were fitted with toilets.

### 4-car sets S23–S25

Car No. 1 2 3 4 Designation Tc M1 M2 Tc' Numbering KuHa E351-0 MoHa E351-0 MoHa E350-0 KuHa E350-100 Seating capacity 60 52 68 52 Weight (t) 38.3 38.3 37.9 36.3

- Car 4 had a retracting gangway.

- Car 2 was fitted with a PS31 single-arm pantograph.

- Cars 2 and 4 were fitted with toilets.

### 8-car sets S1–S2

Car No. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Designation Tc M1 M2 T Ts M1 M2 Tc Numbering KuHa E351-1300 MoHa E351-1000 MoHa E350-1100 SaHa E351-1000 SaRo E351-1000 MoHa E351-1100 MoHa E350-1000 KuHa E351-1000 Seating capacity 60 60 64 64 50 55 68 52 Weight (t) 37.2 39.7 40.5 33.9 32.7 39.9 39.8 37.6

- Car 5 had a retracting gangway.

- Cars 6 and 10 were each fitted with a PS31 single-arm pantograph.

- Cars 6, 8, 10, and 12 were fitted with toilets.

### 8-car sets S3–S5

Car No. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Designation Tc M1 M2 T Ts M1 M2 Tc' Numbering KuHa E351-100 MoHa E351-0 MoHa E350-100 SaHa E351-0 SaRo E351-0 MoHa E351-100 MoHa E350-0 KuHa E350-0 Seating capacity 60 60 64 64 50 55 68 52 Weight (t) 38.9 38.3 38.4 32.0 32.0 38.9 37.9 35.2

- Car 5 had a retracting [gangway](/source/Corridor_connection).

- Cars 6 and 10 were each fitted with a PS31 single-arm pantograph.

- Cars 6, 8, 10, and 12 were fitted with toilets.

### Original set formations

When first delivered, the two pairs of sets were numbered and formed as shown below, with car 1 at the Shinjuku end.[4]

Car No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Numbering KuHa E351-100 MoHa E351 MoHa E350 SaHa E351 SaRo E351 MoHa E351-100 MoHa E351 KuHa E351-200 KuHa E351-300 MoHa E351 MoHa E350 KuHa E351

## Interior

Both standard class and Green (first) class seating were arranged 2+2 abreast.[2]

E351 series trains were made entirely no-smoking on 18 March 2007.[3]

		- Green car interior

		- Green car seating

		- Standard-class seating

## History

### Introduction

Two pairs of first-batch sets (S1+S21 and S2+S22) were delivered in 1993,[2] and were introduced on *Azusa* services from 23 December 1993.[5]

### *Super Azusa* introduction

From the start of the revised timetable on 3 December 1994, four return *Azusa* workings were upgraded and rebranded as *Super Azusa*, operating between Shinjuku and Matsumoto or Minami-Otari using E351 series equipment.[5]

### 2nd batch

Three pairs of second-batch sets were delivered in 1995,[2] and the first two pairs of sets (S1+S21 and S2+S22) were modified to bring them up to production specifications at JR East's Nagano Workshop and [Nippon Sharyo](/source/Nippon_Sharyo), respectively, in March 1996.[3] Modifications included replacing the original PS26C lozenge-type pantographs with PS31 single-arm pantographs, and renumbering the cars in the -1000 series.[2] From the start of the revised timetable on 16 March 1996, the number of *Super Azusa* services using E351 series equipment was increased from four return trips daily to eight return trips.[5]

### 1997 Ōtsuki Station collision

On 12 October 1997, the down *Super Azusa 13* service from Shinjuku to Matsumoto (formed of sets S3+S23) was involved in a collision with a [201 series](/source/201_series) local train that had overrun a red signal while passing through [Ōtsuki Station](/source/%C5%8Ctsuki_Station). Several cars were derailed and one car overturned. Five cars of set S3 were ultimately cut up on site, and replacement car bodies ordered from Hitachi. The rebuilt vehicles retained their original running numbers.

### Withdrawal

The replacement of the E351 series trains by new [E353 series](/source/E353_series) EMUs began on 23 December 2017, with the entire fleet phased out from regular passenger services on 16 March 2018.[6]

A special final run service was held on 7 April 2018 to commemorate the E351 series sets' retirement, after which the sets were officially withdrawn.[7]

After their withdrawal, the trains were transferred to Nagano General Rolling Stock Center for scrapping. No E351 series cars have been preserved.[8]

## Build details

The individual build details for the fleet are as shown below.[9][10]

Batch Set No. Manufacturer Date delivered Date withdrawn 1st S1 Hitachi 16 September 1993 4 April 2018[11] S2 Nippon Sharyo 30 September 1993 24 December 2017[12] 2nd S3 Hitachi 19 December 1995 8 April 2018[11] S4 9 January 1996 S5 Nippon Sharyo 16 January 1996 24 December 2017[12] 1st S21 Hitachi 16 September 1993 4 April 2018[11] S22 Nippon Sharyo 16 October 1993 24 December 2017[12] 2nd S23 19 December 1995 8 April 2018[11] S24 Hitachi 9 January 1996 S25 Nippon Sharyo 16 January 1996 24 December 2017[12]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-dj359_1-0)** Saka, Masahiro (March 2014). "JR第1世代の車両・現況と概要" [JR 1st-generation rolling stock: Current situation and overview]. *Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine* (in Japanese). Vol. 43, no. 359. Japan: Kotsu Shimbun. p. 22.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-neko2009_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-neko2009_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-neko2009_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-neko2009_2-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-neko2009_2-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-neko2009_2-5) *Jēāru zensharyō handobukku: Rail Magazine 2009* JR全車輌ハンドブック2009 [*JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2009*]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 2009. pp. 159–162. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-4-7770-0836-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-7770-0836-0).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-jrr2012_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-jrr2012_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-jrr2012_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-jrr2012_3-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-jrr2012_3-4) JR電車編成表 2012冬 [*JR EMU Formations – Winter 2012*]. Japan: Kotsu Shimbunsha. October 2011. p. 102. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-4-330-25611-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-330-25611-5).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-neko1995_4-0)** JR全車輛ハンドブック1995 [*JR Rolling Stock Handbook 1995*]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 1995. pp. 148–149.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-kousai1997_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-kousai1997_5-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-kousai1997_5-2) JR特急10年の歩み [*10 Years of JR Limited Express Trains*]. Japan: Kousai Shuppansha. May 1997. pp. 88, 103, 130. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-4-330-45697-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-330-45697-3).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-sankei20171029_6-0)** [来年３月に現行車両「Ｅ３５１系」引退 スーパーあずさ、新型に](http://www.sankei.com/photo/story/news/171029/sty1710290001-n1.html) [E351 series to be retired by next spring with new trains for "Super Azusa" services]. *Sankei Photo* (in Japanese). Japan: The Sankei Shimbun & Sankei Digital. 29 October 2017. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20171122024916/http://www.sankei.com/photo/story/news/171029/sty1710290001-n1.html) from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-finalrunpdf_7-0)** ["ありがとうE351系旅行商品及び記念入場券の発売について"](http://www.jreast.co.jp/nagano/pdf/180222-01.pdf) [Products and admission fees for the "Thank you E351 series" event] (PDF). *JR East* (in Japanese). Japan: The Sankei Shimbun & Sankei Digital. 22 February 2018. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180224052853/http://www.jreast.co.jp/nagano/pdf/180222-01.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 7 April 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-tn29012022_8-0)** ["あぁ～残念！ 博物館入りすることなく廃車に 悲運なJR東日本の車両3選"](https://trafficnews.jp/post/114765/2). *trafficnews.jp* (in Japanese). Mediavague Co., ltd. 29 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-railfan684_9-0)** Azusa, Takeshi (April 2018). E353系の足跡 [The footprints of the E351 series]. *[Japan Railfan Magazine](/source/Japan_Railfan_Magazine)* (in Japanese). Vol. 58, no. 684. Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. p. 48.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-jrr2018_winter_10-0)** *JR電車編成表 2018冬* JR電車編成表 2018冬 [*JR EMU Formations – Winter 2018*] (in Japanese). Japan: Kotsu Shimbunsha. 15 November 2017. p. 100. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-4-330-84117-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-330-84117-5).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-jrr2019_winter_11-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-jrr2019_winter_11-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-jrr2019_winter_11-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-jrr2019_winter_11-3) JR電車編成表 2019冬 [*JR EMU Formations – Winter 2019*]. Japan: Kotsu Shimbunsha. 14 November 2018. p. 356. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-4-330-93218-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-330-93218-7).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-dj407_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-dj407_12-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-dj407_12-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-dj407_12-3) JR車両のうごき [JR rolling stock changes]. *Tetsudo Daiya Joho Magazine* (in Japanese). Vol. 47, no. 407. Japan: Kotsu Shimbun. March 2018. p. 102.

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [E351 series](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:JR_East_E351).

- [JR E351 *Super Azusa*](https://web.archive.org/web/20080224002952/http://www.jreast.co.jp/train/express/e351.html) (in Japanese)

v t e Multiple-units of East Japan Railway Company Current / active Shinkansen AC EMUs E2 E3 E5 E6 E7 E8 Conventional lines (Narrow- gauge) DC EMUs Commuter E127 E129 E131 205 209 211 E231 E233 E235 Limited express 253 255 E257 E259 E261 E353 AC/DC EMUs Commuter E501 E531 Limited express E653 E655 E657 AC EMUs Commuter 701 719 E721 Limited express E751 BEMUs DC EV-E301 AC EV-E801 DMUs Diesel KiHa 40 KiHa 100/110 KiHa E120 KiHa E130 KiHa 141 Diesel-electric GV-E400 Hybrid MUs Commuter KiHa E200 HB-E210 HB-E220 Resort/deluxe trains E001 HB-E300 Non-revenue AC EMUs E926 "East-i" E956 DC EMUs 143 145 AC/DC EMUs E491 E493 DMUs Diesel KiYa E193 KiYa E195 Diesel-electric GV-E197 Future Shinkansen AC EMUs E10 Conventional lines AC EMUs E723 Fuel cell EMUs FV-E991 Retired / withdrawn Shinkansen AC EMUs 200 400 E1 E4 Conventional lines DC EMUs Commuter KuMoHa 12 KuMoHa 40 101 103 105 107 113 115 123 201 203 207 E217 301 Limited express 157 165 167 169 183 185 189 215 251 E351 AC/DC EMUs Commuter 403 415 417 453 455 457 Limited express 483 485 489 583 651 AC EMUs 715 717 DMUs KiHa 20 KiHa 30 KiHa 35 KiHa 37 KiHa 38 KiHa 45 KiHa 52 KiHa 58 KiHa 59 Non-revenue AC EMUs 925 STAR21 KuMoYa 740 KuMoYa 743 DC EMUs KuMoYa 90 193 901 E331 E993 AC/DC EMUs KuMoYa 441 443 KuYa 497 E991 DMU KiYa 191 Hybrid MU KiYa E991 DC BEMU E995 Experimental Fastech 360 E331

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