# E

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/E
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/E.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E
> Source revision: 1355398391
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Fifth letter of the Latin alphabet

Not to be confused with the [Cyrillic letter Ҽ](/source/%D2%BC).

This article is about the letter. For the number, see [e (mathematical constant)](/source/E_(mathematical_constant)). For other uses of the symbol **e** or **E**, see [E (disambiguation)](/source/E_(disambiguation)).

For [technical reasons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(technical_restrictions)), "E#" redirects here. For E sharp, see [E♯](/source/E%E2%99%AF).

E E e Usage Writing system Latin script Type Alphabetic Language of origin Latin language Sound values [e] [e̞] [ɛ] [æ] [ə] [ɪ] [i] [ɘ] [ɨ] [j] [ɐ] [ɐi] [ei] [ɛi] In Unicode U+0045, U+0065 Alphabetical position 5 History Development 𐤄 Ε ε ϵ 𐌄 E e Time period c. 700 BCE to present Descendants Ə Æ Œ € ℮ Ǝ ∈ ℯ ℇ ℰ ℥ & Sisters Е Э Є Ё Ә Һ ה ه ܗ Ɛ Ե ե Է է Ը ը ࠄ 𐎅 Ⲉ Other Associated graphs ee, e(x), e(x)(y) Writing direction Left-to-right This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

ISO basic Latin alphabet AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz v t e

**E** ([minuscule](/source/Letter_case): **e**) is the fifth [letter](/source/Letter_(alphabet)) and the second [vowel letter](/source/Vowel#Written_vowels) of the [Latin alphabet](/source/Latin_alphabet), used in the [modern English alphabet](/source/English_alphabet), the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in [English](/source/English_language) is [*e*](/source/English_alphabet#Letter_names) (pronounced [/ˈiː/](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English) [ⓘ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Flame,_not_lame-E.wav)); plural *es*, *Es*, or *E's*.[1]

It is the most commonly used letter in many languages, including [Czech](/source/Czech_language), [Danish](/source/Danish_language), [Dutch](/source/Dutch_language), [English](/source/English_language), [French](/source/French_language), [German](/source/German_language), [Hungarian](/source/Hungarian_language), [Latin](/source/Latin_language), [Latvian](/source/Latvian_language), [Norwegian](/source/Norwegian_language), [Spanish](/source/Spanish_language), and [Swedish](/source/Swedish_language).[2][3][4][5][6]

## Name

In English, the name of the letter is the "long E" sound, pronounced [/ˈiː/](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English). In most other languages, its name matches the letter's pronunciation in [open syllables](/source/Open_syllable).

Pronunciation of the name of the letter ⟨e⟩ in European languages

## History

Egyptian hieroglyph qʼ Proto-Sinaitic Proto-Canaanite hillul Phoenician He Western Greek Epsilon Etruscan E Latin E

The Latin letter 'E' differs little from its source, the [Greek](/source/Greek_alphabet) letter [epsilon](/source/Epsilon), 'Ε'. This in turn comes from the [Semitic](/source/Semitic_alphabet) letter *[hê](/source/He_(letter))*, which has been suggested to have started as a praying or calling human figure (*hillul*, 'jubilation'), and was most likely based on a similar [Egyptian hieroglyph](/source/Egyptian_hieroglyph) that indicated a different pronunciation.

In Semitic, the letter represented /h/ (and /e/ in foreign words); in [Greek](/source/Greek_language), *hê* became the letter [epsilon](/source/Epsilon), used to represent /e/. The various forms of the [Old Italic script](/source/Old_Italic_script) and the [Latin alphabet](/source/Latin_alphabet) followed this usage.

## Use in writing systems

Pronunciation of ⟨e⟩ by language Orthography Phonemes Catalan /ə/, /ɛ/, /e/ (also /i/, /a/ or silent dial.) Standard Chinese (Pinyin) /ə/ English /ɛ/, /iː/, /ə/, /ɜː/, /ɪə/ French /ə/, /ɛ/, /e/ German /ɛ/, /eː/, /e/ Italian /e/, /ɛ/ Portuguese /ɛ/, /e/, /i/, /ɨ/, /j/, /ɐ/, /ɐj/ Spanish /e/ Turkish /e/

### English

Although [Middle English](/source/Middle_English) spelling used ⟨e⟩ to represent long and short /[e](/source/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel)/, the [Great Vowel Shift](/source/Great_Vowel_Shift) changed long /eː/ (as in *me* or *bee*) to /iː/ while short /[ɛ](/source/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel)/ (as in *met* or *bed*) remained a [mid vowel](/source/Mid_vowel). In unstressed syllables, this letter is usually pronounced either as /[ɪ](/source/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel)/ or /[ə](/source/Mid_central_vowel)/. In other cases, the letter is [silent](/source/Silent_e), generally at the end of words like *queue*.

### Other languages

In the orthography of many languages, it represents either [[e](/source/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel)], [[e̞](/source/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel)], [[ɛ](/source/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel)], or some variation (such as a [nasalized](/source/Nasal_vowel) version) of these sounds, often with diacritics (as: ⟨e [ê](/source/%C3%8A) [é](/source/%C3%89) [è](/source/%C3%88) [ë](/source/%C3%8B) [ē](/source/%C4%92) [ĕ](/source/%C4%94) [ě](/source/%C4%9A) [ẽ](/source/%E1%BA%BC) [ė](/source/%C4%96) [ẹ](/source/%E1%BA%B8) [ę](/source/%C4%98) [ẻ](/source/%E1%BA%BA)⟩) to indicate contrasts. Less commonly, as in French, German, or [Saanich](/source/Saanich_dialect), ⟨e⟩ represents a [mid-central vowel](/source/Mid-central_vowel) /ə/. [Digraphs](/source/Digraph_(orthography)) with ⟨e⟩ are common to indicate either [diphthongs](/source/Diphthong) or [monophthongs](/source/Monophthong), such as ⟨ea⟩ or ⟨ee⟩ for /iː/ or /eɪ/ in English, ⟨ei⟩ for /aɪ/ in [German](/source/German_language), and ⟨eu⟩ for /ø/ in [French](/source/French_language) or /ɔɪ/ in German.

### Other systems

The [International Phonetic Alphabet](/source/International_Phonetic_Alphabet) uses ⟨e⟩ for the [close-mid front unrounded vowel](/source/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel) or the [mid front unrounded vowel](/source/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel).

### Frequency

E is the most common (or highest-[frequency](/source/Frequency_(statistics))) letter in the English language alphabet and several other [European languages](/source/Languages_of_Europe),[7] which has implications in both [cryptography](/source/Cryptography) and [data compression](/source/Data_compression). This makes it a harder letter to use when writing [lipograms](/source/Lipogram).

## Other uses

Main article: [E (disambiguation)](/source/E_(disambiguation))

A [scientific calculator](/source/Scientific_calculator) display showing the [Avogadro constant](/source/Avogadro_constant) (6.02214076×1023 reciprocal [moles](/source/Mole_(unit))) in [E notation](/source/Scientific_notation)

- In the [hexadecimal](/source/Hexadecimal) (base 16) numbering system, "E" corresponds to the number 14 in [decimal](/source/Decimal) (base 10) counting.

- "e" is also commonly used to denote [Euler's number](/source/Euler's_number).

## Related characters

### Descendants and related characters in the Latin alphabet

- E with [diacritics](/source/Diacritic): [Ĕ ĕ](/source/Breve) [Ḝ ḝ](/source/%E1%B8%9C) [Ȇ ȇ](/source/%C8%86) [Ê ê](/source/%C3%8A) [Ê̄ ê̄](/source/%C3%8A%CC%84) [Ê̌ ê̌](/source/%C3%8A%CC%8C) [Ề ề](/source/%E1%BB%80) [Ế ế](/source/%E1%BA%BE) [Ể ể](/source/%E1%BB%82) [Ễ ễ](/source/%E1%BB%84) [Ệ ệ](/source/%E1%BB%86) [Ẻ ẻ](/source/%E1%BA%BA) [Ḙ ḙ](/source/%E1%B8%98) [Ě ě](/source/Caron) [Ɇ ɇ](/source/E_with_stroke) [Ė ė](/source/%C4%96) Ė́ ė́ Ė̃ ė̃ [Ẹ ẹ](/source/Dot_(diacritic)) [Ë ë](/source/%C3%8B) [È è](/source/%C3%88) È̩ è̩ [Ȅ ȅ](/source/%C8%84) [É é](/source/%C3%89) É̩ [Ē ē](/source/Macron_(diacritic)) [Ḕ ḕ](/source/%E1%B8%94) [Ḗ ḗ](/source/%E1%B8%96) [Ẽ ẽ](/source/%E1%BA%BC) [Ḛ ḛ](/source/%E1%B8%9A) [Ę ę](/source/%C4%98) [Ę́ ę́](/source/%C4%98%CC%81) Ę̃ ę̃ [Ȩ ȩ](/source/%C8%A8) E̩ e̩ [ᶒ](/source/%E1%B6%92)[8]

- ⱸ: E with notch is used in the [Swedish Dialect Alphabet](/source/Swedish_Dialect_Alphabet)[9]

- Æ æ: [Latin *AE*](/source/%C3%86) ligature

- Œ œ: [Latin *OE*](/source/%C5%92) ligature

- The [umlaut diacritic ¨](/source/Umlaut_(diacritic)) used above a vowel letter in [German](/source/German_language) and other languages to indicate a fronted or front vowel (this sign originated as a superscript e)

- [Phonetic alphabet](/source/Phonetic_transcription#Alphabetic) symbols related to E (the [International Phonetic Alphabet](/source/International_Phonetic_Alphabet) only uses lowercase, but uppercase forms are used in some other writing systems): - Ɛ ɛ: [Latin letter epsilon](/source/%C6%90) / open e, which represents an [open-mid front unrounded vowel](/source/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel) in the IPA - ᶓ: Epsilon / open e with retroflex hook[8] - Ɜ ɜ: Latin letter reversed epsilon / open e, which represents an [open-mid central unrounded vowel](/source/Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel) in the IPA - ɝ: Latin small letter reversed epsilon / open e with hook, which represents a [rhotacized open-mid central vowel](/source/R-colored_vowel) in the IPA - [ᶔ](/source/%E1%B6%94): Reversed epsilon / open e with retroflex hook[8] - [ᶟ](/source/%E1%B6%9F): Modifier letter small reversed epsilon / open e[8] - ɞ: Latin small letter closed reversed open e, which represents an [open-mid central rounded vowel](/source/Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel) in IPA (shown as ʚ on the [1993 IPA chart](/source/History_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet#1993_revision)) - 𐞏: Modifier letter small closed reversed open e, which is a [superscript IPA](/source/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Superscript_IPA) letter[10] - Ə ə: Latin letter [schwa](/source/%C6%8F), which represents a [mid central vowel](/source/Mid_central_vowel) in the IPA - Ǝ ǝ: Latin letter [turned e](/source/%C6%8E), which is used in the writing systems of some [African languages](/source/Languages_of_Africa) - ɘ: Latin letter reversed e, which represents a [close-mid central unrounded vowel](/source/Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel) in the IPA - 𐞎: Modifier letter small reversed e, which is a [superscript IPA](/source/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Superscript_IPA) letter[10]

- The [Uralic Phonetic Alphabet](/source/Uralic_Phonetic_Alphabet) uses various forms of e and [epsilon](/source/Epsilon) / open e:[11] - U+1D07 ᴇ LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL E - U+1D08 ᴈ LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED OPEN E - U+1D31 ᴱ MODIFIER LETTER CAPITAL E - U+1D32 ᴲ MODIFIER LETTER CAPITAL REVERSED E - U+1D49 ᵉ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL E - U+1D4B ᵋ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL OPEN E - U+1D4C ᵌ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL TURNED OPEN E - U+2C7B ⱻ LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL TURNED E[12]

- e: Subscript small e is used in [Indo-European studies](/source/Indo-European_studies)[13]

- [Teuthonista](/source/Teuthonista) phonetic transcription system symbols related to E:[14] - U+AB32 ꬲ LATIN SMALL LETTER BLACKLETTER E - U+AB33 ꬳ LATIN SMALL LETTER BARRED E - U+AB34 ꬴ LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH FLOURISH

### Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets

- 𐤄: [Semitic](/source/Phoenician_alphabet) letter [He (letter)](/source/He_(letter)), from which the following symbols originally derive: - Ε ε: [Greek](/source/Greek_alphabet) letter [Epsilon](/source/Epsilon_(letter)), from which the following symbols originally derive: - Е е: [Cyrillic](/source/Cyrillic) letter [Ye](/source/Ye_(Cyrillic)) - Є є: [Ukrainian Ye](/source/Ukrainian_Ye) - Э э: Cyrillic letter [E](/source/E_(Cyrillic)) - Ⲉ ⲉ: [Coptic](/source/Coptic_alphabet) letter Ei - 𐌄: [Old Italic](/source/Old_Italic_script) E, which is the ancestor of modern Latin E - ᛖ: [Runic](/source/Runes) letter [Ehwaz](/source/Ehwaz), which is possibly a descendant of Old Italic E - 𐌴: [Gothic](/source/Gothic_alphabet) letter eyz

### Derived signs, symbols and abbreviations

- €: [Euro sign](/source/Euro_sign).

- ℮: [estimated sign](/source/Estimated_sign) (used on prepackaged goods for sale within the [European Union](/source/European_Union)).

- *e*: the symbol for the [elementary charge](/source/Elementary_charge) (the electric charge carried by a single proton).

- ∃: [existential quantifier](/source/Existential_quantifier) in [predicate logic](/source/Predicate_logic). It is read "there exists ... such that".

- ∈: the symbol for [set membership](/source/%E2%88%88) in [set theory](/source/Set_theory).

- 𝑒: the [base of the natural logarithm](/source/E_(mathematical_constant)).

## Other representations

### Computing

Character information Preview E e Ｅ ｅ Unicode name LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E LATIN SMALL LETTER E FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER E Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex Unicode 69 U+0045 101 U+0065 65317 U+FF25 65349 U+FF45 UTF-8 69 45 101 65 239 188 165 EF BC A5 239 189 133 EF BD 85 Numeric character reference E E e e Ｅ Ｅ ｅ ｅ EBCDIC family 197 C5 133 85 ASCII[a] 69 45 101 65

### Other

NATO phonetic Morse code Echo ▄ ⓘ

Signal flag Flag semaphore American manual alphabet (ASL fingerspelling) British manual alphabet (BSL fingerspelling) Braille dots-15 Unified English Braille

In [British Sign Language](/source/British_Sign_Language) (BSL), the letter 'e' is signed by extending the index finger of the right hand touching the tip of index on the left hand, with all fingers of left hand open.

## See also

- [E notation](/source/Scientific_notation#E_notation): used by scientific calculators to indicate a power of ten multiplier

- [E-number](/source/E-number) – Codes for food additivesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** "E". *Oxford Dictionary of English* (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. 2010. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780199571123](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199571123). *noun (plural Es or E's*)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Brian_Kelk_2-0)** Kelk, Brian. ["Letter frequencies"](https://www.bckelk.org.uk/words/etaoin.html). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20080509055951/http://www.bckelk.ukfsn.org/words/etaoin.html) from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved February 2, 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Lewand, Robert. ["Relative Frequencies of Letters in General English Plain text"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080708193159/http://pages.central.edu/emp/LintonT/classes/spring01/cryptography/letterfreq.html). *Cryptographical Mathematics*. [Central College](/source/Central_College_(Iowa)). Archived from [the original](http://pages.central.edu/emp/LintonT/classes/spring01/cryptography/letterfreq.html) on July 8, 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2008.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Frequency of Occurrence of Letters in Spanish"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080511220207/http://www.santacruzpl.org/readyref/files/g-l/ltfrqsp.shtml). Santa Cruz Public Libraries. Archived from [the original](http://www.santacruzpl.org/readyref/files/g-l/ltfrqsp.shtml) on May 11, 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2008.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Frequency of Occurrence of Letters in French"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080312222737/http://www.santacruzpl.org/readyref/files/g-l/ltfrqfr.shtml). Santa Cruz Public Libraries. Archived from [the original](http://www.santacruzpl.org/readyref/files/g-l/ltfrqfr.shtml) on March 12, 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2008.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Frequency of Occurrence of Letters in German"](http://scplweb.santacruzpl.org/readyref/files/g-l/ltfrqger.shtml). Santa Cruz Public Libraries. Retrieved June 25, 2008.{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Grigas, Gintautas; Juškevičienė, Anita (March 26, 2018). ["Letter Frequency Analysis of Languages Using Latin Alphabet"](https://doi.org/10.30560%2Filr.v1n1p18). *International Linguistics Research*. **1** (1): 18. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.30560/ilr.v1n1p18](https://doi.org/10.30560%2Filr.v1n1p18). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [2576-2982](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2576-2982).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-L204132_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-L204132_8-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-L204132_8-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-L204132_8-3) Constable, Peter (April 19, 2004). ["L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS"](https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04132-n2740-phonetic.pdf) (PDF). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20171011014355/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04132-n2740-phonetic.pdf) (PDF) from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Lemonen, Therese; Ruppel, Klaas; Kolehmainen, Erkki I.; Sandström, Caroline (January 26, 2006). ["L2/06-036: Proposal to encode characters for Ordbok över Finlands svenska folkmål in the UCS"](https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06036-lma-proposal.pdf) (PDF). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170706090306/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06036-lma-proposal.pdf) (PDF) from the original on July 6, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2018.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-L220252_10-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-L220252_10-1) Miller, Kirk; Ashby, Michael (November 8, 2020). ["L2/20-252R: Unicode request for IPA modifier-letters (a), pulmonic"](https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20252r-mod-ipa-a.pdf) (PDF). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210730010133/https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20252r-mod-ipa-a.pdf) (PDF) from the original on July 30, 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** [Everson, Michael](/source/Michael_Everson); et al. (March 20, 2002). ["L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS"](https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02141-n2419-uralic-phonetic.pdf) (PDF). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180219081033/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02141-n2419-uralic-phonetic.pdf) (PDF) from the original on February 19, 2018. Retrieved March 24, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** Ruppel, Klaas; Rueter, Jack; Kolehmainen, Erkki I. (April 7, 2006). ["L2/06-215: Proposal for Encoding 3 Additional Characters of the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet"](https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06215-n3070.pdf) (PDF). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170706090340/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06215-n3070.pdf) (PDF) from the original on July 6, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** Anderson, Deborah; Everson, Michael (June 7, 2004). ["L2/04-191: Proposal to encode six Indo-Europeanist phonetic characters in the UCS"](https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04191-n2788-laryngeals.pdf) (PDF). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20171011014402/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2004/04191-n2788-laryngeals.pdf) (PDF) from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** Everson, Michael; Dicklberger, Alois; Pentzlin, Karl; Wandl-Vogt, Eveline (June 2, 2011). ["L2/11-202: Revised proposal to encode "Teuthonista" phonetic characters in the UCS"](https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11202-n4081-teuthonista.pdf) (PDF). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20171011012426/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11202-n4081-teuthonista.pdf) (PDF) from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2018.

## External links

- Media related to [E](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/E) at Wikimedia Commons

- The dictionary definition of [*E*](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/E) at Wiktionary

- The dictionary definition of [*e*](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/e) at Wiktionary

v t e Latin script History Spread Romanization Roman numerals Ligatures Alphabets (list) Classical Latin alphabet ISO basic Latin alphabet Phonetic alphabets International Phonetic Alphabet X-SAMPA Spelling alphabet Letters (list) Letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Additional Latin letters Æ æ Ɑ ɑ Ʌ ʌ Ꞵ ꞵ Ð ð Ɛ ɛ Ə ə Ǝ ə Ɣ ɣ Ƣ ƣ Ɩ ɩ Ɥ ɥ Ꟛ ꟛ Ŋ ŋ Œ œ Ɔ ɔ Ɤ ɤ Kʼ ĸ Ʀ ʀ ẞ ß Ʃ ʃ Ɯ ɯ Ʊ ʊ Ꞷ ꞷ Ʋ ʋ Ƿ ƿ Ȝ ȝ ϴ θ Ʒ ʒ Ƹ ƹ Þ þ Ȣ ȣ Ꭓ ꭓ Ɂ ʔ ɂ ꟎ ʕ ꟏ ǀ ǁ ǂ ǃ ʘ ʻ ʼ Ꞌ ꞌ Ƨ ƨ Ꜫ ꜫ Ꜭ ꜭ Ƽ ƽ Ƅ ƅ 7 Letter E with diacritics Éé Èè Ĕĕ Êê Ếế Ềề Ễễ Ểể Ê̄ê̄ Ê̌ê̌ Ěě Ëë Ẽẽ Ėė Ė́ė́ Ė̃ė̃ Ȩȩ Ḝḝ Ęę Ę́ę́ Ę̃ę̃ Ēē Ḗḗ Ḕḕ Ẻẻ Ȅȅ E̋e̋ Ȇȇ Ẹẹ Ệệ Ḙḙ Ḛḛ Ɇɇ E̩e̩ È̩è̩ É̩é̩ ᶒ ⱸ ꬴ ꬳ Ɛ ɛ Multigraphs Digraphs Ch Dz Dž Gh IJ Lj Ll Ly Nh Nj Ny Sh Sz Th Trigraphs dzs eau Tetragraphs ough Keyboard layouts (list) QWERTY QWERTZ AZERTY Dvorak Colemak BÉPO Neo Historical standards ISO/IEC 646 Western Latin character sets Current standards Unicode DIN 91379: Unicode subset for Europe Lists Precomposed Latin characters in Unicode Letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks Diacritics Palaeography

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [E](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.