# Durango volcanic field

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{{short description|Volcanic field in Durango State, Mexico}}
thumb|La Breña-El Jagüey maar complex
{{coord|24.15|N|104.45|W|display=intitle|notes=<ref name="GVP" />}}
'''Durango volcanic field''' is a [volcanic field](/source/volcanic_field) in north-central [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Durango](/source/Durango)), east of the [Sierra Madre Occidental](/source/Sierra_Madre_Occidental). The field covers a surface area of {{convert|2100|km2}}.<ref name="GVP" />

The volcanic field is located in the Tepehuano [terrane](/source/terrane). Volcanism in the area was accompanied by tectonic extension.<ref name="LuhrGomez1997" /> There are around hundred cones in the field.<ref name="GVP" /> Some volcanic rocks have been affected by [fault](/source/fault_(geology))ing; buried faults are also found.<ref name="LuhrGomez1997" /> The San Luis-Tepehuanes fault system is associated with the field.<ref name="Nieto-SamaniegoAlaniz-Álvarez2007" /> The whole field is covered by lavas, which are about {{convert|10|m}} thick and reach a total volume of {{convert|20|km3}}.<ref name="LuhrKimberly2006" /> Magma ascent has been controlled by northwest-trending faults.<ref name="Aranda-GómezLuhr2007" /> Volcanism in the wider territory was related to the subduction of the [Farallon plate](/source/Farallon_plate) until 29 [mya](/source/mya_(unit)). Later tectonic changes caused a start of more alkaline volcanism.<ref name="ArandaLuhr1992" />

The volcanoes have erupted [basanite](/source/basanite).<ref name="GVP" /> The main components of the rocks at La Breña-El Jagüey are [clinopyroxene](/source/clinopyroxene), [ilmenite](/source/ilmenite), [olivine](/source/olivine), [plagioclase](/source/plagioclase) and [titanomagnetite](/source/titanomagnetite), with rocks sporting variable textures. The participation of water in the formation process of these magmas is debatable; the rocks may have been influenced by sediments from the uppermost part of the subducting Farallon slab.<ref name="PierLuhr1992" /> These rocks are of [mafic](/source/mafic) intraplate geochemistry.<ref name="LuhrKimberly2006" /> The rocks contain mantle [xenolith](/source/xenolith)s.<ref name="LassiterLuhr2001" />

The most prominent volcanic centres of the field are the La Breña-El Jagüey [maar](/source/maar)s. They form intersected craters and the larger Brena crater has cinder cones within.<ref name="GVP" /> The diameter of the Brena maar is {{convert|1400|m}} and Jagüey {{convert|700|m}}, rising above a {{convert|2000|m}} high lava plain. Each maar is surrounded by a [tuff ring](/source/tuff_ring) {{convert|30|-|70|m}} high. Jaguey presently holds a permanent lake and the formation of both maars was probably influenced by groundwater. Jaguey maar likely formed first, with the Brena maar forming eruption generating surge fields. The formation of the maars has partly buried some neighbouring cinder cones.<ref name="ArandaLuhr1992" /> Other cones in the field may date back to [Pliocene](/source/Pliocene)-[Pleistocene](/source/Pleistocene) times given their state of degradation; one [K-Ar date](/source/potassium-argon_dating) is 0.8 mya.<ref name="Aranda-GómezLuhr2007" />

These two maars may be the most recent eruption products of the field,<ref name="GVP" /> likely of [Holocene](/source/Holocene) age given the unvegetated appearance of the lava flows.<ref name="ArandaLuhr1992" /> The field is an inhospitable terrain.<ref name="MathisHafner2014" />

== See also ==
* [List of volcanic fields](/source/List_of_volcanic_fields)

== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="ArandaLuhr1992">{{cite journal|last1=Aranda-Gómez|first1=Jose J|last2=Luhr|first2=James F|last3=Pier|first3=G|title=The La Breña - El Jagüey Maar Complex, Durango, México: I. Geological evolution|journal=Bulletin of Volcanology|date=July 1992|volume=54|issue=5|pages=393–404|doi=10.1007/BF00312321|bibcode=1992BVol...54..393A|s2cid=131294475}}</ref>
<ref name="Nieto-SamaniegoAlaniz-Álvarez2007">{{cite journal|last1=Nieto-Samaniego|first1=Ángel Francisco|last2=Alaniz-Álvarez|first2=Susana Alicia|last3=Camprubí|first3=Antoni|title=Mesa Central of México: Stratigraphy, structure, and Cenozoic tectonic evolution|volume=422|year=2007|pages=41–70|doi=10.1130/2007.2422(02)}}</ref>
<ref name="Aranda-GómezLuhr2007">{{cite journal|last1=Aranda-Gómez|first1=José Jorge|last2=Luhr|first2=James F.|last3=Housh|first3=Todd B.|last4=Valdez-Moreno|first4=Gabriel|last5=Chávez-Cabello|first5=Gabriel|title=Late Cenozoic intraplate-type volcanism in central and northern México: A review|volume=422|year=2007|pages=93–128|doi=10.1130/2007.2422(04)}}</ref>
<ref name="MathisHafner2014">{{cite journal|last1=Mathis|first1=Verity L.|last2=Hafner|first2=Mark S.|last3=Hafner|first3=David J.|title=Evolution and phylogeography of the species complex (Rodentia: Geomyidae)|journal=Journal of Mammalogy|date=22 August 2014|volume=95|issue=4|pages=754–771|doi=10.1644/13-MAMM-A-188|doi-access=free}}</ref>
<ref name="LuhrKimberly2006">{{cite journal|last1=Luhr|first1=James F.|last2=Kimberly|first2=Paul|last3=Siebert|first3=Lee|last4=Aranda-Gómez|first4=J. Jorge|last5=Housh|first5=Todd B.|last6=Kysar Mattietti|first6=Giuseppina|title=México's Quaternary volcanic rocks: Insights from the MEXPET petrological and geochemical database|volume=402|year=2006|pages=1–44|doi=10.1130/2006.2402(01)}}</ref>
<ref name="LuhrGomez1997">{{cite journal|last1=Luhr|first1=J. F.|last2=Aranda-Gomez|first2=J. J.|title=Mexican Peridotite Xenoliths and Tectonic Terranes: Correlations among Vent Location, Texture, Temperature, Pressure, and Oxygen Fugacity|journal=Journal of Petrology|date=1 August 1997|volume=38|issue=8|pages=1075–1112|doi=10.1093/petroj/38.8.1075|doi-access=free}}</ref>
<ref name="PierLuhr1992">{{cite journal|last1=Pier|first1=Jean G|last2=Luhr|first2=James F|last3=Podosek|first3=Frank A|last4=Aranda-Gómez|first4=Jose J|title=The La Breña — El Jagüey Maar Complex, Durango, Mexico: II. Petrology and geochemistry|journal=Bulletin of Volcanology|date=July 1992|volume=54|issue=5|pages=405–428|doi=10.1007/BF00312322|bibcode=1992BVol...54..405P|s2cid=140178160}}</ref>
<ref name="LassiterLuhr2001">{{cite journal|last1=Lassiter|first1=John C.|last2=Luhr|first2=James F.|title=Osmium abundance and isotope variations in mafic Mexican volcanic rocks: Evidence for crustal contamination and constraints on the geochemical behavior of osmium during partial melting and fractional crystallization|journal=Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems|date=March 2001|volume=2|issue=3|pages=n/a|doi=10.1029/2000GC000116|bibcode=2001GGG.....2.1027L|doi-access=free}}</ref>
<ref name="GVP">{{Cite GVP|vn=341022|name=Durango Volcanic Field}}</ref>
}}

Category:Volcanic fields of Mexico
Category:Holocene volcanoes
Category:Pleistocene volcanoes
Category:Volcanoes of Durango

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