# Duplex perception

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Duplex_perception
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Duplex_perception.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplex_perception
> Source revision: 1332098214
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{short description|Simultaneous perception of both a speech and nonspeech sound}}
'''Duplex perception''' refers to the [linguistic](/source/natural_language) phenomenon whereby "part of the [acoustic signal](/source/sound) is used for both a [speech](/source/Speech_communication) and a nonspeech percept."<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Vorperian | first1 = H. K. | last2 = Ochs | last3 = Grantham | first3 = D. W. | year = 1995 | title = Stimulus intensity and fundamental frequency effects on duplex perception | journal = Journal of the Acoustical Society of America | volume = 98 | issue = 2 | pages = 734–744 | doi=10.1121/1.413567| pmid = 7642812 | bibcode = 1995ASAJ...98..734V }}</ref>  A listener is presented with two simultaneous, [dichotic stimuli](/source/Dichotic_listening). One ear receives an isolated third-[formant](/source/formant) transition that sounds like a nonspeech chirp. At the same time the other ear receives a base [syllable](/source/syllable). This base syllable consists of the first two [formants](/source/formants), complete with formant transitions, and the third formant without a transition. Normally, there would be peripheral [masking](/source/Auditory_masking) in such a [binaural](/source/Sound_localization) listening task but this does not occur. Instead, the listener's percept is duplex, that is, the completed syllable is perceived and the nonspeech chirp is heard at the same time. This is interpreted as  being due to the existence of a special speech module.

The phenomenon was discovered in 1974 by Timothy C. Rand at the [Haskins Laboratories](/source/Haskins_Laboratories) associated with [Yale University](/source/Yale_University).<ref>{{Cite journal 
| last1 = Rand | first1 = T. C. 
| title = Letter: Dichotic release from masking for speech 
| journal = The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 
| volume = 55 
| issue = 3 
| pages = 678–680 
| year = 1974 
| pmid = 4819869
 | doi=10.1121/1.1914584
| bibcode = 1974ASAJ...55..678R 
}}</ref>

Duplex perception was argued as evidence for the existence of distinct systems for general [auditory perception](/source/auditory_system) and [speech perception](/source/speech_perception).<ref>{{Cite journal 
| last1 = Liberman | first1 = A. M. 
| last2 = Isenberg | first2 = D. 
| last3 = Rakerd | first3 = B. 
| title = Duplex perception of cues for stop consonants: Evidence for a phonetic mode 
| journal = Perception & Psychophysics 
| volume = 30 
| issue = 2 
| pages = 133–143 
| year = 1981 
| pmid = 7301513
 | doi=10.3758/bf03204471
| doi-access = free 
}}</ref> It is also notable that this same phenomenon can be obtained with slamming doors.<ref>{{Cite journal 
| last1 = Fowler | first1 = C. A. 
| last2 = Rosenblum | first2 = L. D. 
| title = Duplex perception: A comparison of monosyllables and slamming doors 
| journal = Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 
| volume = 16 
| issue = 4 
| pages = 742–754 
| year = 1990 
| pmid = 2148589
 | doi=10.1037/0096-1523.16.4.742
}}</ref>

==See also==
*[McGurk effect](/source/McGurk_effect)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Psychoacoustics
Category:Phonetics
Category:Cognition

{{phonetics-stub}}
{{cognitive-psych-stub}}

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Duplex perception](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplex_perception) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplex_perception?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.