# Dubricius

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{{Short description|Sub-Roman Welsh bishop and saint}}{{Use British English|date=October 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}

{{Infobox saint
| honorific_prefix = [Saint](/source/Saint) |name=Dubricius
|birth_date=465(?)
|death_date=550 
|feast_day=14 November
|venerated_in=[Eastern Orthodox Church](/source/Eastern_Orthodox_Church)<br>[Roman Catholic Church](/source/Roman_Catholic_Church)<br>[Anglican Communion](/source/Anglican_Communion)
|image=Castell Coch stained glass panel 3.JPG
|imagesize=225px
|caption=Stained glass depiction of Dubricius, designed by [William Burges](/source/William_Burges), at [Castell Coch](/source/Castell_Coch), [Cardiff](/source/Cardiff)
|birth_place=[Madley](/source/Madley), near [Hereford](/source/Hereford), [Herefordshire](/source/Herefordshire), England
|death_place=[Bardsey Island](/source/Bardsey_Island), Wales
|titles=Archbishop
|beatified_date=
|beatified_place=
|beatified_by=
|canonized_date=
|canonized_place=
|canonized_by=
|attributes=holding two [crosier](/source/crosier)s and an [archiepiscopal](/source/archbishop) cross<ref name="patrick">{{cite web | last =Rabenstein | first =Katherine | title =Dubricius | work =Saint of the Day, November 14 | date =March 1999 | url =http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/1114.shtml | access-date =2012-03-02 | archive-date =5 November 2007 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20071105092919/http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/1114.shtml | url-status =dead }}</ref>
|patronage=
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}}
'''Dubricius''' or '''Dubric''' ({{langx|cy|Dyfrig}}; [Norman-French](/source/Norman-French):&nbsp;''Devereux''; {{Circa|465}} &ndash; {{Circa|550}}) was a 6th-century [British](/source/Britons_(historical)) ecclesiastic venerated as a [saint](/source/saint). He was the evangelist of [Ergyng](/source/Ergyng) ({{langx|cy|Erging}}) (later [Archenfield](/source/Archenfield), [Herefordshire](/source/Herefordshire)) and much of [south-east Wales](/source/South_Wales).

==Biography==
Dubricius was the illegitimate son of Efrddyl, the daughter of King [Peibio Clafrog](/source/Peibio_Clafrog) of [Ergyng](/source/Ergyng). His grandfather threw his mother into the [River Wye](/source/River_Wye) when he discovered she was pregnant, but failed to drown her. Dubricius was born in [Madley](/source/Madley) in [Herefordshire](/source/Herefordshire), England. He and his mother were reconciled with Peibio when the child Dubricius touched him and cured him of his [leprosy](/source/leprosy).<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/livesofbritishsa02bariuoft#page/362/mode/2up Baring-Gould, Sabine and Fisher, John, ''The Lives of the British Saints: The Saints of Wales and Cornwall and such Irish Saints as have dedications in Britain'', Vol.2, p.363, Charles J. Clark, London, 1908]</ref>

Noted for his precocious intellect, by the time he attained manhood he was already known as a scholar throughout Britain.<ref name=Toke/> Dubricius founded a monastery at [Hentland](/source/Hentland) and then one at [Moccas](/source/Moccas).<ref name=butler>[http://www.bartleby.com/210/11/142.html Butler, Rev. Alban, ''The Lives of the Saints'', Volume XI, 1866]</ref> He became the teacher of many well-known [Welsh](/source/Wales) saints, including [Teilo](/source/Teilo) and [Samson](/source/Samson_of_Dol) and also healed the sick of various disorders through the laying on of hands.<ref>[Rees, W. J.](/source/William_Jenkins_Rees) ed., [http://www.maryjones.us/ctexts/dubricius.html  ''The Liber Landavensis''], The Welsh MSS. Society. Llandovery, W. Rees, 1840</ref> Dedications at [Porlock](/source/Porlock) and near [Luccombe](/source/Luccombe%2C_Somerset) on the [Exmoor](/source/Exmoor) coast of [Somerset](/source/Somerset) may indicate that he also travelled in that area. He later became [Bishop of Ergyng](/source/Bishop_of_Llandaff),<ref name=butler/> possibly with his seat at [Weston under Penyard](/source/Weston_under_Penyard), and probably held sway over all of [Glamorgan](/source/Glamorgan) and [Gwent](/source/Kingdom_of_Gwent), an area that was later known as the [diocese of Llandaff](/source/diocese_of_Llandaff). However, he may have merely been a bishop for the purpose of ordaining priests, not as administrative head of the church over a geographical area. Dubricius was good friends with Saints [Illtud](/source/Illtud) and [Samson](/source/Samson_of_Dol), and attended the [Synod of Llanddewi Brefi](/source/Synod_of_Brefi) in 545, where he is said to have resigned his see in favour of [Saint David](/source/Saint_David). He retired to [Bardsey Island](/source/St_Mary's_Abbey_ruins%2C_Bardsey_Island)<ref>[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/45865/45865-h/45865-h.htm The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Tourist's Guide through the Country of Caernarvon, by P. B. Williams, Transcribed from the 1821 J. Hulme edition by David Price ]</ref> where he was eventually buried before his body was transferred to [Llandaff Cathedral](/source/Llandaff_Cathedral) in 1120.

According to legend, Dubricius was made Archbishop of [Llandaff](/source/Llandaff) by [Saint Germanus of Auxerre](/source/Saint_Germanus_of_Auxerre), and later crowned [King Arthur](/source/King_Arthur). He appears as a character in [Geoffrey of Monmouth](/source/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth)'s ''[Historia Regum Britanniae](/source/Historia_Regum_Britanniae)'' and [Wace](/source/Wace)'s ''[Roman de Brut](/source/Roman_de_Brut)'', which was based on it. Much later [Alfred, Lord Tennyson](/source/Alfred%2C_Lord_Tennyson) featured the saint in his ''[Idylls of the King](/source/Idylls_of_the_King)''.

==Liturgical cult==
Churches dedicated to Saint Dubricius include the [Church of England](/source/Church_of_England) churches at [Ballingham](/source/Ballingham), [Whitchurch](/source/Whitchurch%2C_Herefordshire), [St Dubricius' Church, Hentland](/source/St_Dubricius'_Church%2C_Hentland) and Hamnish, all in [Herefordshire](/source/Herefordshire), [Porlock](/source/Porlock) in [Somerset](/source/Somerset), and the [Church in Wales](/source/Church_in_Wales) churches at [Gwenddwr](/source/Erwood) in [Breconshire](/source/Breconshire) and  at [Llanvaches](/source/Llanvaches) in [Newport](/source/Newport%2C_Wales). The Catholic Church at [Treforest](/source/Treforest) is also dedicated to Dyfrig.

In the 2004 edition of the [Roman Martyrology](/source/Roman_Martyrology), Dyfrig is listed under 14 November with the Latin name ''Dubricius''. He is stated to have died on Bardsey Island, 'on the north coast of Wales, as a bishop and abbot'.<ref>''Martyrologium Romanum'', 2004, Vatican Press (Typis Vaticanis), p. 622.</ref> In the current [Roman Catholic](/source/Roman_Catholic) liturgical calendar for Wales<ref>[http://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Calendar/National/Wales1.shtml National Calendar for Wales] Accessed 2012-02-06.</ref> he is commemorated on the traditional date of 14 November.

===Iconography===
He is usually represented holding two crosiers to signify his jurisdiction over the [sees](/source/Episcopal_see) of [Caerleon](/source/Caerleon) and Llandaff.<ref name=Toke>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05179a.htm Toke, Leslie. "St. Dubric." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 14 April 2015]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commonscat}}
*{{CathEncy|wstitle=St. Dubric}}
*[http://www.pontypriddrcdeanery.org.uk/churches/treforest/who-was-st-dyfrig.html Page about St Dyfrig at St Dyfrig's RC Parish, Pontypridd]

{{authority control}}

Category:460s births
Category:550s deaths
Category:6th-century Welsh bishops
Category:6th-century Christian saints
Category:Arthurian characters
Category:Bishops of Llandaff
Category:Burials at Llandaff Cathedral
Category:Clergy from Herefordshire
Category:Welsh Christian missionaries
Category:Welsh royalty
Category:Medieval Welsh saints
Category:Welsh hermits

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Dubricius](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubricius) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubricius?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.