# Double mini trampoline

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Gymnastics discipline

Double mini trampoline 9 Time World Double Mini Trampoline Champion Mikhail Zalomin, at the 2018 World Championships Highest governing body World Gymnastics Characteristics Team members Individuals or Teams of 3 or 4 Mixed-sex No Type Gymnastic sport Presence Country or region Worldwide Olympic No World Games 2001 – 2022

**Double mini trampoline**, sometimes referred to as **double mini** or **DMT**, is a [gymnastics](/source/Gymnastics) discipline within [trampolining](/source/Trampolining). Participants perform acrobatic skills on an apparatus smaller than a regular competition trampoline. The apparatus has both an angled section and a flat section.[1] Unlike individual trampoline, where scoring is predominantly determined by execution, time of flight and difficulty, the difficulty in DMT plays a more prominent role in the final score.

A DMT routine or pass consist of two phases. The first phase is called a "mount"; during this phase the athlete jumps onto the angled part and flips off of it onto the flat part. The first phase can also be performed by jumping, without flips or twist, onto the flat part and then commencing the first flip or twist. In this case the first phase is called a "spotter". The second phase starts on the flat part and is called a "dismount"; the athlete lands the first flipping sequences from phase one and immediately launches into a second series of flips and twists before landing on a mat.[1]

The athletes are judged on difficulty and execution.[2] Competitions may take place in teams or individually.[1]

DMT is governed by the FIG, the [International Federation of Gymnastics](/source/International_Federation_of_Gymnastics), and is included as an event within Trampoline Gymnastics. Although not an [Olympic](/source/Olympics) event yet, Elite DMT athletes compete at an international level and can compete in various events organised by the FIG as well as at the [World Games](/source/World_Games).

## History

DMT can be sourced back to 1970 when its inventors Robert F Bollinger and [George Nissen](/source/George_Nissen) combined two [mini trampolines](/source/Mini_trampoline) with a small table and mat to cover in between. Later Robert F Bollinger combined the two mini trampolines to create one 430 cm long Double Mini Trampoline and also designed the rules for competition and terms such as the mounter and spotter passes and he established its own difficulty system roughly based on the system used for diving.[3][4][5] Robert F Bollinger was part of George Nissen's trampoline act and just as Nissen can be seen as the father of [trampoline](/source/Trampoline), Robert F Bollinger can be seen as the father of Double Mini Trampoline.[6] The first record of a double mini competition comes from the Trampoline Gymnastics World Age Group Competitions in 1973 held in [London](/source/London), England.[7] Athletes competing had little experience in the new apparatus and Robert F Bollinger jumped in and provided personal training on the Friday afternoon for the athletes wishing to compete the following day.[7] Double mini was first introduced into the [Trampoline World Championships](/source/Trampoline_World_Championships), only six years after its invention, in the [1976, 9th Trampoline World Championships](/source/1976_Trampoline_World_Championships) in [Tulsa](/source/Tulsa).[3][8]

The DMT as we see it today is wider than the one Robert F Bollinger and George Nissen first created, and the change came mid 1990 when Horst Kunze, then President of the FIG Trampoline Technical Committee, asked Eurotramp Trampoline company if they could produce a DMT with a wider frame. This resulted in a wider DMT with a bed of 92 cm, which Horst Kunze states gave a real boost to the discipline. Since then this has been the international standard.[5]

## Skills

Some common skills performed at international level competitions are:[9] *A Comprehensive list of skills can be found in [FIG Code of Point Difficulty](#FIG_Code_of_Point_Difficulty).*

### Full-In Full-Out

*Also known as Double-Twisting Double Back*

*FIG Code 822*

A somersault commonly used as a dismount in which the athlete takes off traveling backwards and does a double somersault with a double twist, full twist in the first somersault and full twist in the second somersault. This skill can be performed either tucked, piked or straight.[2]

### Triple Back Somersault

*FIG Code 12---*

A somersault commonly used as a dismount in which the athlete takes off traveling backwards and does a triple somersault. This skill can be performed either tucked, piked or, uncommonly, straight.[2]

### Miller

*Also known as Full in Double-Full Out or Triple-Twisting Double back*

*FIG Code 833*

A somersault used as a dismount in which the athlete takes off traveling backwards and does a double somersault with a triple twist. This skill is named after world champion [Wayne Miller](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wayne_Miller_(gymnast)&action=edit&redlink=1) (USA).[1] This skill can be performed ether tucked, piked or straight.[2]

### Full-In Half-Out

*Also known as Full-Half, Full-In Barani-Out or Full-Barani*

*FIG Code 821*

A somersault commonly used as a mount in which the athlete takes off traveling forwards and does a double somersault with a one and a half twist, full twist in the first somersault and half twist in the second somersault. This skill can be performed ether tucked, piked or straight.[2]

### Fliffis

*Also known as Half-Out*

*FIG Code 8-1*

A somersault commonly used as a mount in which the athlete takes off traveling forwards and does a double somersault with a half twist, no twist in the first somersault and half twist in the second somersault. This skill can be performed ether tucked, piked or straight.[2]

### Triffis

*Also known as Half-out Triffis or 'Triff'*

*FIG Code 12--1*

A somersault commonly used as a mount in which the athlete takes off traveling forwards and does a triple somersault with a half twist, no twist in the first two somersaults and a half twist in the third somersault. This skill can be performed either tucked or piked.[2]

## FIG Code of Point Difficulty

The difficulty in double mini is based upon a bonus system, where the number of rotation and twists are multiplied and then the position is added.[10] The positions are tuck, pike and straight which are represented by **"O"** for Tuck, **"<"** for Pike and **"/"** for Straight[2]

The FIG numeric system works as follows, first number is the amount of 1/4-rotations second number is the amount of 1/2-twist, the twists are divided into where in the skill they occur.

*Example:* Full-In Half-Out (8 2 1) has a total of **8** 1/4-rotations corresponding to the first **8** then it has **2** 1/2-twists in the first somersault corresponding to the **2** and **1** 1/2-twists the second somersault corresponding to the **1[2]**

## FIG World Championship results

### Men's Individual

Year Location Gold Silver Bronze 1976 Tulsa Ron Merriott (USA) 26.300 Rob Bollinger (USA) 26.000 Derick Lotz (RSA) 25.200 1978 Newcastle Stuart Ransom (USA) 25.900 Brett Austine (AUS) 25.900 Don Zasadny (USA) 24.700 1980 Brig Derick Lotz (RSA) 25.200 Manfred Schwedler (FRG) 23.600 Brett Austine & Stephen Evetts (AUS) 23.300 1982 Bozeman Brett Austine (AUS) 26.800 Derick Lotz (RSA) 26.100 Manfred Schwedler (FRG) 25.800 1984 Osaka Brett Austine (AUS) 26.200 John Merritt (AUS) 25.300 Steve Elliott (USA) 25.000 1986 Paris Brett Austine (AUS) 26.400 Terry Butler (USA) 25.900 Chad Fox (USA) 25.700 1988 Birmingham Adrian Wareham (AUS) 27.500 Terry Butler (USA) 27.000 Brett Austine (AUS) 26.600 1990 Essen Adrian Wareham (AUS) 28.900 Jorge Moreira (POR) 28.000 Steffen Eislöffel (FRG) 27.600 1992[11] Auckland Jorge Pereira (POR) 28.670 Steffen Eislöffel (FRG) 28.530 Jeremy Brock (CAN) 28.400 1994 Porto Jorge Pereira (POR) 12.130 Adrian Wareham (AUS) 11.900 Luis Nunes (POR) 11.800 1996 Vancouver Chris Mitruk (CAN) 23.800 Ji Wallace (AUS) 23.800 Radostin Rachev (BUL) 23.440 1998 Sydney Rodolfo Rangel (BRA) 24.800 Joao Marques (POR) 24.130 Chris Mitruk (CAN) 23.200 1999 Sun City Chris Mitruk (CAN) 25.000 Jörg Gehrke (GER) 24.530 Rodolfo Rangel (BRA) 24.330 2001 Odense Nuno Lico (POR) 63.900 Amadeu Neves (POR) 63.700 Rodolfo Rangel (BRA) 63.600 2003 Hannover Alexey Ilichev (RUS) 64.500 Adam Menzies (CAN) 64.400 Nico Gärtner (GER) 63.900 2005 Eindhoven Radostin Rachev (BUL) 75.100 Keith Douglas (USA) 73.400 Nico Gärtner (GER) 73.100 2007 Quebec City Kirill Ivanov (RUS) 78.000 Denis Vachon (CAN) 73.600 Kalon Ludvigson (USA) 71.600 2009 St Petersburg André Lico (POR) 75.500 Tim Lunding (SWE) 69.600 André Fernandes (POR) 69.300 2010 Metz André Lico (POR) 73.400 Austin White (USA) 73.000 Evgeny Chernoivanov (RUS) 72.700 2011 Birmingham Bruno Martini (BRA) 70.200 Austin White (USA) 69.700 Evgeny Chernoivanov (RUS) 68.700 2013 Sofia Mikhail Zalomin (RUS) 77.800 Alexander Renkert (USA) 73.200 Bruno Nobre (POR) 69.200 2014 Daytona Beach Mikhail Zalomin (RUS) 78.100 Austin White (USA) 77.500 Austin Nacey (USA) 74.500 2015 Odense Austin White (USA) 79.600 Mikhail Zalomin (RUS) 78.400 Matthew Weal (USA) 74.800 2017 Sofia Mikhail Zalomin (RUS) 78.800 Austin Nacey (USA) 78.300 Aleksandr Odinsov (RUS) 76.900 2018 St Petersburg Mikhail Zalomin (RUS) 78.200 Ruben Padilla (USA) 73.500 Lucas Adorno (ARG) 72.400 2019 Tokyo Mikhail Zalomin (RUS) 77.100 Ruben Padilla (USA) 76.100 Alexander Renkert (USA) 74.100 2021 Baku Vasilii Makarskii (RUS) 77.400 Diogo Cabral (POR) 75.100 Ruben Padilla (USA) 74.900 2022 Sofia Ruben Padilla (USA) 30.200 Gavin Dodd (CAN) 29.200 Tomas Minc (USA) 29.100 2023 Birmingham Ruben Padilla (USA) 30.600 David Franco (ESP) 29.300 Tiago Sampaio Romao (POR) 23.600

Result are correct according to FIG's database as well as official records from the competition[8]

### Women's Individual

Year Location Gold Silver Bronze 1976 Tulsa Leigh Hennessy (USA) 24.800 Denise Seal (USA) 24.100 Nancy Boham (USA) 20.300 1978 Newcastle Leigh Hennessy (USA) 22.900 Norma Lehto (CAN) 21.800 Bethany Fairchild (USA) 21.400 1980 Brig Bethany Fairchild (USA) 22.100 Norma Lehto (CAN) 22.000 Charlene Geyser (RSA) 20.700 1982 Bozeman Christine Tough (CAN) 24.300 Gabriele Dreier (FRG) 24.100 Bethany Fairchild (USA) 23.700 1984 Osaka Gabriele Dreier (FRG) 23.500 Cherie Mathers (AUS) 23.300 Vicki Bullock (CAN) & Lesley Stephens (AUS) 22.600 1986 Paris Bettina Lehmann (FRG) 24.000 Marie-Andrée Richard (CAN) 23.400 Gabriele Dreier (FRG) 23.000 1988 Birmingham Elisabeth Jensen (AUS) 24.100 Lisa Newman-Morris (AUS) 23.600 Gabriele Dreier (FRG) 22.800 1990 Essen Lisa Newman-Morris (AUS) 24.600 Kylie Walker (NZL) 24.500 Elisabeth Jensen (AUS) 24.500 1992[11] Auckland Kylie Walker (NZL) 26.270 Donna White (AUS) 25.100 Robyn Forbes (AUS) 24.200 1994 Porto Kylie Walker (NZL) 11.100 Jaime Strandmark (USA) 11.030 Kimberley Sans (USA) 10.800 1996 Vancouver Jennifer Sans (USA) 21.730 Lisa Colussi (CAN) 21.480 Maria Oliveira (POR) 20.690 1998 Sydney Kylie Walker (NZL) 21.860 Jennifer Parilla (USA) 21.400 Teodora Sinilkova (BUL) 21.270 1999 Sun City Lisa Colussi-Mitruk (CAN) 22.400 Marina Mourinova (RUS) 21.470 Erin Maguire (USA) 21.270 2001 Odense Marina Mourinova (RUS) 62.200 Monica Fernandez (POR) 61.800 Katarina Prokesova (SVK) 61.100 2003 Hannover Sarah Charles (CAN) 62.200 Antonia Ivanova (BUL) 61.800 Shelly Klochan (USA) 61.600 2005 Eindhoven Silvia Saiote (POR) 65.700 Anna Ivanova (RUS) 65.000 Ana Simoes (POR) 64.700 2007 Quebec City Sarah Charles (CAN) 70.900 Julie Warnock (CAN) 69.700 Kaci Barry (USA) 68.800 2009 St Petersburg Victoria Voronina (RUS) 68.300 Galina Goncharenko (RUS) 68.000 Corissa Boychuck (CAN) 67.100 2010 Metz Corissa Boychuck (CAN) 70.500 Bianca Budler** (RSA) 70.300 Svetlana Balandian (RUS) 70.200 2011 Birmingham Svetlana Balandian (RUS) 70.200 Bianca Zoonekynd** (RSA) 69.700 Victoria Voronina (RUS) 68.700 2013 Sofia Kristle Lowell (USA) 71.100 Svetlana Balandian (RUS) 70.000 Jasmin Short (GBR) 68.600 2014 Daytona Beach Erin Jauch (USA) 71.400 Jasmin Short (GBR) 70.300 Polina Troianova (RUS) 66.000 2015 Odense Erin Jauch (USA) 71.100 Jasmin Short (GBR) 69.800 Lina Sjöberg (SWE) 67.900 2017 Sofia Bianca Zoonekynd** (RSA) 68.900 Polina Troianova (RUS) 67.800 Lina Sjöberg (SWE) 67.200 2018 St Petersburg Lina Sjöberg (SWE) 72.100 Melania Rodriguez (ESP) 70.000 Kristle Lowell (USA) 67.700 2019 Tokyo Lina Sjöberg (SWE) 69.000 Bronwyn Dibb (NZL) 68.800 Alekandra Bonartseva (RUS) 68.200 2021 Baku Lina Sjöberg (SWE) 70.900 Shelby Nobuhara (USA) 70.000 Melania Rodriguez (ESP) 69.600 2022 Sofia Bronwyn Dibb (NZL) 24.900 Tristan van Natta (USA) 24.800 Cheyanna Robinson (AUS) 24.000 2023 Birmingham Melania Rodriguez (ESP) 26.300 Aliah Raga (USA) 26.200 Grace Harder (USA) 26.100

***Bianca Budler and Bianca Zoonekynd is the same person*

Result are correct according to FIG's database as well as official records from the competition[8]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:0_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-:0_1-3) ["FIG - Discipline"](https://www.gymnastics.sport/site/pages/disciplines/ele-dmt.php). *www.gymnastics.sport*. Retrieved 15 January 2021.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:1_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:1_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:1_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-:1_2-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-:1_2-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-:1_2-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-:1_2-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-:1_2-7) [***i***](#cite_ref-:1_2-8) Trampoline Codes of points (COP). ["APPENDIX to the CODES of POINTS (COP)"](https://www.gymnastics.sport/publicdir/rules/files/en_Appendix%20to%20the%20Code%20of%20Points.pdf) (PDF). *Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique*.[*[dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:4_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:4_3-1) ["History of trampoline and tumbling"](https://usagym.org/pages/post.html?PostID=852&prog=h). *usagym.org*. USA Gymnastics. Retrieved 20 January 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["What is a double mini trampoline"](https://flippingouttnt.wordpress.com/2011/11/12/what-is-a-double-mini-trampoline/). *flippingouttnt*. Flipping out T&T. 12 November 2011. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210128063605/https://flippingouttnt.wordpress.com/2011/11/12/what-is-a-double-mini-trampoline/) from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2021.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:2_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:2_5-1) ["Ever higher: Innovations elevated three Trampoline disciplines to the next level"](https://www.gymnastics.sport/site/news/displaynews.php?idNews=3067&fbclid=IwAR15-nKBQckV0YBHQoLppMTMMGc_S4SDqckQ2kmrJ7NIw105hKngMCRGELw). *gymnastic.sport*. FIG. Retrieved 16 February 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Biography: BOLLINGER, Robert F. (1929-2007)"](https://usghof.org/files/bio/r_bollinger/r_bollinger.html). *Gymnastic hall of fame*. Gymnastics Hall of Fame. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20081120140217/http://www.usghof.org/files/bio/r_bollinger/r_bollinger.html) from the original on 20 November 2008. Retrieved 20 January 2021.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:5_7-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:5_7-1) Munn, Dagmar (10 September 2015). ["1973 - 1st World Age Group Games, London"](http://trampolinehistory.blogspot.com/2015/09/1973-1st-world-age-group-games.html). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170528064526/http://trampolinehistory.blogspot.com:80/2015/09/1973-1st-world-age-group-games.html) from the original on 28 May 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2021.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:3_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:3_8-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:3_8-2) ["Trampoline Gymnastics Past Results"](https://live.fig-gymnastics.com/result/res-tra.php#). *fig-gymnastic*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170830011029/https://live.fig-gymnastics.com/result/res-tra.php) from the original on 30 August 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** FIG (9 July 2017). ["All about Double Mini-trampoline - We are Gymnastics!"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tMweEglMP4). *YouTube*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20171230102417/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tMweEglMP4) from the original on 30 December 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Double mini trampoline difficulty"](http://www.doublemini.net/doublemini/scoring/difficulty/). *doublemini.net*. Retrieved 19 January 2021.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Museo_del_Trampolín_11-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Museo_del_Trampolín_11-1) ["992 OFFICIAL VIDEO WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP TRAMPOLINE AUCKLAND"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?fbclid=IwAR1EO118iRcLGFi6oxROXF-aonMiSbm4dTgrHVFP3t2Ai_CNlK5S3V-COvs&v=DxZSeLx3a80&feature=youtu.be). *YouTube*. Museo del Trampolín. 7 November 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2021.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Double mini trampoline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_mini_trampoline) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_mini_trampoline?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.