# Dosing

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{{Short description|General term for feeding small quantities of chemicals or medicines}}
{{Refimprove|date=December 2016}}

'''Dosing''' generally applies to feeding [chemical](/source/chemical)s or [medicine](/source/medicine)s when used in small quantities.

For medicines the term ''[dose](/source/dose_(biochemistry))'' is generally used. In the case of inanimate objects the word ''dosing'' is typical. The term ''dose titration'', referring to stepwise [adjustment](/source/drug_titration) of doses until a desired level of effect is reached, is common in [medicine](/source/medicine).

==Engineering==
The word ''dosing'' is very commonly used by [engineer](/source/engineer)s in thermal [power stations](/source/power_stations), in water treatment, in any industry where [steam](/source/steam) is being generated, and in [building services](/source/building_services) for heating and cooling water treatment. Dosing procedures are also in vogue in [textile](/source/textile) and similar industries where chemical treatment is involved.

Commercial [swimming pool](/source/Swimming_pool_sanitation)s also require chemical dosing in order to control [pH](/source/pH) balance, [chlorine](/source/chlorine) level, and other such water quality criteria. A modern swimming pool plant will have bulk storage of chemicals held in separate '''dosing tanks''' and will have automated controls and '''dosing pumps''', also called ''metering pumps'', to top up the various chemicals as required to control the water quality.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How to Set up a Dosing Pump? |url=https://antiteck.com/how-to-set-up-a-dosing-pump/ |access-date=2025-06-11 |website= |language=en-US}}</ref>

In a power station treatment chemicals are injected, or fed, to a [boiler](/source/boiler) system and also to make up water under [pressure](/source/pressure), but in small dosages or rates of [injection](/source/Injection_(medicine)). The feeding at all places is done by means of small-capacity dosing [pump](/source/pump)s specially designed for the duty demanded.

In building services the water quality of various pumped-fluid systems, including for heating, cooling, and condensate water, will be regularly checked and topped up with chemicals manually as required. Most commonly, [inhibitor](/source/Corrosion_inhibitor)s will be added to protect the pipework and components against corrosion, or a [biocide](/source/biocide) will be added to stop the growth of bacteria in lower-temperature systems. The required chemicals will be added to the fluid system by use of a '''dosing pot'''; a multi-valved chamber in which the chemical can be added, and then introduced to the fluid system in a controlled manner.

In food industries, the dosing of ingredients is particularly important in order to ensure food safety and quality. Dosing is done in wet processes with dosing pumps but, even more importantly, in dry processes, just prior to the packaging of the product. Dosing of dry materials is commonly done through ''gain-in-weight'' or ''loss-in-weight'' dosing using equipment on load cells.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Source on dosing principles for dry ingredients |url=https://www.powderprocess.net/Dosing.html |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=www.powderprocess.net}}</ref>

==Agriculture==
[See pesticide application](/source/Pesticide_application)

The feeding of chemicals in [agriculture](/source/agriculture) has also become common due to technology developments. However [agricultural dosing](/source/Pesticide_application) is done by means of hand-held spray pumps.

===Aerial spraying===
Sometimes aerial spraying of fixed quantities of substances at certain intervals, or dosing, is also adopted for agricultural spraying and for atmospheric spraying for eliminating certain types of harmful [insect](/source/insect)s.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Engineering concepts
Category:Agricultural terminology
Category:Pharmacodynamics

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Dosing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosing) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosing?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.