# Dore Hoyer > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Dore_Hoyer > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Dore_Hoyer.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dore_Hoyer > Source revision: 1337853600 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|German expressionist dancer and choreographer}} {{Infobox dancer |bgcolour = |name = Dore Hoyer |image = Hoyer, Dore.jpg |imagesize = |caption = |birth_name = |birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1911|12|12}} |birth_place = [Dresden](/source/Dresden), German Empire |death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1967|12|31|1911|12|12}} |death_place = [Berlin](/source/Berlin), West Germany | occupation = Dancer, choreographer }} '''Dore Hoyer''' (12 December 1911 – 31 December 1967) was a German [expressionist dance](/source/expressionist_dance)r and [choreographer](/source/choreographer). She is credited as "one of the most important solo dancers of the [Ausdruckstanz](/source/Ausdruckstanz) tradition." Inspired by [Mary Wigman](/source/Mary_Wigman), she developed her own solo programmes and toured widely before and after the [Second World War](/source/Second_World_War). Wigman called Hoyer "Europe's last great modern dancer."{{cite book|last=Bell-Kanner|first=Karen|title=The Life and Times of Ellen Von Frankenberg|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P6OOR0lplq0C&pg=PA118|date=1 January 1991|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-3-7186-5110-8|page=118}} == Biography == 240px|thumb|right|Sculpture in tribute to Dore Hoyer, by Gerlinde Beck Dore Hoyer was born in [Dresden](/source/Dresden) to a working-class family on 12 December 1911. As a young girl, she learned rhythmics and gymnastics. She trained in the style of [Hellerau-Laxenburg](/source/Hellerau-Laxenburg) in 1927–1928, before studying expressionist dance or ''Ausdruckstanz'' for a year with [Gret Palucca](/source/Gret_Palucca) in 1929–1930. In 1931, she was engaged as a soloist in [Plauen](/source/Plauen), and in 1933 she became a ballet mistress in [Oldenburg](/source/Oldenburg_(city)). In 1932 Hoyer met and fell in love with an 18-year-old musician, Peter Cieslak. Cieslak composed a number of solo dance pieces which Hoyer choreographed and performed. He died on 5 April 1935, possibly a suicide. In 1935–36, with the dance group led by [Mary Wigman](/source/Mary_Wigman), Hoyer toured Germany, the [Netherlands](/source/Netherlands), [Denmark](/source/Denmark) and [Sweden](/source/Sweden). She and other dancers were photographed by artist [Edmund Kesting](/source/Edmund_Kesting). In 1937 Hoyer was portrayed by the Dresden expressionist painter [Hans Grundig](/source/Hans_Grundig) on a desolate country road at twilight, utterly alone in the gathering darkness.{{cite book|last=Toepfer|first=Karl|title=Empire of ecstasy : nudity and movement in Germany body culture, 1910–1935|year=1998|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=0-520-20663-0|url=https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft167nb0sp}} In 1940–1941 Hoyer joined Hans Niedecken Gebhard's short-lived ''Deutsche Tanzbühne'' in [Berlin](/source/Berlin). During [World War II](/source/World_War_II), she performed in various locations including Graz in 1943.{{cite dictionary|url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz33995.html|author=Alexander Rudin|title=Hoyer, Dore|dictionary=Neue Deutsche Biographie|page=667|accessdate=19 February 2014 |language=German}} After the war, she took over what had been the ''Mary Wigman-Schule'' in Dresden as the renamed ''D.-Hoyer-Studio''. This school had been lost by Mary Wigman for political reasons.{{cite book|last=Newhall|first=Mary Anne Santos|title=Mary Wigman|year=2009|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=978-0-415-37527-6|url=https://archive.org/details/marywigman0000newh|url-access=registration}} Under Hoyer's direction, the school created ''Dances for Käthe Kollwitz''. The elderly German artist [Käthe Kollwitz](/source/K%C3%A4the_Kollwitz) was a kindred spirit as she shared Hoyer's dislike for violence and elitism while experiencing empathy with the underprivileged.{{cite book|last=Partsch-Bergsohn|first=Isa|title=Modern dance in Germany and the United States : crosscurrents and influences|year=1994|publisher=Harwood Acad. Publ.|location=Chur|isbn=3-7186-5557-8|page=122|url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3718655578}} By 1948 the D.-Hoyer-Studio closed, as German currency reform made it difficult for groups without state funding to survive. In 1949, Hoyer became director of [ballet](/source/ballet) at the [Hamburg State Opera](/source/Hamburg_State_Opera) where she was given complete artistic freedom. She left in 1951 after her ambitious plans failed to succeed. She went on to pursue her own career as a soloist and choreographer. Hoyer spent seasons in [Mannheim](/source/Mannheim) (1952), [Ulm](/source/Ulm) (1954), [Athens](/source/Athens) (1956), Berlin (1957), [Salzburg](/source/Salzburg) (1963) and [Frankfurt](/source/Frankfurt) (1965). By 1963, she had made five tours to South America and from 1962 she lectured at the Hamburg Academy of Art. Her choreographic cycle "Affectos Humanos" (1962) was composed by her long-time collaborator, Dimitri Wiatowitsch. It consists of five dances, each focused on one of the 48 types of human affect identified in Spinoza's philosophical writings: "Eitelkeit" (vanity), "Begierde" (lust), "Angst" (fear), "Hass" (hatred), and "Liebe" (love). A highly technical and abstract movement composition, it prefigured post-modern dance styles. It has been studied and reconstructed as recently as 2010.{{cite book|last=Giersdorf|first=Jens Richard|title=The body of the people: East German dance since 1945|year=2013|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|location=Madison, Wis.|isbn=978-0-299-28964-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3RK6ZZsLVYAC}}{{cite web|last=Nachbar|first=Martin|title=A Contemporary Body Made History Dance reconstruction as artistic re search practice into the history of dance techniques and choreography|url=http://media.researchcatalogue.net:8080/rclive/master/32_18927_01329797656_00001.pdf?key=396d0fb47d355a2252e6e7e939445bd1&timeout=1392858000|accessdate=13 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314013639/http://media.researchcatalogue.net:8080/rclive/master/32_18927_01329797656_00001.pdf?key=396d0fb47d355a2252e6e7e939445bd1&timeout=1392858000|archive-date=14 March 2014|url-status=dead}}{{cite book | last=Gehm | first=Sabine | title=Knowledge in Motion | publisher=Transcript Publishing | publication-place=Bielefeld | date=2007 | isbn=978-3-89942-809-4 | page=}}{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jack|title=Review/Dance; Premiere Honors a German Choreographer|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/19/arts/review-dance-premiere-honors-a-german-choreographer.html|accessdate=14 March 2014|newspaper=New York Times|date=October 19, 1989}} Hoyer last performed on 18 December 1967 at the [Theater des Westens](/source/Theater_des_Westens) in Berlin.{{cite journal|title=Cultural news from Germany|year=1967|volume=10–11|journal=Cultural news from Germany|publisher=Inter Nationes|location=Bonn|pages=6}} She bore all the costs of the performance, which was poorly attended.{{cite web|url=http://www.sk-kultur.de/tanz/hoyer.htm|title=Dore Hoyer (1911–1967)|accessdate=13 March 2014|language=German|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912092036/http://www.sk-kultur.de/tanz/hoyer.htm|archive-date=12 September 2011|url-status=dead}} In debt and facing the possibility that she would no longer be able to dance because of a knee injury, she committed suicide in Berlin on 31 December 1967.{{cite web|url=http://depts.washington.edu/uwdance/cdc/archive/repertoire.php?t=chor&id=6|title=Dore Hoyer / Choreographer|publisher=Chamber Dance Company|accessdate=19 February 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223085255/http://depts.washington.edu/uwdance/cdc/archive/repertoire.php?t=chor&id=6|archivedate=23 February 2014}} In one of the last letters she wrote before her death, she lamented: "Only in dance could I communicate." After her death, Hoyer's papers and archives were held by Waltraud Luley, executor of her estate, who has since donated them to the [Deutsches Tanzarchiv Köln](/source/Deutsches_Tanzarchiv_K%C3%B6ln).{{cite book|last=Fisher|first=Betsy|title=Creating and re-creating dance : performing dances related to Ausdruckstanz|year=2002|publisher=Teatterikorkeakoulu, Näyttämötaide ja Tutkimus|location=Helsinki|isbn=952-9765-31-2|url=http://www.teak.fi/general/Uploads_files/Acta%20Scenica/creating_and_re-creating_dance_AS12.pdf}}{{cite web|title=Deutsches Tanzarchiv Köln|url=http://www.sk-kultur.de/tanz/dtk-english.html|publisher=Deutsches Tanzarchiv Köln|accessdate=13 March 2014}} ==See also== *[List of dancers](/source/List_of_dancers) *[Women in dance](/source/Women_in_dance) == References == {{Reflist}} == Literature == * {{cite book|last=Bell-Kanner|first=Karen|title=The Life and Times of Ellen Von Frankenberg|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P6OOR0lplq0C&pg=PA118|date=1 January 1991|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-3-7186-5110-8|pages=118–}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hoyer, Dore}} Category:1911 births Category:German female dancers Category:Expressionist choreographers Category:Expressionist dancers Category:Dancers from Berlin Category:People from Dresden Category:German women choreographers Category:German choreographers Category:1967 deaths Category:Dancers from Saxony Category:1967 suicides Category:Suicides by poison Category:Suicides in West Germany Category:Female suicides --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Dore Hoyer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dore_Hoyer) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dore_Hoyer?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.