# Dittography

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{{Short description|Accidental repeating of content in text}}
{{confused|ditto machine}}
'''Dittography''' is the accidental, erroneous act of repeating a letter, word, phrase or combination of letters by a scribe or copyist.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Flusser |first1=David |last2=Rylaarsdam |first2=J. Coert |title=Biblical literature - Writing Materials, Methods |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/biblical-literature/Types-of-writing-materials-and-methods#ref597992 |website=www.britannica.com |publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=4 February 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref>Paul D. Wegner, [https://books.google.com/books?id=SIMsY6b2n2gC&pg=PA48 ''A student's guide to textual criticism of the Bible: its history, methods, and results''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521202314/https://books.google.com/books?id=SIMsY6b2n2gC&pg=PA48&lpg=PA48&dq= |date=21 May 2021 }}, InterVarsity Press, 2006, p. 48.</ref> The term is used in the field of [textual criticism](/source/textual_criticism), especially in critical studies of ancient or [biblical literature](/source/biblical_literature). The opposite phenomenon, in which a copyist omits text by skipping from a word or phrase to a similar word or phrase further on, is known as [haplography](/source/haplography).

==Example==
[Papyrus 98](/source/Papyrus_98) in Rev 1:13 has {{lang|el|περιεζωσμμενον}} instead of {{lang|el|περιεζωσμενον}} (doubled μ). The [Codex Vaticanus](/source/Codex_Vaticanus) repeats the word {{lang|el|διδασκαλος}} in John 13:14. The phrase "Great is Artemis of the Ephesians" appears twice in [Acts](/source/Acts_of_the_Apostles) 19:34 in the Codex Vaticanus, while it only appears once in other manuscripts.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.earlham.edu/~seidti/iam/dittography.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612235833/https://earlham.edu/~seidti/iam/dittography.html |archive-date=12 June 2010 |title=Dittography |website=earlham.edu}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Proofreading
Category:Textual criticism
Category:User errors

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