# Distributed data processing

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For topic in computer science, see [distributed computing](/source/Distributed_computing) and [data processing](/source/Data_processing).

Distributed data processing

**Distributed data processing**[1] (DDP)[2] was the term that IBM used for the [IBM 3790](/source/IBM_3790) (1975) and its successor, the [IBM 8100](/source/IBM_8100) (1979). *[Datamation](/source/Datamation)* described the 3790 in March 1979 as "less than successful."[3][4]

Distributed data processing was used by IBM to refer to two environments:

- [IMS](/source/IBM_Information_Management_System) DB/DC

- [CICS](/source/CICS)/[DL/I](/source/Data_Language_Interface)[5][6]

Each pair included a Telecommunications Monitor and a Database system.[5] The layering involved a message, containing information to form a transaction, which was then processed by an application program.[6] Development tools such as program validation services were released by IBM to facilitate expansion.[7]

Use of "a number of small computers linked to a central computer"[1] permitted local[8] and central processing, each optimized at what it could best do. Terminals,[9] including those described as *intelligent*, typically were attached locally,[10] to a "satellite processor."[11] Central systems, sometimes multi-processors, grew to handle the load.[12] Some of this extra capacity, of necessity, is used to enhance data security.[13] Years before [open systems](/source/Open_system_(computing)) made its presence felt, the goal of some hardware suppliers was "to replace the big, central mainframe computer with an array of smaller computers that are tied together."[14]

## Lower case distributed data processing

[Hadoop](/source/Apache_Hadoop)[15] adds another term to the mix: [File System](/source/Filesystem_in_Userspace). Tools added for this use of distributed data processing include [new programming languages](/source/Data-centric_programming_language).

## TSI/DPF Flexicom

In 1976[16] *Turnkey Systems Inc* (TSI)/DPF Inc. introduced a hardware/software telecommunications [front-end](/source/Front-end_(computing)) to off-load some processing that handled *distributed data processing*. Named **Flexicom**,[17] The CPU was IBM-manufactured, and it ran (mainframe) DOS Rel. 26, with *Flexicom*'s additions. Of four models available, the smallest had the CPU of a [360/30](/source/IBM_System%2F360_Model_30).

## See also

- [HPCC](/source/HPCC)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-NorTel.NYT_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-NorTel.NYT_1-1) ["Northern Telecom's Setback"](https://www.nytimes.com/1981/01/21/business/northern-telecom-s-setback.html). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. January 21, 1981.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Ernest E. Keet (October 1977). "Distributed data processing: the key is software". *Data Communications*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-DM0379_3-0)** Woods, Larry (March 1979). "IBM's 8100: First Impressions". *Datamation*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** "(which can simulate 3790 functions through the [DPCX](/source/DPCX) operating system)"

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-DDP.Part1_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-DDP.Part1_5-1) Ronald G. Ross. "IBM's Distributed Processing Capabilities For Large-Scale Data Base Systems, Part 1". *[Computerworld](/source/Computerworld)*.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-DDP.Part2_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-DDP.Part2_6-1) Ronald G. Ross. "IBM's Distributed Processing Capabilities For Large-Scale Data Base Systems, Part 2". *[Computerworld](/source/Computerworld)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Ronald A. Frank (July 16, 1975). ["The 3790: A Glimpse Into IBM's Future Plans?"](https://books.google.com/books?id=4W_8uJni4f0). *Computerworld*. Vol. 9, no. 29. IDG Enterprise. p. 15. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0010-4841](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0010-4841).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["I.B.M. Displays New Processor"](https://www.nytimes.com/1983/06/23/business/ibm-displays-new-processor.html?pagewanted=print). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. June 23, 1983.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["Motorola to acquire computer maker"](https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/11/business/motorola-to-acquire-computer-maker.html). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. December 11, 1981.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Jay Bryan (October 21, 1979). ["Mr. Fixit of Northern Telecom"](https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/21/archives/mr-fixit-of-northern-telecom.html). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Peter J. Schuyten (February 4, 1979). [*To Clone a Computer*](https://www.nytimes.com/1979/02/04/archives/to-clone-a-computer-neophyte-national-semiconductor-has-jolted-the.html). {{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: |newspaper= ignored ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["Honeywell's New Computer"](https://www.nytimes.com/1982/10/15/business/honeywell-s-new-computer.html). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. October 15, 1982.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** Peter J. Schuyten (September 27, 1979). ["Technology"](https://www.nytimes.com/1979/09/27/archives/technology-computers-and-criminals.html). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** Steven Greenhouse (May 19, 1987). ["Challenge for Honeywell Bull"](https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/19/business/challenge-for-honeywell-bull.html). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** ["Distributed data processing with Hadoop, Part 3"](https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-hadoop-3/index.html). *[IBM](/source/IBM)*. July 14, 2010.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** William D. Smith (November 17, 1976). ["I.B.M. Starting Series 1 System To Enter Minicomputer Market"](https://www.nytimes.com/1976/11/17/archives/ibm-starting-series-1-system-to-enter-minicomputer-market.html). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. DPF Inc. introduced a new data communications system called Flexicom

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** ["A Flexicom Friend"](https://www.irishtimes.com/news/dr-solomon-succumbs-to-takeover-virus-1.163138). *[The Irish Times](/source/The_Irish_Times)*.

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