# Diromma

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***Diromma*** is a [monotypic](/source/Monotypic) fungal [genus](/source/Genus) in the family [Roccellaceae](/source/Roccellaceae). It contains the single species ***Diromma dirinellum***, a rare [crustose lichen](/source/Crustose_lichen) that grows as a [parasite](/source/Parasitism) on the lichen *[Dirina ceratoniae](/source/Dirina_ceratoniae)*. It has a distribution restricted to the [Mediterranean Basin](/source/Mediterranean_Basin).[1]

## Taxonomy

This species was first [described](/source/Species_description) in 1882 by Finnish lichenologist [William Nylander](/source/William_Nylander_(botanist)) as *Platygrapha dirinella*, from specimens collected in [Sardinia](/source/Sardinia), Italy.[2] It was transferred to *[Schismatomma](/source/Schismatomma)* in 1923 by [Alexander Zahlbruckner](/source/Alexander_Zahlbruckner),[3] and considered a member of that genus for nearly a century. The genus *Diromma* was [circumscribed](/source/Circumscription_(taxonomy)) in 2014 by Anders Tehler and Damien Ernst, following [molecular phylogenetic](/source/Molecular_phylogenetic) analysis and revision of the Roccellaceae. This analysis showed that the species was a quite distinct [lineage](/source/Lineage_(evolution)) in the Roccellaceae. The genus name alludes to both its [phylogenetic](/source/Phylogenetic) closeness to *[Dirina](/source/Dirina)*, and its [morphological](/source/Morphology_(biology)) similarity with *Schismatomma*.[4]

## Description

*Diromma dirinellum* has a crustose thallus with a [cortex](/source/Cortex_(botany)). Its [ascomata](/source/Ascomata), which are immersed (or partly so) in the thallus, measure 0.2–0.6 mm in diameter, and have a more or less circular to irregular outline. [Ascospores](/source/Ascospore) are [hyaline](/source/Hyaline) with 3 [septa](/source/Septum), and measure 20–30.5 by 4.5–5.5 [μm](/source/Micrometre); they are not enclosed in a gelatinous sheath. The [photobiont](/source/Photobiont) partner is trentepholioid – [green algae](/source/Green_alga) from genus *[Trentepohlia](/source/Trentepohlia_(alga))*. The lichen contains [roccellic acid](/source/Roccellic_acid), but does not react with any of the standard [chemical spot tests](/source/Spot_test_(lichen)) (K−, C−, P−).[4]

## References

1. Nimis, Pier Luigi (2016). *The Lichens of Italy. A Second Annotated Catalogue*. Trieste: Edizioni Università di Trieste. p. 181. ISBN 978-88-8303-755-9.

1. Nylander, W. (1856). "Synopsis du genre *Arthonia*" (in Latin). *Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Sciences Naturelles de Cherbourg*. **4**: 85–104.

1. Zahlbruckner, A. (1923). [*Catalogus Lichenum Universalis*](http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/02848/0555.htm). Vol. 2. Jena: Bernhard Vopelius. p. 555.

1. Ertz, Damien; Tehler, Anders; Irestedt, Martin; Frisch, Andreas; Thor, Göran; van den Boom, Pieter (2014). "A large-scale phylogenetic revision of Roccellaceae (Arthoniales) reveals eight new genera". *Fungal Diversity*. **70** (1): 31–53. [doi:10.1007/s13225-014-0286-5](https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-014-0286-5). [S2CID 7994392](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7994392)

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