# Deutsche Bahn

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State-owned national railway company of Germany

Not to be confused with [Deutsche Bank](/source/Deutsche_Bank) or [DB Bahn](/source/DB_Bahn).

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Deutsche Bahn AG Logo since 1994 Type State-owned Aktiengesellschaft Industry Rail transport logistics Predecessors Deutsche Reichsbahn (1920–1949) Deutsche Bundesbahn (1949–1994) Deutsche Reichsbahn (1949–1994) Founded 1 January 1994 (32 years ago) (1994-01-01) Headquarters Bahntower, Berlin , Germany Area served Europe Key people Evelyn Palla (CEO) Products Rail transport cargo transport services Revenue €56.3 billion (2022)[1]: 52 Net income €227 million (2022)[1]: 52 Owner Government of Germany Number of employees 211,000 (Germany) 338,000 (Worldwide) Website www.deutschebahn.com

**Deutsche Bahn AG**[a] (**DB**)[b] is the national [railway](/source/Rail_transport) company of Germany, and a [state-owned enterprise](/source/State-owned_enterprise) under the control of the German government. With its head office in the *[Bahntower](/source/Bahntower)* in [Berlin](/source/Berlin), it is a [joint-stock company](/source/Joint-stock_company) (*[Aktiengesellschaft](/source/Aktiengesellschaft)*, AG).[2][3][4]

DB was founded after the merger between [Deutsche Bundesbahn](/source/Deutsche_Bundesbahn) and the East German [Deutsche Reichsbahn](/source/Deutsche_Reichsbahn_(East_Germany)) in 1994 after the unification of Germany and has been operating ever since. Deutsche Bahn is the second-largest transport company in Germany, after the German postal and logistics company [Deutsche Post](/source/Deutsche_Post) / [DHL](/source/DHL). DB provides both long-distance and regional transport, serving around 132 million long distance passengers and 1.6 billion regional passengers in 2022. In 2022, DB transported 222 million tons of cargo.[5]

## Company profile

*[Bahntower](/source/Bahntower)* at [Potsdamer Platz](/source/Potsdamer_Platz) in [Berlin](/source/Berlin) houses DB's head office

The group is divided into several companies, including [DB Fernverkehr](/source/DB_Fernverkehr) (long-distance passenger), *[DB Regio](/source/DB_Regio)* (local passenger services) and *[DB Cargo](/source/DB_Cargo)* (rail freight). The Group subsidiary *[DB InfraGO](/source/DB_InfraGO)* also operates large parts of the German [railway infrastructure](/source/Railway_infrastructure_manager), making it the largest rail network in Europe.

The company generates about half of its total [revenue](/source/Revenue) from operating [rail transport](/source/Rail_transport), with the other half of the business comprising further transport and [logistics](/source/Logistics) businesses, as well as various service providers. The company generates further revenue through public transport contracts and support services for infrastructure maintenance and expansion. The Deutsche Bahn Group is divided into various organizational units that perform their tasks with subsidiaries.

## Rail transport

DB Personenverkehr is the unit that manages passenger travel within Germany. Originally called *Reise & Touristik* (lit. 'Travel and Tourism'), this group is responsible for the managing, servicing and running of German passenger services. This group is divided into [DB Fernverkehr](/source/DB_Fernverkehr) and [DB Regio](/source/DB_Regio).[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

### DB Fernverkehr

Main article: [DB Fernverkehr](/source/DB_Fernverkehr)

A [Siemens](/source/Siemens_Mobility) [ICE 3](/source/ICE_3) long-distance high-speed train of [DB Fernverkehr](/source/DB_Fernverkehr)

DB Fernverkehr AG is a semi-independent division of Deutsche Bahn that operates long-distance passenger trains in Germany. It was founded in 1999 in the second stage of the privatisation of German Federal Railways under the name of DB Reise & Touristik and renamed in 2003.

DB Fernverkehr operates all [Intercity Express](/source/Intercity_Express) and [Intercity](/source/Intercity_(Deutsche_Bahn)) trains in [Germany](/source/Germany) as well as in some neighboring countries and several [EuroCity](/source/EuroCity) and [EuroCityExpress](/source/EuroCity-Express) trains throughout [Europe](/source/Europe). Unlike its sister companies DB Regio and DB Cargo, DB Fernverkehr still holds a *de facto* monopoly in its segment of the market as it operates hundreds of trains per day, while all competitors' long-distance services combined amount to no more than 10–15 trains per day.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

DB Fernverkehr operated a few long-distance coach services throughout Germany, called *IC Bus*, which since have been terminated.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

### DB Regio

Main article: [DB Regio](/source/DB_Regio)

A [Bombardier Twindexx](/source/Bombardier_Twindexx) regional train of [DB Regio](/source/DB_Regio)

[DBAG Class 423](/source/DBAG_Class_423) serving as [S-Bahn](/source/S-Bahn) in the urban area *[Frankfurt Rhine-Main](/source/Frankfurt_Rhine-Main)*

DB Regio AG is the subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn that operates passenger trains on short and medium distances in Germany. Unlike its long-distance counterpart, DB Fernverkehr, it does not operate trains on its own account. Traffic is ordered and paid for by the [Bundesländer](/source/States_of_Germany) (states) or their respective regional train operation supervisors.

Some states have awarded long-term contracts to DB Regio (usually 10 to 15 years), in others, DB Regio's operations are decreasing, in North Rhine-Westphalia, their market share is expected to be lower than 50%. DB Regio rail services are divided into several regional companies:

- DB Regio Nord for [Schleswig-Holstein](/source/Schleswig-Holstein), [Hamburg](/source/Hamburg), [Lower Saxony](/source/Lower_Saxony), [Bremen](/source/Bremen)

- DB Regio Nordost for [Berlin](/source/Berlin), [Brandenburg](/source/Brandenburg), [Mecklenburg-Vorpommern](/source/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

- DB Regio NRW for [North Rhine-Westphalia](/source/North_Rhine-Westphalia)

- DB Regio Südost for [Saxony](/source/Saxony), [Saxony-Anhalt](/source/Saxony-Anhalt), [Thuringia](/source/Thuringia)

- DB Regio Mitte for [Rhineland-Palatinate](/source/Rhineland-Palatinate), [Saarland](/source/Saarland), [Hesse](/source/Hesse) and parts of [Baden-Württemberg](/source/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg)

- DB Regio Baden-Württemberg for the rest of [Baden-Württemberg](/source/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg)

- DB Regio Bayern for [Bavaria](/source/Bavaria)

- [S-Bahn Hamburg](/source/S-Bahn_Hamburg)

- [S-Bahn Berlin](/source/S-Bahn_Berlin)

- RegioNetz (small, independent networks, like [Erzgebirgsbahn](/source/Erzgebirgsbahn), [Gäubodenbahn](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A4ubodenbahn&action=edit&redlink=1), [Kurhessenbahn](/source/Kurhessenbahn), [Oberweißbacher Bergbahn](/source/Oberwei%C3%9Fbacher_Bergbahn), [Südostbayernbahn](/source/S%C3%BCdostbayernbahn), [Westfrankenbahn](/source/Westfrankenbahn) for easier organisation)

The bus services consist of 25 bus companies, which have subsidiary companies themselves.

## Logistics

Main article: [DB Cargo](/source/DB_Cargo)

Freight train from [DB Cargo](/source/DB_Cargo) in [Germany](/source/Germany)

The Transport and Logistics division acted in the market with the business units [DB Schenker](/source/DB_Schenker) and [DB Cargo](/source/DB_Cargo), which were combined under the umbrella of DB Schenker, and the Intermodal division, which operates in combined transport. In 2016, rail freight transport was separated from logistics and DB Schenker Rail was renamed [DB Cargo](/source/DB_Cargo).

In cooperation with the logistics provider [time:matters](/source/Time%3Amatters), DB also offers the transport of shipments weighing up to 20 kg (44 lb) on its EC/IC/ICE trains.[6]

## Infrastructure

### DB InfraGO

The infrastructure division was divided into the [DB Netz](/source/DB_Netz) (rail infrastructure), [DB Station&Service](/source/DB_Station%26Service) (stations and services) and DB Energie (energy) business units. At the end of December 2023, DB Netz merged with DB Station&Service to create [DB InfraGO](/source/DB_InfraGO) AG. The new company is intended to reduce poor communication between the two previously separate infrastructure firms.[7]

### DB Engineering & Consulting

[DB Engineering & Consulting](/source/DB_Engineering_%26_Consulting), which is responsible for construction supervision, construction planning and [maintenance](/source/Maintenance_(technical)), is also assigned to this department without being part of a business area. Via its subsidiary DB Engineering & Consulting, DB signed a [memorandum of understanding](/source/Memorandum_of_understanding) with Iranian rail operator Bonyad Eastern Railways (BonRail) in May 2017 and shortly after a consulting contract with [Islamic Republic of Iran Railways](/source/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Railways); both projects were abandoned after the United States imposed new sanctions against Iran and said firms doing business with Iran would be barred from doing business with the United States.[8]

The [California High-Speed Rail Authority](/source/California_High-Speed_Rail_Authority)'s (CHSRA) board approved on 15 November 2017 an early train operator contract with DB Engineering & Consulting USA.[9] The firm is the U.S. arm of Deutsche Bahn AG. As early train operator, DB Engineering & Consulting will assist CHSRA with planning, designing and implementing the state's high-speed rail program.

## Foreign ventures

### Arriva

*Deutsche Bahn* purchased [Arriva](/source/Arriva) in August 2010 off the [London Stock Exchange](/source/London_Stock_Exchange).[10][11] To satisfy the [European Commission](/source/European_Commission), Arriva's German operations were rebranded [Netinera](/source/Netinera) and sold.[12] As of July 2022, Arriva operated 15,700 buses and 800 railway vehicles in 14 European countries, mainly in the United Kingdom and Ireland.[13] In 2019, Deutsche Bahn unsuccessfully tried to sell the business.[14] In October 2023, Deutsche Bahn agreed on terms to sell Arriva to [I Squared Capital](/source/I_Squared_Capital), with the transaction scheduled to be completed in 2024.[15] The sale was completed on 4 June 2024 at a reported price of £1.4 billion.[16]

### DB Cargo UK

DB also has interests abroad, owning the United Kingdom's largest rail freight operator, [DB Cargo UK](/source/DB_Cargo_UK), which also operates the [British Royal Train](/source/British_Royal_Train)[17] and also has interests in [Eastern Europe](/source/Eastern_Europe). It is possible to obtain train times for any journey in Europe from Deutsche Bahn's website.[18]

### Trans-Eurasia Logistics

[Trans-Eurasia Logistics](/source/Trans-Eurasia_Logistics) is a [joint venture](/source/Joint_venture) with [Russian Railways](/source/Russian_Railways) (RŽD) that operates [container](/source/Containerization) freight trains between Germany and China via [Russia](/source/Russia).[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

## History

See also: [History of rail transport in Germany](/source/History_of_rail_transport_in_Germany)

### Background: the Deutsche Reichsbahn

Main article: [Deutsche Reichsbahn](/source/Deutsche_Reichsbahn)

The [railway network in Germany](/source/Rail_transport_in_Germany) dates back to 1835 when the first tracks were laid on a 6 km (3.7 mi) route between Nuremberg and Fürth. The [Deutsche Reichsbahn](/source/Deutsche_Reichsbahn) operated from 1920[19] through the [Weimar](/source/Weimar_Republic) and [Nazi eras](/source/Nazi_Germany) until 1949,[20] when it was split between East and West Germany into two successor entities, [Deutsche Reichsbahn](/source/Deutsche_Reichsbahn_(East_Germany)) and [Deutsche Bundesbahn](/source/Deutsche_Bundesbahn), respectively.[21] They remained separate throughout the Cold War era division of Germany, and joined after the 1989 fall of the [Berlin Wall](/source/Berlin_Wall), and [German reunification](/source/German_reunification) in 1990. On 1 January 1994 [Deutsche Reichsbahn](/source/Deutsche_Reichsbahn_(East_Germany)) and [Deutsche Bundesbahn](/source/Deutsche_Bundesbahn) were merged to form one company, Deutsche Bahn, the successor organisation to the Reichsbahn.[22][23][24][25] At the same time, Deutsche Bahn adopted its current logo and *DB* abbreviation. Kurt Weidemann modernised the logo and typographer [Erik Spiekermann](/source/Erik_Spiekermann) designed a new corporate font known as DB Type. When Deutsche Bahn was formed in January 1994, it became a joint stock-company, and was designed to operate the railways of both the former East and West Germany after unification in October 1990 as a single, uniform, and private company.[26] There are three main periods of development in this unified German railway: its formation, its early years (1994–1999), and the period from 1999 to the present.

Originally, DBAG had its head office in [Frankfurt am Main](/source/Frankfurt_am_Main) but moved to [Potsdamer Platz](/source/Potsdamer_Platz) in central Berlin in 1996, where it occupies a 26-storey office tower designed by [Helmut Jahn](/source/Helmut_Jahn) at the eastern end of the [Sony Centre](/source/Sony_Center) and named [Bahntower](/source/Bahntower). As the lease was to expire in 2010, DB had announced plans to relocate to [Berlin Hauptbahnhof](/source/Berlin_Hauptbahnhof), and in 2007 a proposal for a new head office by [3XN Architects](/source/3XN) won an architectural competition which also included [Foster + Partners](/source/Foster_and_Partners), *[Dominique Perrault](/source/Dominique_Perrault)* and [Auer + Weber](/source/Auer%2BWeber%2BAssoziierte).[27] However, these plans were put on hold due to the [2008 financial crisis](/source/2008_financial_crisis), and the Bahntower lease was extended.[28] Construction of the new head office building was started in 2017 under the title "[Cube Berlin](/source/Cube_Berlin) [[de](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cube_Berlin)]" according to the designs by 3XN. Finished in February 2020, the Cube will house the legal offices of Deutsche Bahn, but not become the main head office.[29]

### 1999 to present

The second step of the Bahnreform (railway reform) was carried out in 1999. All rolling stock, track, personnel, and real assets were divided between the subsidiaries of DBAG: DB Reise & Touristik AG (long-distance passenger service, later renamed DB Station & Service AG (operating the stations)). This new organisational scheme was introduced not least to implement [European Community directive 91/440/EEC](/source/EU_Directive_91%2F440) that requires open access operations on railway lines by companies other than those that own the rail infrastructure.

In December 2007, DB reorganised again, bringing all passenger services into its [DB Bahn](/source/DB_Bahn) arm, logistics under [DB Schenker](/source/DB_Schenker) and infrastructure and operations under [DB Netze](/source/DB_Netze).

The DB is owned by the Federal Republic. By the [Constitution](/source/Basic_Law_for_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany), the Federal Republic is required to retain (directly or indirectly) a majority of the infrastructure (the present DB Netze) stocks.

In 2008, it was agreed to "float" a portion of the business, meaning an end to the 100% share the German Federal Republic had in it, with a plan that 25% of the overall share would be sold to the private sector.[30] However the onset of the [2008 financial crisis](/source/2008_financial_crisis) saw this cancelled.[31]

In 2014, the Jewish community of Thessaloniki demanded that the Deutsche Bahn, which is the successor of the [Deutsche Reichsbahn](/source/Deutsche_Reichsbahn), should reimburse the heirs of Greek Holocaust victims of Thessaloniki for train fares that they were forced to pay for their deportation from Thessaloniki to Auschwitz and Treblinka between March and August 1943.[32][33][*[needs update](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items)*]

In June 2018 controversy grew in the [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom) over widespread cancellations of railway services and numerous delayed services operated by Deutsche Bahn in Britain, under its [Northern](/source/Arriva_Rail_North) brand. This resulted in Britain's Minister of Transport, Chris Grayling, setting up an enquiry into whether the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary had breached its contractual agreement to provide railway services in the north of England.[34][*[needs update](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items)*]

In 2024, Deutsche Bahn faced significant operational challenges during the [Euro 2024](/source/Euro_2024) football tournament, including frequent train delays, cancellations, and infrastructure issues.[35][36] The rail carrier reported a €1 billion half year net loss stemming from investments to repair its rail network, strikes and bad weather in July of the same year. As a result, Deutsche Bahn announced that they would shed 30,000 administrative jobs, roughly equal to 9% of their workforce.[37]

In September 2024, the company came to an agreement with [DSV](/source/DSV_(company)) of Denmark, a logistics company; in the agreement, DSV will acquire [Schenker](/source/Schenker_AG) from Deutsche Bahn for $15.84 billion.[38][39]

### Logo

		- 1 April 1920 to 26 April 1945, operating as *Deutsche Reichsbahn*

		- 30 August 1924 to 31 December 1993, operating as *Deutsche Reichsbahn*. This mark was used in tandem with the previous logo until April 1945.

		- 10 October 1946 to 31 December 1993, operating as *Deutsche Bundesbahn*

		- Current logo, in use since 1 January 1994, operating as *Deutsche Bahn*

## Train categories

Trains in Germany are classified by their stopping pattern, average speed and level of comfort provided:[40]

### Long-distance trains

- **ICE** (*[Intercity-Express](/source/Intercity-Express)*) for high-speed long-distance train services between major cities and regions. Certain routes also cross European borders into the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Switzerland and Austria.

- **EC** ([EuroCity](/source/EuroCity)) for intercity trains that cross borders, and connect Germany with other countries. Can also be operated by foreign state railways.

- **IC** (*[InterCity](/source/Intercity_(Deutsche_Bahn))*) for long-distance [semi-high-speed](/source/Higher-speed_rail) services that connect regions and cities. IC services are slightly lower in class than ICE services, with trains reaching lower speeds (average around 160 – 220 km/h) and with more frequent stops. On some IC routes the trains use legacy railway lines instead of the high-speed lines the ICE takes. International IC services are usually operated as *EuroCity*.

Just as ICE, EC and (few) IC cross European borders, train categories of other operators cross into Germany and are operated in cooperation with Deutsche Bahn:

- **[ECE](/source/EuroCity#EuroCity-Express)** for international high-speed rail services in cooperation with [SBB](/source/Swiss_Federal_Railways). Currently two routes ([Frankfurt](/source/Frankfurt_am_Main)-[Milan](/source/Milan) and [Munich](/source/Munich)-[Zurich](/source/Zurich)).

- **[TGV](/source/TGV)** in cooperation with [SNCF](/source/SNCF) from France to Frankfurt and Munich via Stuttgart.

- **[Railjet](/source/Railjet)** from Austria to Munich and Frankfurt in cooperation with [ÖBB](/source/Austrian_Federal_Railways) and from Prague to Berlin in cooperation with [ČD](/source/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_dr%C3%A1hy).

### Regional trains

- **IRE** ([Interregio-Express](/source/Interregio-Express)) are longer distance RE trains that connect regions and cities. IRE trains only exist in the [Berlin-Lichtenberg](/source/Berlin-Lichtenberg_railway_station) — [Wrocław Główny](/source/Wroc%C5%82aw_G%C5%82%C3%B3wny_railway_station) route.

- **RE** ([Regional-Express](/source/Regional-Express)) serve regions and connects cities, and do not stop at every station on the route.

- **RB** ([Regionalbahn](/source/Regionalbahn)) stop at all stations on the route (except where S-Bahn is available) and are often the most basic train service available.

- **S** ([S-Bahn](/source/S-Bahn)) is a type of [rapid transit](/source/Rapid_transit) for larger cities and stop at all stations. S-Bahn operate high-frequency services and are usually characterised by crossing through the city centre with dense station spacing.[41]

There are several other operators in Germany which sometimes offer other categories, also, a local transport authority or tariff associations might brand the trains in a different way than DB does. For example, in the Nuremberg region, RE and RB trains are not differentiated, but called R instead. In some regions, such as [Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg](/source/Verkehrsverbund_Berlin-Brandenburg), private operators do use the RE and RB labels, in others, such as [Saxony](/source/Saxony), they do not. In online and print information systems of DB, private trains officially labelled RB and RE by their operators, might get a different label, for example "ABR" for trains operated by [Abellio](/source/Abellio_Deutschland), though on platforms, trains and maps or timetables issued by the local transport authority overseeing regional train services, these abbreviations usually do not appear.

### Former categories

- **D** (D-Zug or [Schnellzug](/source/Schnellzug), abbreviated from Durchgangszug) was the [express train](/source/Express_train) category and used to be the highest train category. It was replaced by IC and the even faster ICE. The trains of the SyltShuttle plus car shuttle service connecting the island of [Sylt](/source/Sylt) with the mainland are still officially referred to as D trains

- **E** ([Eilzug](/source/Eilzug)) was the [semi-fast service](/source/Express_train) offering faster journeys than normal passenger trains but not at such long distances and speed as D trains, though there were some quite long running E trains. No direct successor, would be located between RE and IC.

- **IR** ([InterRegio](/source/InterRegio)), set between RE and IC was meant to connect cities and regions at a lower price, but also be used for local traffic. Replaced partly by IC, RE and IRE.

- **MET** (*[Metropolitan](/source/Metropolitan_(train))*) was a luxury train service between Hamburg and Cologne from 1999 to 2004. The two special MET train sets were used for IC and ICE services afterwards until 2021, and had a comfort level above the regular IC and ICE coaches.

- **N** (Nahverkehrszug), the most basic form of train service stopping at all stations. When all local train services were vertaktet, i.e. operating at a fixed interval (mostly one train per hour), they were rebranded as RB.

- **SE** ([Stadt-Express](/source/Stadt-Express)) operated as a mixture of RE and RB: trains skipped many stations in urban areas but made all stops in the countryside. Rebranded as RE and RB. In some regions, such as Rhine-Main (Frankfurt, [Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund](/source/Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund)), the local transit authority advertised trains as SE. Internally, DB classified them as either RE or RB, but even DB trains display "SE" on their destination boards. This ceased in December 2016.

## Tickets

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DB offers two different pricing models for single or return tickets for routes that include long-distance trains:

- The *Flexpreis* (originally *Normalpreis*): gives full flexibility, i.e., all trains on the given date can be used on the chosen route. This price is independent of the time of purchase for a given route and tickets are reimbursable prior to the day of departure.

- The *Sparpreis* and *Super-Sparpreis* are generally cheaper tickets that must be purchased in advance and are only valid for a specific connection.

Ticket prices generally rise degressively over distance, particularly for Sparpreise and Supersparpreise.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] Seat reservations are included only for first class *Flexpreis* tickets and seating capacity without reservation is not assured, even for tickets valid on one particular connection only.

Local trains (S, RB, RE, IRE) also accept tickets issued by [local transport associations](/source/List_of_German_transport_associations), which can also be used on buses, trams, and [U-Bahn](/source/Rapid_transit_in_Germany#U-Bahn) trains.

DB offers concessionary fares with the *[BahnCard](/source/BahnCard)* discount cards, which are available as *BahnCard 25* (25% discount on Flexpreis and Sparpreis), *BahnCard 50* (50% discount on Flexpreis and 25% discount on Sparpreis), and *BahnCard 100* (unlimited travel on all Deutsche Bahn trains, a few private train companies and also in many local transport associations).

Other special tickets, such as the Länder-Tickets ("state tickets"), which give unlimited journeys on local trains and in many transport associations within a state, and [Interrail](/source/Interrail) are also available. These tickets offer group tickets, where up to five people can travel on a single ticket.[42]

## Sponsorship

Deutsche Bahn sponsored the German football club [Hertha BSC](/source/Hertha_BSC) between 2006 and 2015.

## Incidents

- [2025 Riedlingen derailment](/source/Riedlingen_derailment) (2025)

- [2025 Hamburg train accident](/source/2025_Hamburg_train_accident)

- [Garmisch-Partenkirchen train derailment](/source/Garmisch-Partenkirchen_train_derailment) (2022)

- [Bad Aibling rail accident](/source/Bad_Aibling_rail_accident) (2016)

- [2012 Stuttgart derailments](/source/2012_Stuttgart_derailments)

- [Hordorf train collision](/source/Hordorf_train_collision) (2011)

- [Brühl train derailment](/source/Br%C3%BChl_train_derailment) (2000)

- [Eschede train disaster](/source/Eschede_train_disaster) (1998)

## See also

- [Rail transport in Germany](/source/Rail_transport_in_Germany)

- [Railway electrification system](/source/Railway_electrification_system)

- [Transport in Germany](/source/Transport_in_Germany)

## Footnotes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Pronounced [/ˈdɔɪtʃə ˈbɑːn/](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English) [*DOYCH-ə BAHN*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key); German pronunciation: [\[ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈbaːn\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German), lit. 'German Railway'

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** German pronunciation: [\[deːˈbeː\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German); also abbreviated **DB AG**, pronounced [\[deːbeː aːˈɡeː\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German).

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-daten2022_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-daten2022_1-1) Deutsche Bahn AG. ["Annual Report 2022"](https://ir.deutschebahn.com/fileadmin/Bildmaterial/2023/Investor_Update_Mrz_2023/II_InvestorUpdate_March_2023.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved 9 May 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Global 500 2023"](https://fortune.com/ranking/global500/). *Fortune*. Retrieved 24 December 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Members to the Supervisory Board of Deutsche Bahn AG"](https://web.archive.org/web/20121025152444/http://www.deutschebahn.com/en/group/ataglance/supervisory_board.html). Archived from [the original](http://www.deutschebahn.com/en/group/ataglance/supervisory_board.html) on 25 October 2012.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Deutsche Bahn AG at a glance"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090426010642/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/en/db__group/corporate__group/ata__glance/facts__figures/facts__figures.html). Deutsche Bahn. Archived from [the original](http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/en/db__group/corporate__group/ata__glance/facts__figures/facts__figures.html) on 26 April 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Deutsche Banh Facts and Figures 2022"](https://ibir.deutschebahn.com/2022/fileadmin/pdf/dufe_2022.pdf) (PDF). *Deutsche Bahn*. 27 July 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["Deutsche Bahn: ic:kurier - Zustellung am gleichen Tag"](https://www.bahn.de/angebot/zusatzticket/ic_kurier). *www.bahn.de*. Retrieved 1 February 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["Neue Bahngesellschaft InfraGo kann zu Jahresbeginn Arbeit aufnehmen"](https://www.handelsblatt.com/unternehmen/handel-konsumgueter/infrastrukturgesellschaft-neue-bahngesellschaft-infrago-kann-zu-jahresbeginn-arbeit-aufnehmen/100004426.html). *Handelsblatt* (in German). 27 December 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Gernot Heller and Douglas Busvine (16 August 2018), [German rail operator, Deutsche Telekom end Iran projects](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-nuclear-germany/german-rail-operator-deutsche-telekom-end-iran-projects-idUSKBN1L111C) *[Reuters](/source/Reuters)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Rail News - California high-speed rail agency selects German firm as early train operator. For Railroad Career Professionals"](http://www.progressiverailroading.com/high_speed_rail/news/California-high-speed-rail-agency-selects-German-firm-as-early-train-operator--53285). Progressiverailroading.com. Retrieved 8 March 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** [EC approves DB's takeover of Arriva](https://web.archive.org/web/20131107181844/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/10/ec-approves-dbs-takeover-of-arriva/browse/2.html) *[Railway Gazette International](/source/Railway_Gazette_International)* 11 August 2010

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** [Scheme of arrangement becomes effective](https://web.archive.org/web/20121019210904/http://www.arriva.co.uk/arriva/en/media_centre/press_releases/2010/2010-08-27/) [Arriva](/source/Arriva) 27 August 2010

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** New Name for Arriva Deutschland *[Today's Railways Europe](/source/Today's_Railways_Europe)* issue 185 May 2011 page 8

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** [Countries](https://www.arriva.co.uk/en/countries) Arriva

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** Canary Wharf investors bid for Arriva *[Coach & Bus Week](/source/Coach_%26_Bus_Week)* issue 1399 25 June 2019 page 7

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** [DB sells Arriva to One Square Capital](https://www.railjournal.com/financial/db-sells-arriva-to-i-squared-capital/) *[International Railway Journal](/source/International_Railway_Journal)* 19 October 2023

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** [Deutsche Bahn's sale of Arriva confirmed](https://www.railnews.co.uk/news/2024/06/03-deutsche-bahns-sale-of-arriva.html)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** Macalister, Terry (28 June 2007). ["Deutsche Bahn to run Queen's train"](https://www.theguardian.com/business/2007/jun/28/transportintheuk). *[The Guardian](/source/The_Guardian)*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** [Tickets - Timetable](http://www.bahn.de/p/view/international/englisch/international_guests.shtml) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20060407060611/http://www.bahn.de/p/view/international/englisch/international_guests.shtml) 7 April 2006 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** ["Verordnung zur Schaffung eines Unternehmens Deutsche Reichsbahn"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120216053523/http://www.fh-merseburg.de/~nosske/EpocheII/dg/e2d_2102.html). 16 February 2012. Archived from [the original](http://www.fh-merseburg.de/~nosske/EpocheII/dg/e2d_2102.html) on 16 February 2012. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** Mierzejewski, Alfred C. (30 March 2014). [*The Most Valuable Asset of the Reich: A History of the German National Railway, Volume 1, 1920-1932*](https://books.google.com/books?id=TERVAwAAQBAJ&q=1920+German+National+Railway+enterprise). UNC Press Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4696-2020-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4696-2020-6).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** ["Vielfältige Informationen zu Eisenbahn, Verkehrsgeschichte und Technikgeschichte aus dem Zeitraum 1919 bis 1945. Epoche II"](http://www.epoche2.de/). 8 April 2006. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20060408092254/http://www.epoche2.de/) from the original on 8 April 2006. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** ["Neckties from the GDR's Deutsche Reichsbahn and the Deutsche Bahn AG, 1993/1994"](https://web.archive.org/web/20221109083635/https://technikmuseum.berlin/en/exhibitions/object-of-the-month/detail/neckties-from-the-gdrs-deutsche-reichsbahn-and-the-deutsche-bahn-ag-19931994/). *technikmuseum.berlin*. Archived from [the original](https://technikmuseum.berlin/en/exhibitions/object-of-the-month/detail/neckties-from-the-gdrs-deutsche-reichsbahn-and-the-deutsche-bahn-ag-19931994/) on 9 November 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** ["Im Dienst von Demokratie und Diktatur"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210410114315/https://www.dbmuseum.de/museum_de/ausstellungen_fahrzeuge/geschichte_der_eisenbahn/1920_1945-2599370). DB Museum. Archived from [the original](https://www.dbmuseum.de/museum_de/ausstellungen_fahrzeuge/geschichte_der_eisenbahn/1920_1945-2599370) on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** Paterson, Tony (2 April 2012). ["German railway fears flood of lawsuits over Holocaust trains"](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/german-railway-fears-flood-lawsuits-over-holocaust-trains-7609055.html). *The Independent*. London. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210507105738/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/german-railway-fears-flood-lawsuits-over-holocaust-trains-7609055.html) from the original on 7 May 2021. The German railway company Deutsche Bahn has engaged a New York law firm to fight off compensation claims that it might face under proposed legislation enabling Holocaust victims and their relatives to sue for damages in US courts. The state-owned network is the main successor to the Nazi-run Deutsche Reichsbahn which, along with other railways in German-occupied Europe, deported millions of Jews to death camps during the Second World War.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** ["Holocaust survivor launches legal claim against German railway"](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/30/holocaust-survivor-launches-legal-claim-against-german-railways). *The Guardian*. London. 30 July 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200731015053/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/30/holocaust-survivor-launches-legal-claim-against-german-railways) from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2021. The scale of the Holocaust was only possible due to the efficiency and scale of the German railways. In January 1943, the head of the SS, Heinrich Himmler, wrote to Albert Ganzenmüller, the secretary of state for transport and the deputy director of the Reichsbahn, pleading for more train stock. "If I have any hope of quickly dealing with matters, I must have more haulage trains. Help me to get more," he said. Ganzenmüller, an early member of the Nazi party, was the only member of the railway to go on trial. On his first day in court in 1973 he had a heart attack and was declared medically unfit. He died in 1996. After the war, the German Democratic Republic in East Germany took over the name of the Deutsche Reichsbahn for its railway system. Today's Deutsche Bahn was created in 1994 after German reunification and the East German railway's merger with the West German Deutsche Bundesbahn.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-db1_28-0)** ["The foundation of Deutsche Bahn AG"](https://web.archive.org/web/20081227104858/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/en/db__group/corporate__group/history/topics/foundation/foundation.html). Deutsche Bahn AG. 10 July 2008. Archived from [the original](http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/en/db__group/corporate__group/history/topics/foundation/foundation.html) on 27 December 2008. Retrieved 15 December 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** ["Competition win for 3XN"](http://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/index.php?fuseaction=wanappln.projectview&upload_id=1766). *World Architecture News*. 21 December 2007. Retrieved 30 October 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** ["Deutsche Bahn verwirft Pläne für Umzug"](http://www.ftd.de/unternehmen/handel_dienstleister/:Deutsche%20Bahn%20Pl%E4ne%20Umzug/346601.html). *www.ftd.de*. Retrieved 27 January 2022.{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** Jürgens, Isabell (19 February 2020). [""Cube Berlin" – Europas schlauestes Gebäude geht in Betrieb"](https://www.morgenpost.de/bezirke/mitte/article228465217/Cube-Berlin-Europas-schlauestes-Gebaeude-geht-in-Betrieb.html). *www.morgenpost.de* (in German). Retrieved 7 June 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** "Partial sale of DB agreed" *[Railway Gazette International](/source/Railway_Gazette_International)* May 2008 page 289

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** "DB flotation on hold" *Railway Gazette International* November 2008 page 843

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** [One way tickets Thessaloniki – Auschwitz](http://faktencheckhellas.org/en/one-way-tickets-thessaloniki-auschwitz/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170208195215/http://faktencheckhellas.org/en/one-way-tickets-thessaloniki-auschwitz/) 8 February 2017 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), June 2015

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** [Zug der Erinnerung/Thessaloniki Zug der Erinnerung (non-government organisation "Train of Commemoration")](http://www.zug-der-erinnerung.eu/).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** Gwyn Topham; Helen Pidd; Pippa Crerar (4 June 2018). "Northern and GTR could be barred from rail franchises". *The Guardian*. London.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** Smith, Rory; Eddy, Melissa (23 June 2024). ["In Germany, a Tournament Runs Smoothly, but the Trains Do Not"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/23/world/europe/germany-trains-euro-2024.html). *The New York Times*. Retrieved 5 May 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** Parker, Jessica (18 July 2024). ["How Euro 2024 busted legend of German efficiency"](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckvgkgq9yeqo). *BBC*. Retrieved 5 May 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-39)** ["Deutsche Bahn to cut 30,000 jobs after billion-euro first-half net loss"](https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/deutsche-bahn-lowers-2024-forecasts-after-billion-euro-net-loss-h1-2024-07-25/). *Reuters*. 25 July 2024. Retrieved 3 September 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-40)** Chirls, Stuart (13 September 2024). ["Schenker buy makes DSV a forwarder colossus"](https://www.freightwaves.com/news/schenker-buy-makes-dsv-a-forwarder-colossus). *FreightWaves*. Retrieved 18 September 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-41)** Jacobsen, Stine; Gronholt-Pedersen, Jacob; More, Rachel (18 September 2024). ["DSV to create global logistics giant with $15.9 billion Schenker takeover"](https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/freight-forwarder-dsv-buys-deutsche-bahns-schenker-159-billion-2024-09-13/). *Reuters*. Retrieved 18 September 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-42)** ["Produktübersicht"](http://www.bahn.de/hilfe/view/pk/de/alle_ergebnisseiten_produktinfo.shtml) on DB AG website

1. **[^](#cite_ref-43)** ["S-Bahn (Germany)"](https://showmethejourney.com/travel-on/train/15-s-bahn-germany/). *ShowMeTheJourney*. Retrieved 20 December 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-44)** ["Regional Tickets"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200121141144/https://www.bahn.com/en/view/offers/regional/regional-day-tickets.shtml?dbkanal_007=L04_S02_D002_KIN0060_NAVIGATION-LINKS-REGIONALE-TICKETS_LZ01). *Deutsche Bahn*. Archived from [the original](https://www.bahn.com/en/view/offers/regional/regional-day-tickets.shtml?dbkanal_007=L04_S02_D002_KIN0060_NAVIGATION-LINKS-REGIONALE-TICKETS_LZ01) on 21 January 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.

## External links

Media related to [Deutsche Bahn](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Deutsche_Bahn) at Wikimedia Commons

- [Official corporate website](https://www.deutschebahn.com/en/group)

- [Official customer website](http://www.bahn.com)

v t e Deutsche Bahn Divisions DB Cargo DB E.C.O. Group DB Engineering & Consulting DB Fernverkehr DB InfraGO DB Netze DB Regio DB Schenker Foreign subsidiaries DB Cargo France DB Cargo Polska DB Cargo UK DB E.C.O. North America Services Call a Bike EuroCity Intercity Express Intercity Interregio-Express Regional-Express Regionalbahn S-Bahn History Deutsche Reichsbahn Deutsche Bundesbahn Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) Former subsidiaries and services Alleo Alliance Rail Holdings Arriva Arriva Buses Wales Arriva Deutschland Arriva Herts & Essex Arriva London Arriva Malta Arriva Max Arriva Midlands Arriva North East Arriva North West Arriva PCC (50%) Arriva Rail London Arriva Rail North Arriva Sapphire Arriva Scotland West Arriva Southern Counties Arriva TrainCare Arriva Trains Wales Arriva Yorkshire Bahn TV Chiltern Railways CityNightLine City Night Line CrossCountry DB AutoZug DB Netz DB ProjektBau DB Reise & Touristik DB Station&Service Etihad Rail DB (49%) Grand Central InterRegio London Overground Rail Operations (50%) Metropolitan Scandlines (50%) The Original Tour Tyne & Wear Metro Wardle Transport Wrexham & Shropshire Yorkshire Tiger Related topics BahnCard Bahntower Rail transport in Germany Category Commons

v t e German railway companies German railway history History of rail transport in Germany History of the railway in Württemberg Länderbahnen German railway companies Deutsche Bahn Deutsche Bundesbahn Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft Länderbahnen Alsace-Lorraine Baden Bavaria Hesse Mecklenburg Oldenburg Palatinate Prussia Saxony Württemberg

v t e National railway companies of Europe List of railway companies Rail transport by country Railway companies by country Abkhazia1 AŽD/AA Albania HSH Armenia1 YuKŽD/HKY Austria ÖBB Azerbaijan1 ADY Belarus BŽD/BČ Belgium NMBS/SNCB Bosnia and Herzegovina ŽFBH2 and ŽRS3 Bulgaria BDŽ Croatia HŽ Czech Republic ČD Denmark DSB Estonia EVR / Elron Finland VR France SNCF Georgia1 GR Germany DB Greece Greek Railways / Hellenic Train Hungary MÁV Ireland IÉ Italy FS Kazakhstan1 KTŽ/QTJ Kosovo Trainkos Latvia LDz / Vivi Lithuania LTG / LTG Link Luxembourg CFL Moldova CFM Montenegro ŽPCG Netherlands NS North Macedonia ŽRSM Norway Vy Poland PKP Portugal CP Romania CFR Russia1 RŽD Serbia ŽS, Srbijavoz Slovakia ŽSSK Slovenia SŽ Spain Renfe Sweden SJ Switzerland SBB CFF FFS Transnistria PŽD/PZ/CFP Turkey1 TCDD Ukraine UZ United Kingdom NR4 and NIR5 1Country partly in Asia 2For the Federation B&H 3For Republika Srpska 4For Great Britain 5For Northern Ireland

v t e German locomotive classification and lists German locomotive classification and numbering German locomotive classification (overview) DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives DRG locomotive classification DRG locomotive types DB locomotive classification DR locomotive classification Lists of German locomotives and railcars Deutsche Reichsbahn Deutsche Bundesbahn Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) Deutsche Bahn AG Lists of Länderbahn (state railway) locomotives and railcars Baden Bavaria Mecklenburg Oldenburg Palatine Prussia Saxony Württemberg Alsace-Lorraine

v t e Classes of German diesel locomotives Deutsche Bundesbahn (pre-1968) see also DB locomotives Köf III V 20 V 29 V 36 V 45 V 50 V 51 V 52 V 60 V 65 V 80 V 88 V 90 V 100 V 160 V 162 V 169 V 188 V 200 V 300 V 320 Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) (pre-1970) see also DR locomotives Kö Köf I Kö II HF 130 C V 15 V 30 C V 36 K V 36 V 60 V 75 V 100 V 180 V 200 Deutsche Bundesbahn (1968–1994) see also DB locomotives 201 202 210 211–214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 230 232 236 240 245 V50 251 252 259 260, 261 265 270 279 280 V88 288 290, 291 299 331, 332, 333, 335 Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) (1970–1994) see also DR locomotives 100.0 100.1–9 101 102.0 102.1 103 105 106 107 108–115 118 119 120 130, 131 132 142 199.0 Kö 199.0–1 199.3 199.8 V 36 K Deutsche Bahn AG (post-1994) see also DBAG locomotives 201–204 210.4 211–214 215 216 217 218 219 220 223 225 226 228 229 232–234 240 241 242 245 and 246 247 (EMD 66) 247 (Vectron) 250 253 259 260 and 261 264 266 275 285 290, 291, 294–296 298 333, 335 344–347 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 760

v t e Classes of German electric locomotives Current class numbering 101 102 103 104 105 109 110 111 112 112 (old) 113 114 114 (old) 115 116 117 118 119 120 127 128 132 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 146.1 146.2 147 150 151 152 152 (DB) 155 156 160 163 169 171 175 180 181 182 182 (old) 183 183 (old) 184 185 186 187 189 190 191 193 193 (old) 194 Pre-1968 class numbering E 03 E 04 E 05 E 10 E 10.12 E 15 E 16 E 17 E 18 E 19 E 21 E 32 E 36 E 40 E 41 E 44 E 50 E 52 E 60 E 61 E 62 E 63 E 69 E 70.2 E 71 E 72 E 73 E 75 E 77 E 79 E 80 E 91 E 91.3 E 92 E 93 E 94 E 95 E 244 E 310 E 320 E 344 E 410 DR classes 204 211 212 218 230 242 243 244 250 251 252 254 Older DR classes E 04 E 05 E 11 E 17 E 18 E 21 E 42 E 44 E 77 E 94 E 95 E 251 see also Category:Deutsche Bundesbahn locomotives, Category:Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) locomotives, Category:Deutsche Bahn locomotives

v t e Classes of German DMUs BR number 601 602 605 608 610 611 612 612 alt 613 613 alt 614 618 624 627 628 629 632 633 633 alt 634 636 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 648 650 660 670 672 675 690 691 692 699 771 772 795 796 797 798 Pre-1968 classes VT 04.0 VT 04.1 VT 04.5 VT 06 VT 07.5 VT 08.5 VT 10.5 VT 11.5 VT 12.5 VT 23.5 VT 24 VT 25.5 VT 30 VT 32 VT 33 VT 36.5 VT 38 VT 45.5 VT 46.5 VT 50 VT 51 VT 60.5 VT 62 VT 63 VT 66 VT 69 VT 70 VT 72 VT 75 VT 78 VT 79 VT 86 VT 88 VT 89 VT 90.5 VT 92.5 VT 95 VT 97 VT 98 Old DRG numbers VT 7 VT 10 VT 20 VT 133 VT 135 VT 137 SVT 137 VT 814 VT 815 SVT 877 DR in the GDR 171 172 173 175 181 183 184 185 186 187 188 VT 2.09 VT 4.12 VT 12.14 VT 18.16 Special trains Flying Hamburger ICE TD Integral TEE Diesel railbuses Esslingen railbus MAN railbus Uerdingen railbus Wismar railbus RegioSprinter

v t e Classes of German EMUs and battery railcars BR number 401 402 403 403 (1973) 406 407 408 410 411 412 415 420 421 422 423 424 425 425 alt 426 426 alt 427 427 alt 428 430 440 442 445 (Meridian) 445 (Stadler KISS) 445/446 (TWINDEXX) 450 462 463 465 485 alt 490 alt 491 Older, pre-1968 classes ET 11 ET 25 ET 26 ET 27 ET 31 ET 41 ET 51 ET 55 ET 65 ET 82 ET 85 ET 90 ET 91 ("Gläserner Zug") Battery railcars 515 517 ETA 150 ETA 176 ETA 178 ETA 179 S-Bahn EMUs Berlin 475 476 477 480 481 482 483 484 485 ET 125 ET 165 ET 166 ET 167 ET 168 ET 169 ET 170 270 Hamburg 470 471 472 473 474 490 ET 99 ET 170 ET 171

Authority control databases International ISNI VIAF GND National United States France BnF data Japan Czech Republic Israel 2 Other IdRef Yale LUX

v t e Members of Star Alliance Current members Founder members Air Canada Lufthansa Thai Airways International United Airlines Full members Aegean Airlines Air China Air India Air New Zealand All Nippon Airways Asiana Airlines Austrian Airlines Avianca Brussels Airlines Copa Airlines Croatia Airlines Egyptair Ethiopian Airlines EVA Air ITA Airways LOT Polish Airlines Shenzhen Airlines Singapore Airlines South African Airways Swiss International Air Lines TAP Air Portugal Turkish Airlines Affiliate members Air Canada Express Jetz Rouge Air India Express Air Japan Air New Zealand Link Airlink ANA Wings AJet Avianca Costa Rica Ecuador El Salvador Express Guatemala Honduras Copa Airlines Colombia Lufthansa Regional Olympic Air TAP Express Uni Air United Express Joint partners Intermodal Deutsche Bahn Connecting Juneyao Air Former members Adria Airways Ansett Australia Blue1 British Midland International Continental Airlines Mexicana de Aviación Scandinavian Airlines Shanghai Airlines Spanair TAM Brasil Paraguay US Airways Varig

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Deutsche Bahn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.