# Desidae

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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desidae
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{{Short description|Family of spiders}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Palaeogene|present}}
| image = Badumna insignis (Black window spider).jpg
| image_caption = ''[Badumna insignis](/source/Badumna_insignis)''
| image2 = Badumna longinqua 571300396.jpg
| image2_caption = ''[Badumna longinqua](/source/Badumna_longinqua)''
| taxon = Desidae
| authority = [Pocock](/source/Reginald_Innes_Pocock), 1895
| diversity = 63 genera, 323 species
| range_map = Desidae range map.svg
| range_map_caption = <span style="color:blue">blue</span>: reported countries ([WSC](/source/World_Spider_Catalog))<br/><span style="color:green">green</span>: observation hotspots ([iNaturalist](/source/iNaturalist))
}}

'''Desidae''' is a family of [spider](/source/spider)s, some of which are known as '''intertidal spiders'''. The family is named for the genus ''[Desis](/source/Desis_(spider))'', members of which inhabit the [intertidal zone](/source/intertidal_zone). The family has been reevaluated in recent years and now includes inland genera and species as well, such as ''[Badumna](/source/Badumna)'' and ''[Phryganoporus](/source/Phryganoporus)''. The vast majority of genera currently included in Desidae are native to [Australia](/source/Australia), [New Zealand](/source/New_Zealand), or [New Caledonia](/source/New_Caledonia), although some are found in other parts of the world.

In 2017, the family Amphinectidae was merged into Desidae and the family [Toxopidae](/source/Toxopidae) was separated from it.<ref name=wheeler /> Those intertidal spiders that are truly marine commonly live in [barnacle](/source/barnacle) shells, which they seal up with silk; this allows them to maintain an air bubble during high tide. They emerge at night to feed on various small [arthropod](/source/arthropod)s that live in the intertidal zone.

==Distribution==
As now [circumscribed](/source/Circumscription_(taxonomy)), the family Desidae is mainly found in [South America](/source/South_America) and [Australasia](/source/Australasia), with some species reaching north to [Malaysia](/source/Malaysia).<ref name=wsc />

''[Metaltella simoni](/source/Metaltella_simoni)'' has been introduced in a large part of the Southern United States (records exist from [California](/source/California), [Louisiana](/source/Louisiana), [Mississippi](/source/Mississippi), and [Florida](/source/Florida)). It is feared that it could [extirpate](/source/Local_extinction) the native [titanoecid](/source/Titanoecidae) species ''[Titanoeca brunnea](/source/Titanoeca_brunnea)''.<ref name=edwards />

==Genera==
{{as of|2026|1}}, this family includes 63 genera and 323 species:<ref name="wsc" />
{{Div col}}
* ''[Akatorea](/source/Akatorea)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – [New Zealand](/source/New_Zealand)
* ''[Amphinecta](/source/Amphinecta)'' <small>[Simon](/source/Eug%C3%A8ne_Simon), 1898</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Austmusia](/source/Austmusia)'' <small>Gray, 1983</small> – [Australia](/source/Australia)
* ''[Badumna](/source/Badumna)'' <small>[Thorell](/source/Tamerlan_Thorell), 1890</small> – [China](/source/China), [Indonesia](/source/Indonesia), Australia. Introduced to [South Africa](/source/South_Africa), [Japan](/source/Japan), [Germany](/source/Germany), [Netherlands](/source/Netherlands), [Mexico](/source/Mexico), [United States](/source/United_States), New Zealand, [Brazil](/source/Brazil), [Uruguay](/source/Uruguay), Britain
* ''[Baiami](/source/Baiami)'' <small>Lehtinen, 1967</small> – Australia
* ''[Bakala](/source/Bakala_(spider))'' <small>Davies, 1990</small> – Australia
* ''[Barahna](/source/Barahna)'' <small>Davies, 2003</small> – Australia
* ''[Buyina](/source/Buyina)'' <small>Davies, 1998</small> – Australia
* ''[Calacadia](/source/Calacadia)'' <small>Exline, 1960</small> – [Chile](/source/Chile)
* ''[Cambridgea](/source/Cambridgea)'' <small>[L. Koch](/source/Ludwig_Carl_Christian_Koch), 1872</small> – [New Caledonia](/source/New_Caledonia), New Zealand
* ''[Canala](/source/Canala)'' <small>Gray, 1992</small> – New Caledonia
* ''[Cedicoides](/source/Cedicoides)'' <small>Charitonov, 1946</small> – [Tajikistan](/source/Tajikistan), [Turkmenistan](/source/Turkmenistan), [Uzbekistan](/source/Uzbekistan)
* ''[Cedicus](/source/Cedicus)'' <small>Simon, 1875</small> – Japan, [Myanmar](/source/Myanmar), [Israel](/source/Israel), [Turkey](/source/Turkey), Eastern Mediterranean, Himalayas
* ''[Cicirra](/source/Cicirra)'' <small>Simon, 1886</small> – Australia
* ''[Colcarteria](/source/Colcarteria)'' <small>Gray, 1992</small> – Australia
* ''[Corasoides](/source/Corasoides)'' <small>[Butler](/source/Arthur_Gardiner_Butler), 1929</small> – Australia, [Papua New Guinea](/source/Papua_New_Guinea)
* ''[Cunnawarra](/source/Cunnawarra)'' <small>Davies, 1998</small> – Australia
* ''[Desis](/source/Desis_(spider))'' <small>[Walckenaer](/source/Charles_Walckenaer), 1837</small> – Eastern Africa, [Namibia](/source/Namibia), South Africa, China, Japan, Indonesia, [Singapore](/source/Singapore), [India](/source/India), Australia, New Caledonia, [New Guinea](/source/New_Guinea), New Zealand, [Samoa](/source/Samoa), [Galapagos](/source/Galapagos)
* ''[Dunstanoides](/source/Dunstanoides)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1989</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Epimecinus](/source/Epimecinus)'' <small>Simon, 1908</small> – Australia, New Caledonia
* ''[Forsterina](/source/Forsterina)'' <small>Lehtinen, 1967</small> – Australia, New Caledonia
* ''[Goyenia](/source/Goyenia)'' <small>Forster, 1970</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Helsonia](/source/Helsonia)'' <small>Forster, 1970</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Holomamoea](/source/Holomamoea)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Huara](/source/Huara)'' <small>Forster, 1964</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Ischalea](/source/Ischalea)'' <small>L. Koch, 1872</small> – [Madagascar](/source/Madagascar), [Mauritius](/source/Mauritius), New Zealand
* ''[Jalkaraburra](/source/Jalkaraburra)'' <small>Davies, 1998</small> – Australia
* ''[Keera](/source/Keera)'' <small>Davies, 1998</small> – Australia
* ''[Lathyarcha](/source/Lathyarcha)'' <small>Simon, 1908</small> – Australia
* ''[Magua](/source/Magua)'' <small>Davies, 1998</small> – Australia
* ''[Makora](/source/Makora)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Mamoea](/source/Mamoea)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Mangareia](/source/Mangareia)'' <small>Forster, 1970</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Maniho](/source/Maniho)'' <small>Marples, 1959</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Manjala](/source/Manjala)'' <small>Davies, 1990</small> – Australia
* ''[Matachia](/source/Matachia)'' <small>[Dalmas](/source/Raymond_Comte_de_Dalmas), 1917</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Mesudus](/source/Mesudus)'' <small>Özdikmen, 2007</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Metaltella](/source/Metaltella)'' <small>[Mello-Leitão](/source/C%C3%A2ndido_Firmino_de_Mello-Leit%C3%A3o), 1931</small> – South America. Introduced to North America
* ''[Namandia](/source/Namandia)'' <small>Lehtinen, 1967</small> – Australia
* ''[Nanocambridgea](/source/Nanocambridgea)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Neororea](/source/Neororea)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Notomatachia](/source/Notomatachia)'' <small>Forster, 1970</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Nuisiana](/source/Nuisiana)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Oparara](/source/Oparara)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Panoa](/source/Panoa)'' <small>Forster, 1970</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Paracedicus](/source/Paracedicus)'' <small>Fet, 1993</small> – [Kazakhstan](/source/Kazakhstan), Turkmenistan, Western Asia
* ''[Paramamoea](/source/Paramamoea)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Paramatachia](/source/Paramatachia)'' <small>Dalmas, 1918</small> – Australia
* ''[Penaoola](/source/Penaoola)'' <small>Davies, 1998</small> – Australia
* ''[Phryganoporus](/source/Phryganoporus)'' <small>Simon, 1908</small> – Australia
* ''[Pitonga](/source/Pitonga_(spider))'' <small>Davies, 1984</small> – Northern Australia
* ''[Poaka](/source/Poaka)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Porteria](/source/Porteria)'' <small>Simon, 1904</small> – Chile
* ''[Quemusia](/source/Quemusia)'' <small>Davies, 1998</small> – Australia
* ''[Rangitata](/source/Rangitata_(spider))'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Rapua](/source/Rapua)'' <small>Forster, 1970</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Reinga](/source/Reinga)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Rorea](/source/Rorea)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Syrorisa](/source/Syrorisa)'' <small>Simon, 1908</small> – Australia, New Caledonia
* ''[Tanganoides](/source/Tanganoides)'' <small>Davies, 2005</small> – Australia
* ''[Taurongia](/source/Taurongia)'' <small>Hogg, 1901</small> – Australia
* ''[Tuakana](/source/Tuakana)'' <small>Forster, 1970</small> – New Zealand
* ''[Waterea](/source/Waterea)'' <small>Forster & Wilton, 1973</small> – New Zealand
{{Div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
  <ref name="wsc">{{cite web | url=https://wsc.nmbe.ch/catalog/26 | title=Family Desidae Pocock, 1895 | publisher=World Spider Catalog | doi=10.24436/2 | accessdate=2026-01-18}}</ref>
  <ref name=edwards>{{cite journal |last1=Edwards |first1=G.B. |title=Cribellate Spider, Metaltella simoni (Keyserling) (Arachnida: Araneae: Amphinectidae) |journal=Extension University of Florida. |date=2005 |issue=EENY-322 |url=https://journals.flvc.org/edis/article/download/114655/109989 |access-date=4 November 2024}}</ref>
  <ref name=wheeler>{{cite journal |last1=Wheeler |first1=Ward C. |last2=Coddington |first2=Jonathan A. |last3=Crowley |first3=Louise M. |last4=Dimitrov |first4=Dimitar |last5=Goloboff |first5=Pablo A. |last6=Griswold |first6=Charles E. |last7=Hormiga |first7=Gustavo |last8=Prendini |first8=Lorenzo |last9=Ramírez |first9=Martín J. |last10=Sierwald |first10=Petra |last11=Almeida-Silva |first11=Lina |last12=Alvarez-Padilla |first12=Fernando |last13=Arnedo |first13=Miquel A. |last14=Benavides Silva |first14=Ligia R. |last15=Benjamin |first15=Suresh P. |last16=Bond |first16=Jason E. |last17=Grismado |first17=Cristian J. |last18=Hasan |first18=Emile |last19=Hedin |first19=Marshal |last20=Izquierdo |first20=Matías A. |last21=Labarque |first21=Facundo M. |last22=Ledford |first22=Joel |last23=Lopardo |first23=Lara |last24=Maddison |first24=Wayne P. |last25=Miller |first25=Jeremy A. |last26=Piacentini |first26=Luis N. |last27=Platnick |first27=Norman I. |last28=Polotow |first28=Daniele |last29=Silva-Dávila |first29=Diana |last30=Scharff |first30=Nikolaj |last31=Szűts |first31=Tamás |last32=Ubick |first32=Darrell |last33=Vink |first33=Cor J. |last34=Wood |first34=Hannah M. |last35=Zhang |first35=Junxia |title=The spider tree of life: phylogeny of Araneae based on target-gene analyses from an extensive taxon sampling |journal=Cladistics |date=December 2017 |volume=33 |issue=6 |pages=574–616 |doi=10.1111/cla.12182 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/cla.12182 |access-date=4 November 2024}}</ref> <!-- wth :D -->
}}

==External links==
* {{inaturalist taxon}}

{{Araneae}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q10038}}
{{Authority control}}

Category:Desidae
Category:Araneomorphae families

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Desidae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desidae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desidae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.