# Der Israelit > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Der_Israelit > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Der_Israelit.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Israelit > Source revision: 1314823639 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|German Jewish publication}} {{Italic title}} {{Infobox newspaper | name = Der Israelit | image = Der Israelit – Über Richard Wagners "Judenthum in der Musik".pdf | caption = 1869 edition of Der Israelit | type = [Weekly newspaper](/source/Weekly_newspaper) | founder = [Marcus Lehmann](/source/Marcus_Lehmann) | founded = 1860 | language = German | ceased_publication = November 3, 1938 (78 years) | publishing_city = [Mainz](/source/Mainz)
[Frankfurt](/source/Frankfurt) | publishing_country = Germany | circulation = 4,050 (maximum circulation) }} '''''Der Israelit''''' was a German [Orthodox Jewish](/source/Orthodox_Jewish) weekly newspaper that circulated from May 15, 1860, until November 3, 1938, when it was [shut down by the Nazi party](/source/Censorship_in_Nazi_Germany).{{Cite book |last=Bleich |first=Judith |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KSPdDwAAQBAJ |title=Defenders of the Faith: Studies in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-?Century Orthodoxy and Reform |date=2020-04-21 |publisher=Academic Studies PRess |isbn=978-1-64469-366-7 |language=en}} == History == The newspaper was initially founded in 1860 in [Mainz](/source/Mainz) by Orthodox rabbi [Marcus Lehmann](/source/Marcus_Lehmann).{{Cite book |last=Bernuth |first=Ruth von|authorlink1= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zkE3EAAAQBAJ |title=Nexus 5: Essays in German Jewish Studies/Moments of Enlightenment: in Memory of Jonathan M. Hess |last2=Downing |first2=Eric |last3=Donahue |first3=William C. |last4=Helfer |first4=Martha B. |date=2021-02-15 |publisher=Boydell & Brewer |isbn=978-1-64014-079-0 |page=88 |language=en}} In 1870, it was merged with Yeshurun, which had been established in 1854. Between 1871 and 1882, a Hebrew translation of it appeared in an appendix of [Ha-Levanon](/source/Ha-Levanon), which at the time was independently published in [Paris](/source/Paris).{{Cite web |last=Gilboa |first=Nocha |title=Lexicon of Hebrew Journalism in the 18th and 19th Centuries |url=http://jnul.huji.ac.il/dl/newspapers/halevanon/html/halevanon.pdf |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609115634/http://jnul.huji.ac.il/dl/newspapers/halevanon/html/halevanon.pdf |archive-date=2016-06-09 |access-date=2024-01-04 |website=jnul.huji.ac.il}} Between 1873 and 1879, a concurrent edition circulated in Yiddish. Following Lehmann's death in 1890, his son, Oscar, inherited the position of editor. In 1906, the publication was moved from Mainz to [Frankfurt](/source/Frankfurt). At the same time, [Jacob Rosenheim](/source/Jacob_Rosenheim) purchased the newspaper and used it to promote [World Agudath Israel](/source/World_Agudath_Israel)'s views on the path of Orthodox Jewry.{{Cite web |title=The Gathering Storm: Jewish Life in Germany and Eastern Europe in the 1930s, Nazi Germany, 1933-1935,, Der Israelit |url=https://exhibits.uflib.ufl.edu/gatheringstorm/israelit.html |access-date=2024-01-04 |website=exhibits.uflib.ufl.edu}} In 1908, Jewish writer [Selig Schachnowitz](/source/Selig_Schachnowitz) was appointed the new editor of the paper.{{Cite book |last=Schachnowitz |first=Selig |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZH8d67h02oQC |title=The Light from the West: The Life and Times of the Chasam Sofer |date=2007 |publisher=Feldheim Publishers |isbn=978-1-58330-926-1 |language=en}} Starting in 1933, ''Der Israelit'' openly reported on Jewish persecution in Nazi Germany, and even reported on information about [Concentration Camps in Nazi Germany](/source/Concentration_Camps_in_Nazi_Germany), including [Osthofen concentration camp](/source/Osthofen_concentration_camp). However, they were prevented from publishing anything that took a critical opinion of the said actions of the regime.{{Cite web |title=Die Synagoge in Osthofen (Landkreis Alzey-Worms) |url=https://www.alemannia-judaica.de/osthofen_synagoge.htm |access-date=2024-01-04 |website=www.alemannia-judaica.de}} Following the publication on November 3, 1938, the paper was shut down by force by the Nazi regime, who banned its distribution in its entirety. == Contents == ''Der Israelit'' was considered "a major organ of Orthodox Judaism" in Germany, and took a traditional and more conservative religious approach, as opposed to the more [Reform Jewish](/source/Reform_Jewish) [Allgemeine Zeitung des Judentums](/source/Allgemeine_Zeitung_des_Judentums), whose denomination and social change it heavily criticized.{{Cite book |last=Reuveni |first=Gideon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CYQaYrWrOHoC |title=The Economy in Jewish History: New Perspectives on the Interrelationship between Ethnicity and Economic Life |last2=Wobick-Segev |first2=Sarah |date=2010-12-01 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-84545-986-4 |page=133 |language=en}} Over time, the paper became one of the most widely circulated spokesmen in Orthodox Jewish journalism in Germany.{{Cite web |last=Wagenseil |first=Kris |date=2015-03-12 |title=Der Israelit. Das Selbstverständnis der Neo-Orthodoxie in der deutsch-jüdischen Presse um 1900 |url=https://www.remid.de/blog/2015/03/der-israelit-das-selbstverstaendnis-der-neo-orthodoxie-in-der-deutsch-juedischen-presse-um-1900/ |access-date=2024-01-04 |website=REMID |language=de-DE}} It featured serialized narrative historicals by Lehmann, designed to attract interest of youth, whilst promoting traditionalism of modern developments and changes to other branches of Judaism. The stories served as a historical mirror of the lives of Central European Jewry in the 19th century. They were collected and published between 1918 and 1976 in a ten-volume series, which has been printed in multiple editions. They were reworked in the 1990s by {{Ill|Rayzel Friedman|he|רייזל פרידמן}} and became popular among [Ultra-Orthodox Jews](/source/Ultra-Orthodox_Jews) when published in [Hamodia](/source/Hamodia).See, for example: Uri Ofer, is Didan really better than Didier? - Reflections on the Initiative to Rewrite the Stories of Grim Lehmann, zt"l, The Informant, 2 Tammuz 5770 (13.7.1990), p. 6; In Yaakov, Criticism of Criticism - Following the Controversy over the Book The Jewish Prince by R. Friedman according to Rabbi M. Lehmann, The Informant, 27 Tammuz 5700 (20.7.1990), p. 6; Michael Zoran, From the Castle to the Beit Midrash, Volume Two of Rabbi Lehmann's Reconstructed Stories by R. Friedman, The Informant, 4 Tevet 5751 (12.21.1990), pp. 6. {{Commons}} == References == == External links == * [https://sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/cm/periodical/titleinfo/2446951 Digitized copies of Der Israelit] at [Goethe University](/source/Goethe_University_Frankfurt) Archives {{Authority control}} Category:1860 establishments in the German Confederation Category:1938 disestablishments in Germany Category:Newspapers published in Germany Category:Jewish German culture Category:Orthodox Judaism in Germany Category:Newspapers established in 1860 Category:Jews and Judaism in Frankfurt Category:Jews and Judaism in Mainz --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Der Israelit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Israelit) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Israelit?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.