# Deoxyribonucleotide

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{{Short description|Component of DNA}}
A '''deoxyribonucleotide''' is a [nucleotide](/source/nucleotide) that contains [deoxyribose](/source/deoxyribose). They are the [monomer](/source/monomer)ic units of the informational [biopolymer](/source/biopolymer), deoxyribonucleic acid ([DNA](/source/DNA)). Each deoxyribonucleotide comprises three parts: a deoxyribose sugar ([monosaccharide](/source/monosaccharide)), a [nitrogenous base](/source/nitrogenous_base), and one [phosphoryl group](/source/phosphoryl_group).<ref>{{cite book |title=Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary |date=2012 |publisher=Saunders/Elsevier |location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-1-4160-6257-8 |page=490 |edition=32nd}}</ref> The nitrogenous bases are either [purine](/source/purine)s or [pyrimidine](/source/pyrimidine)s, [heterocycle](/source/heterocycle)s whose structures support the specific [base-pairing](/source/base-pairing) interactions that allow nucleic acids to carry information. The base is always bonded to the 1'-carbon of the deoxyribose, an analog of [ribose](/source/ribose) in which the [hydroxyl group](/source/hydroxyl_group) of the 2'-carbon is replaced with a hydrogen atom. The third component, the phosphoryl group, attaches to the deoxyribose monomer via the [hydroxyl group](/source/hydroxyl_group) on the 5'-carbon of the sugar.

When deoxyribonucleotides polymerize to form DNA, the phosphate group from one nucleotide will bond to the 3' carbon on another nucleotide, forming a [phosphodiester bond](/source/phosphodiester_bond) via [dehydration synthesis](/source/dehydration_synthesis). New nucleotides are always added to the 3' carbon of the last nucleotide, so synthesis always proceeds from 5' to 3'.

==Deoxyribonucleoside==
Just as a [nucleoside](/source/nucleoside) can be considered as a [nucleotide](/source/nucleotide) without a phosphate group, so too a '''deoxyribonucleoside''' is a deoxyribonucleotide without a phosphate.<ref>{{MeshName|Deoxyribonucleosides}}</ref> An example is [deoxycytidine](/source/deoxycytidine). 

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{MeshName|Deoxyribonucleotides}}

{{Nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides}}

Category:Nucleotides

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Deoxyribonucleotide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoxyribonucleotide) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoxyribonucleotide?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.