# Delta Pavonis

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Delta_Pavonis.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_Pavonis
> Source revision: 1346019542
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Star in the constellation Pavo}}
{{Starbox begin}}
{{Starbox image
 | image=
   {{Location mark
     | image=Pavo constellation map.svg
     | float=center | width=250 | position=right
     | mark=Red circle.svg | mark_width=8 | mark_link=δ Pavonis
     | x%=39.0 | y%=48.0
   }}
 | caption=Location of δ Pavonis (circled)
}}
{{Starbox observe
 | epoch       = J2000
 | constell    = [Pavo](/source/Pavo_(constellation))
 | ra          = {{RA|20|08|43.60887}}<ref name=GaiaDR3/>
 | dec         = {{DEC|−66|10|55.4428}}<ref name=GaiaDR3/>
 | appmag_v    = 3.56<ref name=rob64/>
}}
{{Starbox character
 | type        = [subgiant](/source/subgiant)<ref name=GaiaDR3/>
 | class       = G8&nbsp;IV<ref name=aj132_1_161/>
 | b-v         = 0.76<ref name=rob64/>
 | u-b         = 0.45<ref name="rob64"/>
 | variable    = ''Suspected''<ref name="Ruban2006"/>
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
 | radial_v    = {{val|−23.52|0.81}}<ref name=Bailer2018/>
 | prop_mo_ra  = +1,211.761
 | prop_mo_dec = –1,130.237
 | pm_footnote = <ref name=GaiaDR3/>
 | parallax    = 163.9544
 | p_error     = 0.1222
 | parallax_footnote = <ref name=GaiaDR3/>
 | absmag_v    = 4.62<ref name=cgssn09/>
}}
{{Starbox detail
 | mass        = {{Val|1.07|0.01}}<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025/>
 | radius      = {{val|1.197|0.016}}<ref name=Rains2020/>
 | gravity     = {{val|4.29|0.02}}<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025/>
 | luminosity  = {{val|1.24|0.03}}<ref name=Rains2020/>
 | temperature = {{val|5609|8|fmt=commas}}<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025/>
 | metal_fe    = {{val|0.371|0.008}}<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025/>
 | rotation    = {{val|21.4|9.3}}<ref name=Hojjatpanah2020/> days
 | rotational_velocity = 0.32<ref name=Rains2020/>
 | age_gyr     = {{Val|6.10|0.26|0.25}}<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025/>
}}
{{Starbox catalog
 | names = {{odlist | B=δ Pav | CD=-66&nbsp;2367 | GCTP=4754 | GJ=780 | HD=190248 | HIP=99240 | HR=7665 | LHS=485 | LTT=7946 | LFT=1520 | NSV=12790 | SAO=254733|2MASS=J20084376-6610563}}<ref name="SIMBAD"/>
}}
{{Starbox reference
 | Simbad=Del+Pav
}}
{{Starbox end}}

'''Delta Pavonis''' is a single [star](/source/star)<ref name=Fuhrmann2017/> in the southern [constellation](/source/constellation) of [Pavo](/source/Pavo_(constellation)). Its name is a [Bayer designation](/source/Bayer_designation) that is [Latinized](/source/Romanization_of_Greek) from '''δ Pavonis''', and abbreviated Delta Pav or δ Pav. It has an [apparent visual magnitude](/source/apparent_visual_magnitude) of 3.56,<ref name=SIMBAD/> making it a fourth-magnitude star that is visible to the naked eye from the southern hemisphere. [Parallax](/source/Stellar_parallax) measurements yield an estimated distance of {{Convert|19.89|ly|pc|abbr=off|lk=on}} from [Earth](/source/Earth).<ref name=GaiaDR3/> This makes it one of the [nearest bright stars](/source/List_of_nearest_bright_stars) to the Solar System. It is approaching the Sun with a [radial velocity](/source/radial_velocity) of −23.5&nbsp;km/s, and is predicted to come as close as {{convert|5.4693|pc|ly|1|disp=out|abbr=off}} in around 49,200&nbsp;years.<ref name=Bailer2018/>

==Physical characteristics==
This object is a [subgiant](/source/subgiant) of [spectral type](/source/spectral_type) G8&nbsp;IV; it will stop [fusing](/source/nuclear_fusion) [hydrogen](/source/hydrogen) at its [core](/source/stellar_core) relatively soon, starting the process of becoming a [red giant](/source/red_giant). Hence, Delta Pavonis is 24% brighter than the Sun, but the [effective temperature](/source/effective_temperature) of its [outer atmosphere](/source/stellar_atmosphere) is less: 5,571&nbsp;K.<ref name=Rains2020/> Its mass is 107% of [Sun's mass](/source/solar_mass),<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025/> with a radius 120% of [Sun's radius](/source/solar_radius).<ref name=Rains2020/> Delta Pavonis's surface [convection zone](/source/convection_zone) extends downward to about 43.1% of the star's radius, but only contains 4.8% of the star's mass.<ref name=takeda08/>

Spectroscopic examination of Delta Pavonis shows that it has a higher abundance of elements heavier than [helium](/source/helium) ([metallicity](/source/metallicity)) than does the Sun. This value is typically given in terms of the ratio of [iron](/source/iron) (chemical symbol Fe) to hydrogen (H) in a star's atmosphere, relative to that in Sun's atmosphere (iron being a good proxy for the presence of other heavy elements). The metallicity of Delta Pavonis is approximately

<math display="block">\begin{smallmatrix}\left [ \frac{Fe}{H} \right ]\ =\ 0.371\end{smallmatrix}</math>

This notation gives the [logarithm](/source/logarithm) of the iron-to-hydrogen ratio, relative to that of the Sun, meaning that Delta Pavonis's iron abundance is 235% of that of Sun.<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025/> It is considered super metal-rich, and the high metallicity has slowed its [evolution](/source/stellar_evolution).<ref name=Mello/> Studies have shown a correlation between abundant heavy elements in stars, and the presence of a planetary system,<ref name=aaa458_3/> so Delta Pavonis has a greater than average probability of harboring planets.<ref name=Mello/>

The age of Delta Pavonis is approximately 6.1&nbsp;billion years.<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025/> It has a [projected rotational velocity](/source/projected_rotational_velocity) of 0.32&nbsp;kilometers per second,<ref name=Rains2020/> and is spinning with a period of roughly 21 days, slightly faster than the Sun.<ref name=Hojjatpanah2020/>

==Possible planetary system==
The existence of a Jupiter-mass gas giant on a long-period orbit around Delta Pavonis is suspected, as of 2021, based on [astrometric](/source/astrometry) data.<ref name="MakarovZacharias2021"/> A study in 2023 detected a trend in the star's radial velocity, which may indicate the presence of a planetary companion, supporting the previous astrometric result. Such a planet would, at minimum, orbit with a period of 37 years at a distance of {{val|11.1|ul=AU}}, and have a mass at least {{val|69|ul=Earth mass}} ({{Jupiter mass|0.22|link=y}}).<ref name="Laliotis2023"/>

{{OrbitboxPlanet begin|name = Delta Pavonis|table_ref=<ref name="Laliotis2023"/>}}
{{Orbitbox planet hypothetical
| exoplanet = 
| mass_earth = ≥69
| semimajor = ≥11.1
| period = ≥13,500
| eccentricity = 
| inclination = 
}}
{{Orbitbox end}}

==SETI==
Delta Pavonis has been identified by Maggie Turnbull and [Jill Tarter](/source/Jill_Tarter) of the [SETI Institute](/source/SETI_Institute) as the "Best [SETI](/source/SETI) target" among the  100 closest [G-type star](/source/G-type_star)s. Properties in its favor include a high metallicity, minimal level of [magnetic activity](/source/stellar_magnetic_field), low rotation rate, and kinematic membership in the [thin disk population](/source/thin_disk_population) of the [Milky Way](/source/Milky_Way). [Gas giant](/source/Gas_giant)s orbiting in, near, or through a star's [habitable zone](/source/habitable_zone) may destabilize the orbits of terrestrial planets in that zone; the lack of detected [radial velocity](/source/radial_velocity) variation suggests that there are no such gas giants orbiting Delta Pavonis. However, observation has detected no artificial radio sources.<ref name=apj149_2/> Delta Pavonis, a close [photometric](/source/Photometry_(astronomy)) match to the Sun, is the nearest [solar analog](/source/solar_analog) that is not a member of a binary or multiple [star system](/source/star_system).<ref name=Mello/>

==McLeish's object==
As seen from [Earth](/source/Earth), Delta Pavonis is located slightly northwest of '''McLeish's object''', an elongated galaxy which received catalog number PGC 64180 (LEDA 64180).<ref name="Díaz2000"/><ref>{{cite simbad |title=LEDA 64180}}</ref>

==See also==
* [List of nearest G-type stars](/source/List_of_nearest_stars_by_spectral_type)

==References==
<references>
<ref name=GaiaDR3>{{Cite Gaia DR3|6427464123776727168}}</ref>

<ref name=Fuhrmann2017>{{cite journal
 | title=Multiplicity among Solar-type Stars
 | last1=Fuhrmann | first1=K. | last2=Chini | first2=R.
 | last3=Kaderhandt | first3=L. | last4=Chen | first4=Z.
 | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal
 | volume=836 | issue=1 | id=139 | page=23 | date=February 2017
 | bibcode=2017ApJ...836..139F | doi=10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/139 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=Bailer2018>{{cite journal
 | title=New stellar encounters discovered in the second Gaia data release
 | last1=Bailer-Jones | first1=C.A.L. | last2=Rybizki | first2=J 
 | last3=Andrae | first3=R. | last4=Fouesnea | first4=M.
 | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
 | volume=616 | pages=A37 | date=2018
 | arxiv=1805.07581 | bibcode=2018A&A...616A..37B
 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201833456 | s2cid=56269929 }}</ref>

<ref name=Rains2020>{{cite journal
 | title=Precision angular diameters for 16 southern stars with VLTI/PIONIER
 | display-authors=1 | last1=Rains | first1=Adam D.
 | last2=Ireland | first2=Michael J. | last3=White | first3=Timothy R.
 | last4=Casagrande | first4=Luca | last5=Karovicova | first5=I.
 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
 | volume=493 | issue=2 | pages=2377–2394 | date=April 2020
 | arxiv=2004.02343 | bibcode=2020MNRAS.493.2377R 
 | doi=10.1093/mnras/staa282 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=Hojjatpanah2020>{{Cite journal |last=Hojjatpanah |first=S. |last2=Oshagh |first2=M. |last3=Figueira |first3=P. |last4=Santos |first4=N. C. |last5=Amazo-Gómez |first5=E. M. |last6=Sousa |first6=S. G. |last7=Adibekyan |first7=V. |last8=Akinsanmi |first8=B. |last9=Demangeon |first9=O. |last10=Faria |first10=J. |last11=Silva |first11=J. Gomes da |last12=Meunier |first12=N. |date=2020-07-01 |title=The correlation between photometric variability and radial velocity jitter - Based on TESS and HARPS observations |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |language=en |volume=639 |pages=A35 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202038035 |issn=0004-6361}}</ref>

<ref name=Carvalho-Silva2025>{{Cite journal |last1=Carvalho-Silva |first1=Gabriela |last2=Meléndez |first2=Jorge |last3=Rathsam |first3=Anne |last4=Shejeelammal |first4=J. |last5=Martos |first5=Giulia |last6=Lorenzo-Oliveira |first6=Diego |last7=Spina |first7=Lorenzo |last8=Ribeiro Alves |first8=Débora |date=April 2025 |title=A New Age–Activity Relation For Solar Analogs that Accounts for Metallicity |journal=[The Astrophysical Journal Letters](/source/The_Astrophysical_Journal_Letters) |language=en |volume=983 |issue=2 |pages=L31 |doi=10.3847/2041-8213/adc382 |doi-access=free |arxiv=2504.17482 |bibcode=2025ApJ...983L..31C  |issn=2041-8205}}</ref>

<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite web | url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=HD+190248 | title=NSV 12790 -- Variable Star | work=SIMBAD | publisher=[Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg](/source/Centre_de_Donn%C3%A9es_astronomiques_de_Strasbourg) | access-date=2009-08-21 }}</ref>

<ref name=rob64>{{cite journal | first=A. W. J. | last=Cousins |author2=Stoy, R. H. | title=Photoelectric magnitudes and colours of Southern stars | journal=Royal Observatory Bulletin | year=1962 | volume=64 | pages=103–248 |bibcode = 1962RGOB...64..103C }}</ref>

<ref name=takeda08>{{cite journal |author1=Takeda, G. |author2=Ford, E. B. |author3=Sills, A. |author4=Rasio, F. A. |author5=Fischer, D. A. |author6=Valenti, J. A.  | title=Stellar parameters of nearby cool stars (Takeda+, 2007) |date=November 2008 | bibcode=2008yCat..21680297T | volume=216 | article-number=80297 | journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog |doi=10.26093/cds/vizier.21680297 |id= J/ApJS/168/297. Originally Published in: 2007ApJS..168..297T }}</ref>

<ref name=aaa458_3>{{cite journal | author=Sousa, S.G. | title=Spectroscopic parameters for a sample of metal-rich solar-type stars | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | year=2006 | volume=458 | issue=3 | pages=873–880 | bibcode=2006A&A...458..873S | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20065658 | display-authors=1 | last2=Santos | first2=N. C. | last3=Israelian | first3=G. | last4=Mayor | first4=M. | last5=Monteiro | first5=M. J. P. F. G. | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=apj149_2>{{cite journal |author1=M.C. Turnbull |author2=J.C. Tarter | title=Target Selection for SETI. II. Tycho-2 Dwarfs, Old Open Clusters, and the Nearest 100 Stars | journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series | year=2003 | volume=149 | issue=2 | pages=423–436 | bibcode=2003ApJS..149..423T | doi=10.1086/379320 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=Mello>{{cite journal |author=G. F. Porto de Mello |author2=E. F. del Peloso |author3=L. Ghezzi | title=Astrobiologically interesting stars within 10 parsecs of the Sun | journal=Astrobiology | year=2006 | volume=6 | issue=2 | pages=308–331 | doi= 10.1089/ast.2006.6.308 | pmid=16689649 | arxiv=astro-ph/0511180 | bibcode=2006AsBio...6..308P|s2cid=119459291 }}</ref>

<ref name=aj132_1_161>{{cite journal
 | display-authors=1
 | last1=Gray | first1=R. O.
 | last2=Corbally | first2=C. J.
 | last3=Garrison | first3=R. F.
 | last4=McFadden | first4=M. T.
 | last5=Bubar | first5=E. J.
 | last6=McGahee | first6=C. E.
 | last7=O'Donoghue | first7=A. A.
 | last8=Knox | first8=E. R.
 | title=Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: spectroscopy of stars earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample
 | journal=[The Astronomical Journal](/source/The_Astronomical_Journal)
 | volume=132 | issue=1 | pages=161–170 | date=July 2006
 | doi=10.1086/504637
 | bibcode=2006AJ....132..161G
 | arxiv=astro-ph/0603770
 | s2cid=119476992 
}}</ref>

<ref name=cgssn09>{{cite journal
 | last1=Holmberg | first1=J.
 | last2=Nordström | first2=B.
 | last3=Andersen | first3=J.
 | title=The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics
 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
 | volume=501 | issue=3 |date=July 2009 | pages=941–947
 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200811191
 | bibcode=2009A&A...501..941H
 | arxiv=0811.3982
 | s2cid=118577511
}}</ref>

<ref name="Ruban2006">{{cite journal
 | display-authors=1
 | last1=Ruban | first1=E. V.
 | last2=Alekseeva | first2=G. A.
 | last3=Arkharov | first3=A. A.
 | last4=Hagen-Thorn | first4=E. I.
 | last5=Galkin | first5=V. D.
 | last6=Nikanorova | first6=I. N.
 | last7=Novikov | first7=V. V.
 | last8=Pakhomov | first8=V. P.
 | last9=Puzakova | first9=T. Yu. 
 | title=Spectrophotometric observations of variable stars 
 | journal=Astronomy Letters
 | volume=32 | issue=9 | pages=604–607 | date=September 2006
 | doi=10.1134/S1063773706090052 
 | bibcode=2006AstL...32..604R 
 | s2cid=121747360 }}</ref>

<ref name="MakarovZacharias2021">{{cite journal
 | title=Looking for Astrometric Signals below 20 m/s: A Candidate Exo-Jupiter in δ Pav
 | last1=Makarov | first1=Valeri V. | last2=Zacharias | first2=Norbert
 | last3=Finch | first3=Charles T. | display-authors=1
 | journal=Research Notes of the AAS
 | volume=5|issue=5|year=2021|page=108
 | issn=2515-5172 | doi=10.3847/2515-5172/abfec9 | doi-access=free
 | arxiv=2105.03244 | bibcode=2021RNAAS...5..108M}}</ref>

<ref name="Laliotis2023">{{cite journal |last1=Laliotis |first1=Katherine |last2=Burt |first2=Jennifer A. |display-authors=etal |date=February 2023 |title=Doppler Constraints on Planetary Companions to Nearby Sun-like Stars: An Archival Radial Velocity Survey of Southern Targets for Proposed NASA Direct Imaging Missions |journal=[The Astronomical Journal](/source/The_Astronomical_Journal) |volume=165 |issue=4 |page=176 |doi=10.3847/1538-3881/acc067 |doi-access=free |arxiv=2302.10310 |bibcode=2023AJ....165..176L |s2cid=257050346 }}</ref>

<ref name="Díaz2000">{{cite journal |last1=Díaz |first1=R. |last2=Rodrigues |first2=I. |last3=Dottori |first3=H. |last4=Carranza |first4=G. |date=January 2000 |title=Study of MCLeish's Interacting Object |journal=[The Astronomical Journal](/source/The_Astronomical_Journal) |volume=119 |issue=1 |pages=111-118 |doi=10.1086/301165 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2000AJ....119..111D}}</ref>
</references> <!-- END: refs= -->

==Further reading==
{{Div col|small=yes}}
*{{citation | postscript=.
 | title=The carbon abundance and colours of Delta Pavonis
 | last=Bell | first=R. A.
 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
 | volume=162 | page=37 | year=1973
 | doi=10.1093/mnras/162.1.37 | bibcode=1973MNRAS.162...37B | doi-access=free}}
*{{citation | postscript=.
 | title=The composition of delta Pavonis
 | display-authors=1 | last1=Harmer | first1=D. L.
 | last2=Pagel | first2=B. E. J. | last3=Powell | first3=A. L. T.
 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
 | volume=150 | page=409 | year=1970
 | doi=10.1093/mnras/150.4.409 | bibcode=1970MNRAS.150..409H | doi-access=free }}
*{{citation | postscript=.
 | title=The composition and age of δ Pavonis
 | last=Rodgers | first=A. W.
 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
 | volume=145 | page=151 | year=1969
 | issue=2
 | doi=10.1093/mnras/145.2.151 | bibcode=1969MNRAS.145..151R | doi-access=free}}
{{Div col end}}

==External links==
* {{cite web
 | title=Delta Pavonis
 | work=SolStation
 | url=http://www.solstation.com/stars/dpavonis.htm
 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000824113722/http://www.solstation.com/stars/dpavonis.htm
 | url-status=dead
 | archive-date=August 24, 2000
 | access-date=November 3, 2005
}}

{{Nearest systems|3}}
{{Sky|20|08|43.6084|-|66|10|55.446|19.89}}
{{Stars of Pavo}}

<!-- Properties -->
Category:G-type subgiants
Pavonis, Delta
Category:Suspected variables
Category:Hypothetical planetary systems
Category:Population I stars
<!-- Location/catalogues -->
Category:Pavo (constellation)
Pavonis, Delta
7665
CD-66 2367
0780
190248
099240

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Delta Pavonis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_Pavonis) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_Pavonis?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.