# Delphi Inscription

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Collection of letter fragments written by Claudius

Delphi museum - Fragment with the name ΓΑΛΛίΩΝ

The **Delphi Inscription**, or **Gallio Inscription** ([*Fouilles de Delphes* III 4:286](https://epigraphy.packhum.org/text/240470); SIG, [II, 801d](https://archive.org/stream/syllogeinscripti02dittuoft#page/492/mode/2up)),[1] is the name given to the collection of nine fragments of a letter written by the Roman emperor [Claudius](/source/Claudius) in 52 [CE](/source/Common_Era) which was discovered early in the 20th century at the [Temple of Apollo](/source/Temple_of_Apollo_(Delphi)) in [Delphi](/source/Delphi), [Greece](/source/Greece).[2][3]

## Text

The reconstructed inscription begins thus:

- Tiber[ius Claudius Cae]sar Augustus Ge[rmanicus, invested with tribunician po]wer [for the 12th time, acclaimed Imperator for t]he 26th time, F[ather of the Fa]ther[land...]. For a l[ong time have I been not onl]y [well-disposed towards t]he ci[ty] of Delph[i, but also solicitous for its pro]sperity, and I have always guard[ed th]e cul[t of t]he [Pythian] Apol[lo. But] now [since] it is said to be desti[tu]te of [citi]zens, as [L. Jun]ius Gallio, my fri[end] an[d procon]sul, [recently reported to me, and being desirous that Delphi] should retain [inta]ct its for[mer rank, I] ord[er you (pl.) to in]vite well-born people also from [ot]her cities [to Delphi as new inhabitants....][4]

The reference to [proconsul](/source/Proconsul) [Gallio](/source/Junius_Annaeus_Gallio) in the inscription provides an important marker for developing a chronology of the life of [Apostle Paul](/source/Apostle_Paul), since he presides over the trial of Paul in [Achaea](/source/Achaea) mentioned in [the Acts of the Apostles](/source/Acts_18%3A12) ([Acts 18](/source/Acts_18):12-17).[5][6]

## See also

- [Chronology of Jesus](/source/Chronology_of_Jesus)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [The Gallio Inscription](http://users.wfu.edu/horton/r102/gallio.html#_ftn3) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20131219213833/http://users.wfu.edu/horton/r102/gallio.html#_ftn3) 2013-12-19 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) at [http://users.wfu.edu](http://users.wfu.edu)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** *Paul: his letters and his theology* by Stanley B. Marrow 1986 [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8091-2744-X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8091-2744-X) page 47 [\[1\]](https://archive.org/details/paulhislettershi00marr/page/47)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** *Christianity and the Roman Empire: background texts* by Ralph Martin Novak 2001 [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-56338-347-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56338-347-0) pages 20-22

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, *St. Paul's Corinth: Text and Archaeology* (Liturgical Press, 2002) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780814653036](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814653036) p.141-142.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** A. Köstenberger, *The Cradle, the Cross, and the Crown: An Introduction to the New Testament*, 2009 [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8054-4365-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8054-4365-3) page 400

1. **[^](#cite_ref-CCPaul20_6-0)** *The Cambridge Companion to St Paul* by James D. G. Dunn (Nov 10, 2003) Cambridge Univ Press [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0521786940](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521786940) page 20

## Bibliography

- Plassatt, Andre (1970). [*Fouilles de Delphes, III. Épigraphie: Fasc. 4, Inscriptions de la terrasse du temple et la région nord du sanctuaire, vol. 3*](https://epigraphy.packhum.org/text/240470). Paris. pp. 26–32, no. 286.{{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher))

- Novak, Ralph Martin (2001). [*Christianity and the Roman Empire: Background Texts*](https://books.google.com/books?id=LuhZyh1_j6oC). Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 20–22. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-56338-347-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56338-347-2).

- Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome (2002). [*St. Paul's Corinth: Text and Archaeology*](https://books.google.com/books?id=j8QPUES_C34C). Liturgical Press. pp. 161–169. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8146-5303-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8146-5303-6).

- Köstenberger; Andreas J.; L. Scott Kellum & Charles Quarles (2009). [*The Cradle, the Cross, and the Crown: An Introduction to the New Testament*](https://books.google.com/books?id=g-MG9sFLAz0C). B&H Publishing Group. p. 400. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8054-4365-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8054-4365-3).

## External links

- ["Entry on the Delphi inscription"](https://edh.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/edh/inschrift/HD043294). *Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg*. Retrieved 17 October 2023.

- ["The Gallio Inscription (a.k.a. Delphi Inscription). Greek text and English translation"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110518174141/http://kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/greek/gallio.html). Archived from [the original](http://kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/greek/gallio.html) on 2011-05-18.

- [Timeline of the Apostle Paul](https://www.blueletterbible.org/study/paul/timeline.cfm)

v t e Delphi Site Temples Temple of Apollo Temple of Athena Pronaia Tholos of Delphi Treasuries Athenian Treasury Boeotian Treasury Cnidian Treasury Megarian Treasury Sicyonian Treasury Siphnian Treasury Theban Treasury Treasury of Cyrene Treasury of the Acanthians Treasury of the Massaliots Monuments Altar of the Chians Bull of the Corcyreans Craterus' ex voto Ex voto of Daochos Ex voto of the Arcadians Ex voto of the Attalids Ex voto of the Lacaedemonians Ex voto of the Tarentines Ex votos of the Argives Monument of Aemilius Paullus Monument of Prusias II Omphalos of Delphi Serpent Column Stele of the Labyadai Public spaces Gymnasium at Delphi Halos (Delphi) Hyampeia Lesche of the Knidians Palaestra at Delphi Portico of the Aetolians Stadium of Delphi Stoa of the Athenians Natural features Castalian Spring Phaedriades Sibyl rock Cult and traditions Oracle of Delphi Pythia Delphic Sibyl Pherenikos Promanteia Pythaïs Pythian Games Artifacts Charioteer of Delphi Chryselephantine statues Dancers of Delphi Delphi Inscription Ex voto of Daochos Korai of Ionia Mycenaean figurine on tripod Omphalos of Delphi Pair of athletes Silver Bull of Delphi Sphinx of Naxos Statue of Antinous People Hegesander (historian) Phemonoe Themistoclea Timasitheus of Delphi Xenoclea In fiction Andromache (play) Civilization (video game) Delphica Diogenes or on Servants Hojang Taret Indiana Jones and the Peril at Delphi Ion (play) The Labourers of Herakles Oedipus Rex The Oracle at Delphi The Phoenician Women Plutus (play) Modern Delphi Delphi (modern town) Delphi Archaeological Museum European Cultural Centre of Delphi First Delphic Festival Second Delphic Festival Related articles Amphictyonic league First Sacred War Second Sacred War Third Sacred War Delphos gown Delphus Excavations at Delphi Kastri, Phocis Know thyself Pausanias' description of Delphi Python (mythology) Category

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Delphi Inscription](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphi_Inscription) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphi_Inscription?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.