# Daulis

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Town of ancient Phocis

"Daulia" redirects here. For the genus of moths, see [Daulia (moth)](/source/Daulia_(moth)).

[38°30′24″N 22°43′45″E / 38.50665°N 22.72926°E / 38.50665; 22.72926](https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Daulis&params=38.50665_N_22.72926_E_source:http://dare.ht.lu.se/places/22816.html)

Ruins of Daulis as of 1887.

**Daulis** ([Ancient Greek](/source/Ancient_Greek_language): Δαυλίς), at a later time **Daulia** (Δαυλία),[1] and also **Daulium** or **Daulion** (Δαύλιον),[2] was a town of [ancient Phocis](/source/Ancient_Phocis), near the frontiers of [Boeotia](/source/Ancient_Boeotia), and on the road from [Orchomenus](/source/Orchomenus_(Boeotia)) and [Chaeroneia](/source/Chaeroneia) to [Delphi](/source/Delphi).

## Overview

It is said to have derived its name from the woody character of the district, since δαυλός was used by the inhabitants instead of δαλός, while others sought for the origin of the name in the mythical nymph [Daulis](/source/Daulis_(mythology)), a daughter of [Cephissus](/source/Cephissus_(mythology)).[1][3] Daulis is mentioned by [Homer](/source/Homer) as a Phocian town along with [Crissa](/source/Crissa) and [Panopeus](/source/Panopeus) in the [Catalogue of Ships](/source/Catalogue_of_Ships) in the *[Iliad](/source/Iliad)*.[4] It is celebrated in mythology as the residence of the [Thracian](/source/Ancient_Thrace) king, [Tereus](/source/Tereus), who married [Procne](/source/Procne), the daughter of [Pandion](/source/Pandion_I), king of [ancient Athens](/source/Ancient_Athens), and as the scene of those horrible deeds in consequence of which Procne was changed into a swallow, and her sister [Philomela](/source/Philomela) into a nightingale. Hence the latter was called by the poets the Daulian bird.[5][3] The woody district round the town is still a favourite haunt of the nightingale.

During the [Greco-Persian Wars](/source/Greco-Persian_Wars), Daulis was destroyed by the [Persians](/source/Ancient_Persia) in the invasion of [Xerxes I](/source/Xerxes_I) (480 BCE).[6] Its territory was sacked by the [Boeotians](/source/Boeotians), who however were unsuccessful in their attempt to assault the city.[7] It was destroyed a second time by [Philip II of Macedon](/source/Philip_II_of_Macedon), at the end of the [Third Sacred War](/source/Third_Sacred_War) (346 BCE);[8] but it was subsequently rebuilt, and is mentioned in later times as a town almost impregnable in consequence of its situation upon a lofty hill.[9] In c. 228-224 BCE, Daulis was attacked by the [Aetolians](/source/Aetolians), like the city of [Ambrysus](/source/Ambrysus_(Phocis)).[10][11] In 198 BCE, the [Romans](/source/Roman_Greece) besieged Daulis but, not being able to take it by direct assault since the city had a very strong position on the top of a hill, they had to occupy it by a stratagem.[12] [Pausanias](/source/Pausanias_(geographer)) relates that the inhabitants of Daulis were few in number, but surpassed all the other Phocians in stature and strength. The only building in the town mentioned by him was a temple of [Athena](/source/Athena); but in the neighbourhood he speaks of a district called [Tronis](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tronis&action=edit&redlink=1), in which was the chapel of a hero ([heroon](/source/Heroon)) called the [Archegetes](/source/Archegetes).[13]

The name of Daulis is still preserved in that of the modern village of [Davleia](/source/Davleia), situated in a narrow valley, through which flows a branch of the [Cephissus](/source/Cephissus_(Boeotia)) (Platania). The walls of the [acropolis](/source/Acropolis) may be traced on the summit of the height rising opposite the modern village, and connected with the foot of Parnassus by a narrow isthmus. Within the enclosure is an ancient church of St. Theodore. Here an inscription has been found in which mention is made of the worship of [Athena Polias](/source/Athena) and of [Serapis](/source/Serapis). Before the door of the church in the modern village is another ancient inscription, of considerable length, recording an arbitration made at Chaeroneia in the reign of [Hadrian](/source/Hadrian), concerning certain property in Daulis. In this inscription we read of "a road leading to the Archagetes," which is evidently the chapel of the hero spoken of by Pausanias. One of the plots of land in the inscription is called Platanus, from which probably comes the name of the river Platania.

## Bishopric

Daulis was, at the end of antiquity, the seat of a bishopric. It was created late, perhaps to replace that of [Elateia](/source/Elateia), at a time when the Greeks retreated to the south, due to the Slavic invasion.[14] This bishopric was [suffragan](/source/Suffragan) of Athens.

No longer a resident bishop of the [Roman Catholic Church](/source/Roman_Catholic_Church), Daulis remains a [titular see](/source/Titular_see).[15]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Strabo_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Strabo_1-1) [Strabo](/source/Strabo). *[Geographica](/source/Geographica)*. Vol. ix. p.423. Page numbers refer to those of [Isaac Casaubon](/source/Isaac_Casaubon)'s edition.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** [Polybius](/source/Polybius). *[The Histories](/source/The_Histories_(Polybius))*. Vol. 4.25.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Pausanias_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Pausanias_3-1) [Pausanias](/source/Pausanias_(geographer)) (1918). ["4.7"](https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=paus.+10.4.7). *Description of Greece*. Vol. 10. Translated by [W. H. S. Jones](/source/W._H._S._Jones); H. A. Ormerod. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann – via [Perseus Digital Library](/source/Perseus_Digital_Library).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [Homer](/source/Homer). *[Iliad](/source/Iliad)*. Vol. 2.520.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** [Thucydides](/source/Thucydides). *[History of the Peloponnesian War](/source/History_of_the_Peloponnesian_War)*. Vol. 2.29.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [Herodotus](/source/Herodotus). *[Histories](/source/Histories_(Herodotus))*. Vol. 8.35.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** *[Hellenica Oxyrhynchia](/source/Hellenica_Oxyrhynchia)* 21.5.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** [Pausanias](/source/Pausanias_(geographer)) (1918). ["3.1"](https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=paus.+10.3.1). *Description of Greece*. Vol. 10. Translated by [W. H. S. Jones](/source/W._H._S._Jones); H. A. Ormerod. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann – via [Perseus Digital Library](/source/Perseus_Digital_Library).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** "Daulis, quia in tumulo excelso sita est, nec scalis nec operibus capi poterat," [Livy](/source/Livy). *[Ab urbe condita Libri](/source/Ab_urbe_condita_(Livy))* [*History of Rome*]. Vol. 32.18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** [Polybius](/source/Polybius). *[The Histories](/source/The_Histories_(Polybius))*. Vol. 4.25.2.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Manuel Balasch Recort (1991). *Polybius,*Stories: books I- IV. Madrid: Gredos. pp. 447, n. 62. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [84-249-0082-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-249-0082-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** [Livy](/source/Livy). *[Ab urbe condita Libri](/source/Ab_urbe_condita_(Livy))* [*History of Rome*]. Vol. 32.18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** [Pausanias](/source/Pausanias_(geographer)) (1918). ["4.7"](https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=paus.+10.4.7). *Description of Greece*. Vol. 10. Translated by [W. H. S. Jones](/source/W._H._S._Jones); H. A. Ormerod. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann – via [Perseus Digital Library](/source/Perseus_Digital_Library). *et seq.*

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** This see is not mentioned in a list dating from 458. Louis Duchesne (1895). "Les anciens évêchés de la Grèce (The ancient bishoprics of Greece)". *Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire (Mixture of archaeology and history)*. **15**: 375–385.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** [http:// www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d2d19.html catholic-hierarchy.org]

- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the [public domain](/source/Public_domain): [Smith, William](/source/William_Smith_(lexicographer)), ed. (1854–1857). "Daulis". *[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography](/source/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Geography)*. London: John Murray.

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