# Darugha

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{{Short description|Territorial subdivision in the Mongol Empire}}{{Italic title}}
'''''Darugha''''' ({{langx|ba|даруга}}, {{langx|tt-Cyrl|даруга|translit=daruğa}}, from [Mongol](/source/Mongolian_language): ''daru-'', 'to press, to seal'<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ergene|first1=Boğaç A.|title=Judicial Practice: Institutions and Agents in the Islamic World|date=2009|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-9-00417-934-9|page=271|quote=Darugha - the word is derived from the Mongol daru-, 'to press, to seal' and was used to denote a chief in the Mongol feudal hierarchy (...)}}</ref>) was a territorial subdivision in the [Mongol Empire](/source/Mongol_Empire). A ''darugha'' was ruled by a ''[darughachi](/source/darughachi)''.

==History==
It was a territorial subdivision in the [Mongol Empire](/source/Mongol_Empire).

Later, the term was used for the province, particularly in [Kazan](/source/Kazan_Khanate) and the [Siberian Khanate](/source/Siberian_Khanate)s in the 15th and 16th centuries. It was used in the Turkic-populated parts of the [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire) in the 16th to 18th centuries.<ref>{{TES|Даруга}}</ref> In [Safavid Iran](/source/Safavid_Iran), it was a title meaning ''[prefect](/source/prefect)''.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Mikaberidze|first1=Alexander|title=Historical Dictionary of Georgia|date=2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-44224-146-6|page=95}}</ref> One of the many Safavid ''darughas'' was [Mirman Mirimanidze](/source/Mirman_Mirimanidze).

In 1762, the [Bashkir people](/source/Bashkir_people) controlled the Kazan, Nogai, Osin and Siberian ''darughas''.<ref>Rychkov Petr Ivanovich: "Topography of Orenburg" Russia St. Petersburg, 1762 page 93</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable ([WP:NOTRS](/source/WP%3ANOTRS)).|date=April 2024}}

In the [Mughal Empire](/source/Mughal_Empire), a ''[daroga](/source/daroga)'' was the title of a district police officer. This title was kept until the 20th century during the [British Raj](/source/British_Raj).
thumb|Daruga Khanate of Kazan

In the [Kazan Khanate](/source/Kazan_Khanate), there were five darugs:

* Galician Daruga - (trade route to the [Russians](/source/Russians))
* Alat Daruga - (trade route to the [Cheremis Mari](/source/Cheremis))
* Arskaya Daruga - (trade route to the [Ars Udmurts](/source/Udmurts))
* Zureya Daruga - (trade route to the [Bulgar Chuvash](/source/Chuvash_people))
* Nogai Daruga - (trade route to the [Kipchaks](/source/Kipchaks), [Bashkir](/source/Bashkirs) and [Nogay](/source/Nogais))

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite Efron|Дарога или Даруга}}

{{Mongol Empire}}

Category:Government of Safavid Iran
Category:Mongol Empire
Category:Types of administrative division

{{Mongol-Empire-stub}}
{{Russia-hist-stub}}
{{Iran-hist-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Darugha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darugha) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darugha?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.