# Cystotheca

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***Cystotheca*** is a genus of [plant pathogenic](/source/Plant_disease) [fungi](/source/Fungus) in the family [Erysiphaceae](/source/Erysiphaceae) (powdery mildews). Members of the genus are found on *[Calophyllum](/source/Calophyllum)*, *[Castanea](/source/Chestnut)*, *[Castanopsis](/source/Castanopsis)*, *[Murraya](/source/Murraya)* and *[Quercus](/source/Oak)* species in [Asia](/source/Asia) and [North America](/source/North_America).

## Description

Many *Cystotheca* species form dense, white or brown, distorting patches on the leaves of their [hosts](/source/Host_(biology)). Some species in this genus are also known to cause [witch's-broom galls](/source/Witch's_broom).[1] The distribution of this genus is limited to [Asia](/source/Asia) (from the [Himalayas](/source/Himalayas) to [Indonesia](/source/Indonesia) and [Japan](/source/Japan)) and [North America](/source/North_America) (western [United States](/source/United_States) to southern [Central America](/source/Central_America)). Only *[Cystotheca lanestris](/source/Cystotheca_lanestris)* and *[Cystotheca mexicana](/source/Cystotheca_mexicana)* are not found in Asia.[1]

## Taxonomy

The genus was once considered conspecific with *Sphaerotheca*, but *Cystotheca* is well-distinguished by the presence of special aerial [hyphae](/source/Hypha) (with the exception of one species) and the chasmothecial wall being separated into two distinct layers. *Cystotheca* is phylogenetically close to *[Podosphaera](/source/Podosphaera)*.[2]

## Species

The genus comprises the following species:[1][2]

- *[Cystotheca castanopsidis](/source/Cystotheca_castanopsidis)*
- *[Cystotheca esetacea](/source/Cystotheca_esetacea)*
- *[Cystotheca indica](/source/Cystotheca_indica)*
- *[Cystotheca kusanoi](/source/Cystotheca_kusanoi)*
- *[Cystotheca lanestris](/source/Cystotheca_lanestris)*
- *[Cystotheca mexicana](/source/Cystotheca_mexicana)*
- *[Cystotheca nanyuensis](/source/Cystotheca_nanyuensis)*
- *[Cystotheca quercina](/source/Cystotheca_quercina)*
- *[Cystotheca tjibodensis](/source/Cystotheca_tjibodensis)*
- *[Cystotheca vignae](/source/Cystotheca_vignae)*
- *[Cystotheca wrightii](/source/Cystotheca_wrightii)*
- *[Setoidium murrayae](/source/Setoidium_murrayae)*

## References

1. Bradshaw, Michael; Braun, Uwe; Quijada, Luis; Coombes, Allen J.; Contreras-Paredes, Carlos; Pfister, Donald H. (2023-05-04). ["Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genera of Erysiphaceae, part 3: Cystotheca"](https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2023.2194172). *Mycologia*. **115** (3): 427–436. [doi:10.1080/00275514.2023.2194172](https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2023.2194172). [ISSN 0027-5514](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0027-5514). [PMID 37159342](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37159342)

1. Braun, Uwe & Cook, Roger T. A. (2012). *Taxonomic manual of the Erysiphales (powdery mildews)*. CBS biodiversity series. Utrecht: CBS-KNAW fungal biodiversity centre. ISBN 978-90-70351-89-2.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cystotheca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystotheca) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystotheca?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.