# Curve Fire

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2002 wildfire in Southern California

Curve Fire The footprint of the Curve Fire in the Angeles National Forest Date September 1 (1-09) – September 5, 2002 (2002-09-05) (5 days) Location Los Angeles County, Southern California, United States Coordinates 34°16′N 117°50′W / 34.26°N 117.84°W / 34.26; -117.84 Statistics Burned area 20,857 acres (8,441 ha; 33 sq mi; 84 km2) Impacts Injuries 14 Evacuated ~8,000 people Ignition Cause Candles associated with a Santería ritual Map Location within California

The **Curve Fire** was a destructive [wildfire](/source/Wildfire) in the [Angeles National Forest](/source/Angeles_National_Forest) in [Los Angeles County, California](/source/Los_Angeles_County%2C_California), in September of 2002. The fire, which ignited on September 1 from candles associated with a [Santería](/source/Santer%C3%ADa) ritual, grew to 20,857 acres (8,441 hectares) before it was declared fully contained on September 5. The Curve Fire destroyed 73 structures, forced the temporary closure of several highways over the [Labor Day weekend](/source/Labor_Day_weekend), and caused multiple injuries.

## Background

The Curve Fire was the seventh largest of the [2002 California wildfire season](/source/2002_California_wildfires), in which 8,171 wildfires burned a total of 538,216 acres (217,808 ha).[1][2] Antecedent hot, dry weather helped drive the fire.[3]

## Progression

The Curve Fire ignited on Sunday, September 1 by [California State Route 39](/source/California_State_Route_39), near Rincon Canyon and about one mile (1.6 km) north of East Fork Ridge,[4][5] in the Bichota Mesa area.[6]

The fire began at roughly 12:30–12:45 p.m. [PDT](/source/Pacific_Time_Zone) and crossed Highway 39 north of East Fork Road while moving north, burning past the [Crystal Lake Recreation Area](/source/Crystal_Lake_Recreation_Area).[3][7] The fire spread north on both the eastern and western sides of Highway 39.[8] By 5:00 p.m. the fire had burned about 10,000 acres (4,000 ha) and about 500 firefighters were on the scene.[4] Two Los Angeles County sheriff's deputies drove through flames to reach a woman in her cabin near Soldier's Creek who, unable to escape, had planned to commit suicide before the fire reached her and informed her ex-husband via phone call.[9]

On Wednesday, September 4, the fire moved beneath—and threatened—major [electrical transmission lines](/source/Electrical_transmission_lines) connecting Southern California to its northern counterpart. The [California Independent System Operator](/source/California_Independent_System_Operator) reduced the power flowing through the lines so as to decrease the risk of systemic disruptions should one or more lines fail. By that evening the fire had burned more than 16,000 acres (6,500 ha) with 15 percent containment.[6] These figures both increased during the remainder of the week: by nightfall on Saturday, September 7, the burned area had grown to 18,776 acres (7,598 ha) and containment had reached 52 percent.[5]

## Cause

Investigators originally suspected that a lightning strike had touched off the fire, later changing their assessment after surveying the area. On September 6 the U.S. Forest Service announced that the fire had been caused by "candles associated with a ritual involving the use of fire and animal sacrifices".[5] The nocturnal sacrifice, specifically that of a goat, was in keeping with the local practice of Santería, an imported African diasporic religion from Cuba. In Santería animal sacrifices are sometimes made in a forest, considered a sacred place, and law enforcement had encountered the remnants—including leftover votive candles—of similar rituals elsewhere in the Angeles National Forest.[10][11]

## Effects

A Forest Service map of vegetation conditions following the Curve Fire

The Curve Fire caused fourteen injuries[12] and destroyed 73 structures.[1] One of these was the [South Mount Hawkins](/source/South_Mount_Hawkins) [fire lookout](/source/Angeles_National_Forest_Fire_Lookout_Association#Fire_lookout_towers) in the [Sheep Mountain Wilderness](/source/Sheep_Mountain_Wilderness),[12] and another was the unoccupied Coldbrook Ranger Station.[6] Most of the remainder were special use cabins, outbuildings, and Forest Service buildings in San Gabriel Canyon.[12]

About 8,000 people, largely campers, were forced to evacuate the Angeles National Forest.[3] Some families and other groups were separated during the rapid evacuations.[8] The fire forced the temporary closure of both California State Route 39 and the Angeles Crest Highway, fouling Labor Day travel plans for many.[13] Smoke impacted communities in the [Victor Valley](/source/Victor_Valley), forestalling recreational activities.[4]

## See also

- [Glossary of wildfire terms](/source/Glossary_of_wildfire_terms)

- [List of California wildfires](/source/List_of_California_wildfires)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-large_fires_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-large_fires_1-1) ["2002 Large Fires"](https://web.archive.org/web/20171208215137/http://www.fire.ca.gov/fire_protection/downloads/LF2002.pdf) (PDF). *[California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection](/source/California_Department_of_Forestry_and_Fire_Protection) (Cal Fire)*. February 11, 2003. Archived from [the original](http://www.fire.ca.gov/fire_protection/downloads/LF2002.pdf) (PDF) on December 8, 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["California Wildfires and Acres for all Jurisdictions"](https://34c031f8-c9fd-4018-8c5a-4159cdff6b0d-cdn-endpoint.azureedge.net/-/media/calfire-website/our-impact/fire-statistics/ca-wildfires-and-acres-for-all-jurisdictions.pdf?rev=0b3842a0f4fe4874978e716d3cfd670d&hash=3FA937C2E9F12591470567F5F7B4EEE1) (PDF). *[California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection](/source/California_Department_of_Forestry_and_Fire_Protection) (Cal Fire)*. August 24, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240409053051/https://34c031f8-c9fd-4018-8c5a-4159cdff6b0d-cdn-endpoint.azureedge.net/-/media/calfire-website/our-impact/fire-statistics/ca-wildfires-and-acres-for-all-jurisdictions.pdf?rev=0b3842a0f4fe4874978e716d3cfd670d&hash=3FA937C2E9F12591470567F5F7B4EEE1) (PDF) from the original on April 9, 2024. Retrieved April 9, 2024.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:1_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:1_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:1_3-2) Fields, Robin (September 2, 2002). ["Campers Flee Fire in Azusa Canyon"](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-02-me-azusa2-story.html). *[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times)*. Contributions by David Pierson. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240410035124/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-02-me-azusa2-story.html) from the original on April 10, 2024. Retrieved April 11, 2024.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:2_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:2_4-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:2_4-2) Muzslay, Leigh (September 2, 2002). ["Victor Valley chokes on fallen ash: 10,000-acre San Gabriel fire blamed for 'ugly' conditions"](https://www.newspapers.com/article/press-dispatch-victor-valley-chokes-on/145424773/). *Press Dispatch*. pp. [A1](https://www.newspapers.com/article/press-dispatch-victor-valley-chokes-on/145424773/), [A6](https://www.newspapers.com/article/press-dispatch-victor-valley-chokes-on/145424860/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240415190721/https://www.newspapers.com/article/press-dispatch-victor-valley-chokes-on/145424773/) from the original on April 15, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024 – via [Newspapers.com](/source/Newspapers.com).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_5-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:0_5-2) ["Curve Fire More Than Half Contained"](https://web.archive.org/web/20240410035136/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-08-me-briefs8.1-story.html). *[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times)*. September 8, 2002. Archived from [the original](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-08-me-briefs8.1-story.html) on April 10, 2024. Retrieved April 11, 2024.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:5_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:5_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:5_6-2) Vogel, Nancy; Malnic, Eric (September 5, 2002). ["2 New Blazes Cut Road, Rail Links"](https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-2-new-blazes-cut/147500252/). *[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240516162639/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-2-new-blazes-cut/147500252/) from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024 – via [Newspapers.com](/source/Newspapers.com).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Fires force evacuations"](https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-fires-force-evacuatio/145424353/). *[Santa Maria Times](/source/Santa_Maria_Times)*. [Associated Press](/source/Associated_Press). September 2, 2002. p. A5. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240415185709/https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-fires-force-evacuatio/145424353/) from the original on April 15, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024 – via [Newspapers.com](/source/Newspapers.com).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:3_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:3_8-1) ["8,000 flee forest blaze near L.A."](https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-bee-8000-flee-forest-blaze/145425612/) *[The Fresno Bee](/source/The_Fresno_Bee)*. [Associated Press](/source/Associated_Press). September 2, 2002. p. B3. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240415191517/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-bee-8000-flee-forest-blaze/145425612/) from the original on April 15, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024 – via [Newspapers.com](/source/Newspapers.com).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Garrison, Jessica; Malnic, Eric (September 5, 2002). ["Blazes Disrupt Road, Rail Traffic"](https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-blazes-disrupt-ro/147501149/). *[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240516164859/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-blazes-disrupt-ro/147501149/) from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024 – via [Newspapers.com](/source/Newspapers.com).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Anderson, Hil (September 6, 2002). ["Biscuit done: Largest US fire contained"](https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2002/09/06/Biscuit-done-Largest-US-fire-contained/27421031345270/). *[United Press International](/source/United_Press_International)*. Retrieved May 16, 2024.{{[cite news](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_news)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Keating, Gina (September 6, 2002). ["Ritual candles eyed in Calif. fire"](https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-boston-globe-ritual-candles-eyed-in/147502784/). *[The Boston Globe](/source/The_Boston_Globe)*. [Reuters](/source/Reuters). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240516170310/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-boston-globe-ritual-candles-eyed-in/147502784/) from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024 – via [Newspapers.com](/source/Newspapers.com).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:4_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:4_12-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:4_12-2) ["Curve Fire 9-1-2002 Near Wrightwood California"](https://www.wrightwoodcalif.com/curvefire9_02.html). *WrightwoodCalif.com*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240410035129/https://www.wrightwoodcalif.com/curvefire9_02.html) from the original on April 10, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** Ritsch, Massie; Connell, Rich (September 3, 2002). ["No Holiday From the Heat"](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-03-me-hot3-story.html). *[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240410035130/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-03-me-hot3-story.html) from the original on April 10, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Curve Fire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve_Fire) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve_Fire?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.