# Curculioninae

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Subfamily of beetles

Curculioninae Dorytomus melanophthalmus, North Wales Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Clade: Pancrustacea Class: Insecta Order: Coleoptera Suborder: Polyphaga Infraorder: Cucujiformia Superfamily: Curculionoidea Family: Curculionidae Subfamily: Curculioninae Latreille, 1802 Diversity About 30 tribes

The [beetle](/source/Beetle) [subfamily](/source/Subfamily) **Curculioninae** is part of the [weevil](/source/Weevil) [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Curculionidae](/source/Curculionidae). It contains over 23,500 described [species](/source/Species) in 2,200 [genera](/source/Genera), and is therefore the largest weevil subfamily. Given that the [beetle](/source/Beetle) [order](/source/Order_(biology)) (Coleoptera) contains about one-quarter of all known [organisms](/source/Organism), the Curculioninae represent one of the – if not *the* – most successful radiations of terrestrial [Metazoa](/source/Metazoa).[1]

Many weevils of this group are commonly known as **flower weevils** or **acorn and nut weevils**, after a food commonly eaten by Curculioninae [larvae](/source/Larva) and [imagines](/source/Imago) — the [reproductive organs](/source/Reproduction) of [plants](/source/Plant).

## Systematics

This large [subfamily](/source/Subfamily) is divided into around 30 [tribes](/source/Tribe_(biology)). Delimitation of the Curculioninae is fairly robust considering its enormous size; there is some dispute, however, in their exact boundary with the [Molytinae](/source/Molytinae). The [Phrynixini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phrynixini&action=edit&redlink=1) and [Trypetidini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trypetidini&action=edit&redlink=1) are also included in the Curculioninae by some authors, but more often they are considered Molytinae; conversely, the [Itini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Itini&action=edit&redlink=1) are usually placed in the Curculioninae but sometimes in the Molytinae, which are also expanded by certain authors to include, among others, the whole [Cryptorhynchinae](/source/Cryptorhynchinae). These, as well as the [Ceutorhynchinae](/source/Ceutorhynchinae), are sometimes included in the Curculioninae as additional tribes Cryptorhynchini and Ceutorhynchini. And some genera while almost certainly Curculioninae, are too unusual and/or ancient to be easily assigned to a specific tribe.

Features used to distinguish some of the tribes are:

Tribes of Curulioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Feature Associated tribes Pygidium exposed Acalyptini[2] Ceutorhynchini Foreleg femora with large triangular tooth Camarotini[3] Tarsi with one claw (not two) Cryptoplini (including Haplonychini) Mandibular (chewing) motion vertical (not horizontal) some Curculionini Prothorax with lateral keels Derelomini[2] Prothorax narrowed at base (ant mimic) Erodiscini[3] Otidocephalini Hindleg femora enlarged Eugnomini (with triangular tooth) Rhamphini (swollen for jumping) Tarsal claws fused at base Smicronychini[3] Prosternum anterior to foreleg coxae has a groove into which the rostrum is tucked (if groove continues posterior to coxae: Cryptorhynchinae) Storeini

### List of tribes

*Tychius*

*Curculio*, larva

*Curculio sayi*

The subfamily Curculioninae consists of the following [tribes](/source/Tribe_(biology)):[4] Some notable genera are also listed.

- [Acalyptini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acalyptini&action=edit&redlink=1) Thomson, 1859 - *[Acalyptus](/source/Acalyptus)* - *[Anchylorhynchus](/source/Anchylorhynchus)*

- [Acentrini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acentrini&action=edit&redlink=1)Seidlitz, 1890[5]

- [Acentrusini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acentrusini&action=edit&redlink=1) Alonso-Zarazaga, 2005

- [Ancylocnemidini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ancylocnemidini&action=edit&redlink=1) Voss, 1962

- [Anoplini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anoplini&action=edit&redlink=1) Bedel, 1884[5][6]

- [Anthonomini](/source/Anthonomini) Thomson, 1859 - *[Anthonomus](/source/Anthonomus)* - *[Brachonyx](/source/Brachonyx)*

- [Camarotini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Camarotini&action=edit&redlink=1) Schönherr, 1833

- [Ceratopodini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ceratopodini&action=edit&redlink=1) Lacordaire, 1863

- [Cionini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cionini&action=edit&redlink=1) Schönherr, 1825 - *[Cionus](/source/Cionus)*

- [Cranopoeini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cranopoeini&action=edit&redlink=1) Kuschel, 2009

- [Cryptoplini](/source/Cryptoplini) Lacordaire, 1863

- [Curculionini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Curculionini&action=edit&redlink=1) Latreille, 1802 - *[Curculio](/source/Curculio)*

- [Derelomini](/source/Derelomini) [Lacordaire](/source/Jean_Th%C3%A9odore_Lacordaire), 1865

- [Diabathrariini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diabathrariini&action=edit&redlink=1) Lacordaire, 1863

- [Ellescini](/source/Ellescini) Thomson, 1859 - *[Dorytomus](/source/Dorytomus)* - *[Ellescus](/source/Ellescus)*

- [Erodiscini](/source/Erodiscini) Lacordaire, 1863

- [Eugnomini](/source/Eugnomini) Lacordaire, 1863 - *[Meriphus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meriphus&action=edit&redlink=1)* - *[Pactolotypus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pactolotypus&action=edit&redlink=1)*

- [Geochini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geochini&action=edit&redlink=1) Zimmerman, 1994[6]

- [Gonipterini](/source/Gonipterini) Lacordaire, 1863 - *[Gonipterus](/source/Gonipterus)*

- [Itini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Itini&action=edit&redlink=1) Reitter, 1913[6]

- [Mecinini](/source/Mecinini) Gistel, 1848 - *[Mecinus](/source/Mecinus)* - *[Rhinusa](/source/Rhinusa)*

- [Neosharpiini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neosharpiini&action=edit&redlink=1) Hoffmann, 1956[6]

- [Nerthopini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nerthopini&action=edit&redlink=1) Lacordaire, 1865

- [Otidocephalini](/source/Otidocephalini) Lacordaire, 1863

- [Piazorhinini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piazorhinini&action=edit&redlink=1) Lacordaire, 1863

- [Prionobrachiini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prionobrachiini&action=edit&redlink=1) Hustache, 1938

- [Pyropini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyropini&action=edit&redlink=1) Lacordaire, 1865

- [Rhamphini](/source/Rhamphini) Rafinesque, 1815 - *[Rhynchaenus](/source/Rhynchaenus)*

- [Smicronychini](/source/Smicronychini) Seidlitz, 1891

- [Sphaeriopoeini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sphaeriopoeini&action=edit&redlink=1) Kuschel, 2003

- [Storeini](/source/Storeini) Lacordaire, 1863 - *[Glaucopela](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glaucopela&action=edit&redlink=1)* - *[Peristoreus](/source/Peristoreus)*

- [Styphlini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Styphlini&action=edit&redlink=1) Jekel, 1861 - *[Pseudostyphlus](/source/Pseudostyphlus)*

- [Tychiini](/source/Tychiini) Gistel, 1848 - *[Lignyodes](/source/Lignyodes)* - *[Tychius](/source/Tychius)*

- [Ulomascini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulomascini&action=edit&redlink=1) Lacordaire, 1865 - *[Misophrice](/source/Misophrice)*

- [Viticiini](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Viticiini&action=edit&redlink=1) Morimoto, 1983

## See also

- [List of Curculioninae genera](/source/List_of_Curculioninae_genera)

## Footnotes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Kuschel 1995](#CITEREFKuschel1995)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-km2005_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-km2005_2-1) [Kojima & Morimoto 2005](#CITEREFKojimaMorimoto2005)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ml2005_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ml2005_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-ml2005_3-2) [Marvaldi & Lanteri 2005](#CITEREFMarvaldiLanteri2005)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Bouchard2011_4-0)** Bouchard P, Bousquet Y, Davies AE, Alonso-Zarazaga MA, Lawrence JF, Lyal CH, Newton AF, Reid CA, Schmitt M, Slipiński SA, Smith AB (April 2011). ["Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3088472). *ZooKeys* (88): 1–972. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3897/zookeys.88.807](https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzookeys.88.807). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [3088472](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3088472). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [21594053](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21594053).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-euro_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-euro_5-1) ["Fauna Europaea, Curculioninae"](https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/d1ac17e5-fb50-4d55-80d1-36fd4f28d575).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-info_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-info_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-info_6-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-info_6-3) ["weevil.info, Curculioninae"](http://weevil.info/alonso-zarazaga-lyal-1999-amended/curculioninae).

## References

- Kuschel, G. (1995). "A phylogenetic classification of Curculionoidea to families and subfamilies". In Anderson, R.S.; Lyal, C.H.C. (eds.). *Biology and Phylogeny of Curculionoidea*. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington. Vol. 14. pp. 5–33.

- Marvaldi, A.E.; Lanteri, A.A. (2005). ["Key to higher taxa of South American weevils based on adult characters (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea)"](http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/rchnat/v78n1/art06.pdf) (PDF). *Revista Chilena de Historia Natural*. **78** (1): 65–87. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.4067/s0716-078x2005000100006](https://doi.org/10.4067%2Fs0716-078x2005000100006).

- Kojima, H.; Morimoto, K. (2005). ["Weevils of the Tribe Acalyptini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae): Redefinition and a taxonomic treatment of the Japanese, Korean and Taiwanese species"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110718172340/https://qir.kyushu-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2324/2704/1/69.pdf) (PDF). *Esakia*. **45**: 69–115. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.5109/2704](https://doi.org/10.5109%2F2704). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [86802907](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:86802907). Archived from [the original](https://qir.kyushu-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2324/2704/1/69.pdf) (PDF) on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2009-04-06.

## External links

- Media related to [Curculioninae](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Curculioninae) at Wikimedia Commons

- Data related to [Curculioninae](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Curculioninae) at Wikispecies

Taxon identifiers Curculioninae Wikidata: Q1936307 Wikispecies: Curculioninae AFD: Curculioninae BioLib: 13141 BugGuide: 30762 Fauna Europaea: 250212 Fauna Europaea (new): d1ac17e5-fb50-4d55-80d1-36fd4f28d575 iNaturalist: 373408 ITIS: 678827 NBN: NHMSYS0020151947 NCBI: 39816 NZOR: 43967530-2fe2-499c-ac6f-d9db97e453cd Open Tree of Life: 217596 Paleobiology Database: 71326 PPE: curculioninae

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Curculioninae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curculioninae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curculioninae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.