# Cui Zhiyuan

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Chinese economist and philosopher (born 1963)

For the 9th-century Korean scholar who served under the Tang dynasty general Gao Pian, see [Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn](/source/Ch'oe_Ch'i-w%C5%8Fn).

In this [Chinese name](/source/Chinese_name), the [family name](/source/Chinese_surname) is *Cui*.

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Cui Zhiyuan 崔之元 Born 1963 (age 62–63) Beijing Alma mater National University of Defense Technology[1] Chinese Academy of Social Sciences University of Chicago[2] Organization(s) MIT National University of Singapore Harvard University Law School Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin Cornell Law School Tsinghua University[2] Notable work Second Liberation of Thought, Liberal Socialism and the Future of China Movement Chinese New Left Website www.cui-zy.com

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**Cui Zhiyuan** ([Chinese](/source/Chinese_language): 崔之元; [pinyin](/source/Pinyin): *Cuī Zhīyuán*), born in Beijing in 1963, is a professor at the [School of Public Policy and Management](/source/School_of_Public_Policy_and_Management_at_Tsinghua_University) in [Tsinghua University](/source/Tsinghua_University), [Beijing](/source/Beijing),[2] and a leading member of the [Chinese New Left](/source/Chinese_New_Left) through his work on alternatives to [neo-liberal](/source/Neo-liberal) capitalism.

## Biography

Cui first gained fame as a post-graduate student in 1994 when he published an article named *Institutional Innovation and the Second Thought Liberation*.[3] He then went on to publish the book *Nanjie Village*,[4] which along with his previous publications earned him the reputation as one of the founding members of [China's New Left](/source/Chinese_New_Left) movement. Cui was also one of the first scholars to introduce [game theory](/source/Game_theory) to China.[5] Cui is an admirer of [James Meade](/source/James_Meade)'s work on [liberal socialism](/source/Liberal_socialism),[6] reflected in his article *Xiaokang Socialism: A Petty-Bourgeois Manifesto*.[7][8] Following Meade's theory, Cui was the first scholar to propose a systematic social dividend program in China, including a "Chinese People's Permanent Trust Fund".[9][10]

Cui edited *Politics: The Central Texts*,[11] the selection of key texts from [Roberto Mangabeira Unger](/source/Roberto_Mangabeira_Unger)'s three-volume *Politics*. His selective writings include *The Dilemma of the Paradigm of the Invisible Hand: Soft-Budget-Constraint in the Capitalist Economy*;[12] *Sustainable Democracy*[13] and *China: Human Development Report 1999*,[14] both co-authored with [Adam Przeworski](/source/Adam_Przeworski) for the [UNDP](/source/United_Nations_Development_Programme); and contributions to *Whither China?: Intellectual Politics in Contemporary China*.[15] He also co-edited *China and Globalization: Washington Consensus, Beijing Consensus or What?*[16] and was considered the first person to introduce the [Beijing Consensus](/source/Beijing_Consensus) into the Chinese policy debate.

In 2011, Cui published an article on [Zhang Pengchun](/source/Zhang_Pengchun)'s role in drafting the United Nations' [Universal Declaration of Human Rights](/source/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights) in 1948.[17] The article discusses the implications of this discovery in the UN archive concerning Zhang's key role for the current Chinese political and cultural debates—transcending the dichotomy of "[western centralism](/source/Eurocentrism)" and "[cultural particularism](/source/Historical_particularism)".[18][*[jargon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Technical_language)*]

Cui's works have also been translated into Korean, including *Xiaokang Socialism: A Petty-Bourgeois Manifesto* ([Korean](/source/Korean_language): 프티부르주아 사회주의 선언) [19] and *Is China Going Where?* (중국은 어디로 가고 있는가).[20] The latter embodied Cui's article *Institutional Innovation and the Second Thought.* In addition, *Politics: The Central Texts* was translated into Korean and published in South Korea.[21] In 2015, Cui was invited to the International Conference on Basic Income[22] held in Seoul to give a keynote speech[23] concerning social dividend.

In 2003, Cui was invited to the [London School of Economics](/source/London_School_of_Economics) to give the Ralph Miliband Lecture titled "The Bush Doctrine and [Neoconservatism](/source/Neoconservatism): A Chinese Perspective".[24] In 2014, Cui was invited to give the Chun-tu Hsueh Distinguished Lecture "Chinese Reform in light of James Meade's Liberal Socialism" at [Oxford University](/source/University_of_Oxford).[25]

More recently,[*[as of?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items)*] Cui has become known for his work on and as a proponent of the [Chongqing model](/source/Chongqing_model) as a model for development. He argues that this model could end China's dependence on exports and savings, reduce the growing economic divide between rural and urban areas, and stimulate private business by way of public ownership and state planning. Cui is close to [Chongqing](/source/Chongqing)'s mayor [Huang Qifan](/source/Huang_Qifan) and served as the associate director of the State Asset Management Committee of the Chongqing government from 2010 to 2011.[6] His views are discussed in the essay collections *[One China, Many Paths](/source/One_China%2C_Many_Paths)* and *[Conditional Democracy: The Contemporary Debate on Political Reform in Chinese Universities](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conditional_Democracy:_The_Contemporary_Debate_on_Political_Reform_in_Chinese_Universities&action=edit&redlink=1)*. He has also been critical of recent privatizations of state assets,[26] and has called for more democracy within the party.[27]

In 2015, Cui started a research project called "Experimental Governance: Its Promise and Limits in China"[28][29] in collaboration with [Charles Sabel](/source/Charles_Sabel) of Columbia University Law School, a leading scholar on experimental governance.[30] He gave a public lecture at the India–China Institute of [New School](/source/The_New_School) for Social Research[31] in April 2014 on "Understanding Xi Jinping's Grand Reform Strategy"[32] in light of experimental governance, with Charles Sabel as a discussant. With his current and former students, Cui also runs a free weekly [WeChat](/source/WeChat) publication titled "Experimental Governance", with over 80 published issues[33] and more than 2,000 subscribers from academic, policy-research think tanks.

## Reception

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding missing information. (January 2024)

According to sinologist Flora Sapio, Cui "has made tacit use of [Schmitt](/source/Carl_Schmitt) in their theorising about governance and politics in China".[34]

## Personal life

Cui's father was a nuclear engineer in [Sichuan](/source/Sichuan) province.[35]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Editorial office. ["Cui Zhiyuan"](https://www.hausderkunst.de/en/notes/cui-zhiyuan). *[Haus der Kunst](/source/Haus_der_Kunst)*. Retrieved 22 October 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-bio_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-bio_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-bio_2-2) ["School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110126011826/http://www.sppm.tsinghua.edu.cn/english/faculty/fulltime/26efe4891f7db39c011f82145ad00001.html). 2011-01-26. Archived from [the original](http://www.sppm.tsinghua.edu.cn/english/faculty/fulltime/26efe4891f7db39c011f82145ad00001.html) on 2011-01-26. Retrieved 2024-01-17.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["制度创新与第二次思想解放"](http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/ics/21c/).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["南街村"](https://web.archive.org/web/20151001054902/http://cui-zy.com/Recommended/Landissue/CuiNanJie.pdf) (PDF). Archived from [the original](http://cui-zy.com/Recommended/Landissue/CuiNanJie.pdf) (PDF) on 2015-10-01.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** 崔, 之元 (1988). *博弈论与社会科学*. 杭州: 浙江人民出版社. pp. 101页. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-7-213-00147-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-213-00147-5).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ECFR_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ECFR_6-1) ["The Chongqing experiment: the way forward for China?"](http://ecfr.eu/page/-/ECFR66_CHINA_30_final.pdf) (PDF). *China 3.0*. European Council on Foreign Relations. November 2012. Retrieved January 9, 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Zhiyuan, Cui (2003-05-01). ""Xiaokang Socialism" : A Petty-Bourgeois Manifesto". *The Chinese Economy*. **36** (3): 50–70. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/10971475.2003.11033467](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10971475.2003.11033467). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1097-1475](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1097-1475). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [154218000](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154218000).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["小资产阶级宣言"](https://web.archive.org/web/20151002041638/http://www.cui-zy.com/Recommended/Liberalsocialism/%E5%B0%8F%E5%BA%B7%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%EF%BC%8D%E5%B0%8F%E8%B5%84%E4%BA%A7%E9%98%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80.pdf) (PDF). Archived from [the original](http://cui-zy.com/Recommended/Liberalsocialism/%E5%B0%8F%E5%BA%B7%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%EF%BC%8D%E5%B0%8F%E8%B5%84%E4%BA%A7%E9%98%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80.pdf) (PDF) on 2015-10-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["清华大学教授建议:设立"中国人民永久信托基金"_财经频道_新华网"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080309165941/http://news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2008-03/03/content_7706356.htm). *news.xinhuanet.com*. Archived from [the original](http://news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2008-03/03/content_7706356.htm) on March 9, 2008. Retrieved 2015-10-15.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Cui, Zhiyuan (2012). "Making Sense of the Chinese "Socialist Market Economy" A Note". *Modern China*. **38** (6): 665–676. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1177/0097700412459700](https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0097700412459700). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [156702979](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:156702979).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Unger, Roberto Mangabeira (1997-04-17). Cui, Zhiyuan (ed.). *Politics: The Central Texts* (Text is Free of Markings ed.). London: Verso. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781859841310](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781859841310).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** [*"看不见的手" 范式的悖论*](https://books.google.com/books?id=WPGFAAAACAAJ) (in Chinese). 经济科学出版社. 1999-01-01. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9787505817227](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9787505817227).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** Przeworski, Adam (1995-08-25). [*Sustainable Democracy*](https://archive.org/details/sustainabledemoc00prze). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780521483759](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521483759).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** ["China Human Development Report 1999"](http://www.cn.undp.org/content/china/en/home/library/human_development/china-human-development-report-1999.html). *UNDP in China*. Retrieved 2015-09-30.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** Yang, Gan; Cui, Zhiyuan; Shaoguang, Wang; Hui, Wang (2002-03-07). Zhang, Xudong (ed.). [*Whither China?: Intellectual Politics in Contemporary China*](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00EDIWRGK?ie=UTF8&isInIframe=1&n=283155&redirect=true&ref_=dp_proddesc_0&s=books&showDetailProductDesc=1#iframe-wrapper). Duke University Press Books.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** Zhu, Huang Ping Cui Zhi Yuan (1991-01-01). *China and Globalization - The Washington Consensus or Beijing Consensus*. 北京市: Social Sciences Academic Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9787801906953](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9787801906953).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** 崔, 之元 (2011-09-09). ["人文与社会 - 文章 - 崔之元："西柏坡后现代"，联合国人权宣言和普遍历史的黎明"](http://wen.org.cn/modules/article/view.article.php/2670). *wen.org.cn*. Retrieved 2015-10-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** Cui, Zhiyuan; Wang, Shuliu; Le Gall, Pierre-Yves (2013-10-02). ["La postmodernité de Xibaipo et l'aube de l'histoire universelle"](http://www.cairn.info/resume.php?ID_ARTICLE=MULT_054_0063). *Multitudes* (in French). **54** (3): 63–66. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3917/mult.054.0063](https://doi.org/10.3917%2Fmult.054.0063). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0292-0107](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0292-0107).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["프티부르주아 사회주의 선언 | 도서출판 돌베개"](http://dolbegae.co.kr/book/2848/). *dolbegae.co.kr*. Retrieved 2015-10-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** ["중국은 어디로 가고 있는가 | 창비 – Changbi Publishers"](http://www.changbi.com/books/9161?board_id=6302). *www.changbi.com*. Retrieved 2015-10-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** ["정치 | 창비 – Changbi Publishers"](http://www.changbi.com/books/59611?board_id=8912). *www.changbi.com*. Retrieved 2015-10-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** ["SEOUL, KOREA: "Local Politics and Basic Income: International Conference on Basic Income, June 19-20, 2015 | BIEN"](http://www.basicincome.org/news/2015/07/seoul-korea-local-politics-and-basic-income-international-conference-on-basic-income-june-19-20-2015/). *BIEN*. July 2015. Retrieved 2015-10-15.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** [*Bedingungsloses Grundeinkommen in China*](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSMRFAMlx9I), 9 August 2015, retrieved 2015-10-15

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** ["The Bush Doctrine and Neoconservatism: A Chinese Perspective - 2003 - Events - Public events - Home"](http://www.lse.ac.uk/publicEvents/events/2003/20030514t1000z001.aspx). *www.lse.ac.uk*. Retrieved 2015-09-30.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** ["Chinese Reform in Light of James Meade's Liberal Socialism. | University of Oxford Podcasts - Audio and Video Lectures"](https://podcasts.ox.ac.uk/chinese-reform-light-james-meades-liberal-socialism). *podcasts.ox.ac.uk*. Retrieved 2015-09-30.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** [Sweeping privatisations spark criticism](http://www.greenleft.org.au/2005/619/35194) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20071214191511/http://www.greenleft.org.au/2005/619/35194) 2007-12-14 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** [High stakes for China as party congress begins](https://www.theguardian.com/china/story/0,,2191298,00.html)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** Levi-Faur, David (2012-03-29). [*Digital Academic Repository - University of Amsterdam*](http://dare.uva.nl/record/1/356492). OUP Oxford. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780199560530](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199560530). Retrieved 2015-10-18. {{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: |website= ignored ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** Levi-Faur, David (2012-03-29). [*The Oxford Handbook of Governance*](https://books.google.com/books?id=11qVVxK2y24C). OUP Oxford. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780191628429](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780191628429).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** ["dhr. prof. dr. J.H. (Jonathan) Zeitlin - Universiteit van Amsterdam"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150802032209/http://www.uva.nl/over-de-uva/organisatie/medewerkers/content/z/e/j.h.zeitlin/j.h.zeitlin.html). *www.uva.nl*. Archived from [the original](http://www.uva.nl/over-de-uva/organisatie/medewerkers/content/z/e/j.h.zeitlin/j.h.zeitlin.html) on 2015-08-02. Retrieved 2015-10-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** ["India China Institute"](http://www.indiachinainstitute.org/). *India China Institute*. Retrieved 2015-10-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** [*Cui Zhiyuan - Xi Jinping's Grand Reform Strategy 4.29.2014*](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKTYEqWnBms), 7 May 2014, retrieved 2015-10-18

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** ["崔之元正式网站-新闻推荐"](https://web.archive.org/web/20151002025630/http://www.cui-zy.com/pragmatism/intro.html). *www.cui-zy.com*. Archived from [the original](http://www.cui-zy.com/pragmatism/intro.html) on 2015-10-02. Retrieved 2015-10-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** Sapio, Flora (2015-10-06). ["Carl Schmitt in China"](https://cs.callum-smith.com/carl-schmitt-in-china/). *The China Story*. Retrieved 2023-05-09.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** Leonard, Mark (2008). *What Does China Think?*. Great Britain: Fourth Estate. p. 135. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-00-723068-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-723068-6).

## External links

- [Sample pages of an essay in *The Chinese Model Of Modern Development*](https://books.google.com/books?id=BAFiZ_tEGFYC&dq=%22cui+zhiyuan%22&pg=PA157)

- [Tsinghua University School of Public Policy and Management: Cui Zhiyuan public profile, English version](http://www.sppm.tsinghua.edu.cn/english/faculty/fulltime/26efe4891f7db39c011f82145ad00001.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110126011826/http://www.sppm.tsinghua.edu.cn/english/faculty/fulltime/26efe4891f7db39c011f82145ad00001.html) 2011-01-26 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), retrieved 6 August 2010.

- [Tsinghua University School of Public Policy and Management: Cui Zhiyuan public profile, Chinese version](https://web.archive.org/web/20100421005408/http://www.sppm.tsinghua.edu.cn/szdw/qzjs/26efe4891e2a9c84011e38baf1980011.html), retrieved 6 August 2010.

- [Cui Zhiyuan's website](https://web.archive.org/web/20151001052748/http://www.cui-zy.com/)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cui Zhiyuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cui_Zhiyuan) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cui_Zhiyuan?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.