# Cryptographic Modernization Program

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The **Cryptographic Modernization Program** is a [Department of Defense](/source/United_States_Department_of_Defense) directed, [NSA](/source/NSA) Information Assurance Directorate led effort to transform and modernize [Information Assurance](/source/Information_Assurance) capabilities for the 21st century. It has three phases:

- Replacement- All at risk devices to be replaced.

- Modernization- Integrate modular (programmable/ [embedded](/source/Embedded_system)) crypto solutions.

- Transformation- Be compliant to [GIG](/source/Global_Information_Grid)/ [NetCentrics](/source/NetCentrics) requirements.

The CM is a joint initiative to upgrade the DoD crypto inventory. Of the 1.3 million [cryptographic devices](/source/Cryptosystem) in the U.S. inventory, 73 percent will be replaced over the next 10 to 15 years[*[when?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items)*] by ongoing and planned [C4ISR](/source/C4ISTAR) systems programs, [Information Technology](/source/Information_Technology) modernization initiatives and advanced weapons platforms.[1][*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

All [command and control](/source/Command_and_control), communications, computer, [intelligence](/source/Intelligence_(information_gathering)), [surveillance](/source/Surveillance), [reconnaissance](/source/Reconnaissance), [information technology](/source/Information_technology) and [weapons systems](/source/Weapons_systems) that rely upon [cryptography](/source/Cryptography) for the provision of assured [confidentiality](/source/Confidentiality), [integrity](/source/Data_integrity), and [authentication](/source/Authentication) services will become a part of this long-term undertaking. The Cryptographic Modernization program is a tightly integrated partnership between the NSA, the military departments, operational commands, defense agencies, the [Joint Staff](/source/Joint_Staff), federal government entities and industry.

The program is a multibillion-dollar, multi-year undertaking that will transform cryptographic security capabilities for national security systems at all echelons and points of use. It will exploit new and [emerging technologies](/source/Emerging_technologies), provide advanced enabling infrastructure capabilities, and at the same time, modernize legacy devices that are now operationally employed.

The program also directly supports the DoD vision of the [Global Information Grid](/source/Global_Information_Grid). The security configuration features enable new [cryptosystems](/source/Cryptosystems) to provide secure information delivery anywhere on the global grid while using the grid itself for security configuration and provisioning—seamless integration.[2]

## Technology

### Cryptography

Most modernized devices will include both [Suite A](/source/NSA_Suite_A_Cryptography) (US only) and [Suite B](/source/NSA_Suite_B) support. This allows for protection of sensitive government data as well as interoperability with coalition partners, such as [NATO](/source/NATO).[2][3] The program includes the DOD's [Key Management Initiative](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Key_Management_Initiative&action=edit&redlink=1) which is designed to replace cumbersome special purpose channels for distribution of [cryptographic keys](/source/Key_(cryptography)) with a network-based approach by 2015.[4]

### Interoperability

The NSA has also led the effort to create standards for devices to prevent vendor lock in.[3]

- [High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor](/source/High_Assurance_Internet_Protocol_Encryptor) (HAIPE)

- [Link Encryptor Family](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Link_Encryptor_Family&action=edit&redlink=1) (LEF)

- [Secure Communications Interoperability Protocol](/source/Secure_Communications_Interoperability_Protocol) (SCIP)

### Devices

The modernized devices that are being built usually include the ability to add to or replace the current algorithms as [firmware](/source/Firmware) updates as newer ones become available.[2]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Defence News - Defence Industry Reports"](http://www.defenceindustryreports.com/). *www.defenceindustryreports.com*. Retrieved 2019-04-07.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-autogenerated1_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-autogenerated1_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-autogenerated1_2-2) [Leveraging Cybersecurity - Interview with Daniel G. Wolf - Military Information Technology](http://www.military-information-technology.com/article.cfm?DocID=389) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20061108181353/http://www.military-information-technology.com/article.cfm?DocID=389) 2006-11-08 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-autogenerated2_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-autogenerated2_3-1) [Security Guide: Operationalizing the IA Component of the GIG - Richard C. Schaeffer Jr. - Military Information Technology](http://www.military-information-technology.com/article.cfm?DocID=1932) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20071011114724/http://www.military-information-technology.com/article.cfm?DocID=1932) 2007-10-11 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [Allen Walton "Army Key Management System 2007 update". Army Communicator. Fall 2007. FindArticles.com. 21 Aug. 2008.](http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0PAA/is_4_32/ai_n24325420)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cryptographic Modernization Program](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_Modernization_Program) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_Modernization_Program?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.
