# Cryptofilida

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Order of protists

Cryptofilida Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Rhizaria Phylum: Cercozoa Subphylum: Filosa Class: Granofilosea Order: Cryptofilida Cavalier-Smith & Bass, 2009 Families Mesofilidae Nanofilidae

**Cryptofilida** (from [Latin](/source/Latin_language) *crypto* 'hidden' and *fila* 'threads') is an order of small [heterotrophic](/source/Heterotrophic) protists in the phylum [Cercozoa](/source/Cercozoa). They are [filose](/source/Filose_pseudopodia) [amoebae](/source/Amoebae) that lack [cilia](/source/Cilia) and [gliding](/source/Gliding_motility), and are instead characterized by movement through branching or unbranched granular [filopodia](/source/Filopodia) that are appressed to the substrate during their feeding.[1][2]

In studies on the impact of conventional [soil management](/source/Soil_management), Cryptofilida were identified as [ecological indicators](/source/Ecological_indicator).[3][4]

## Phylogeny and taxonomy

### Phylogeny

Cryptofilida is a clade inside [Granofilosea](/source/Granofilosea), and is phylogenetically related to [Limnofilida](/source/Limnofilida), a group with similar amoeboid protists. However, the exact relationships between the granofilosean clades is still unresolved. Two outcomes are shown here from the 2009 analysis that identified the group for the first time:[1]

Monadofilosa Granofilosea Desmothoracida novel clade Gran-4 novel clade Gran-2 novel clade Gran-3 Leucodictyida Cryptofilida Mesofila limnetica Nanofila marina novel clade Gran-1 novel clade Gran-6 Limnofilida Monadofilosa Granofilosea Desmothoracida novel clade Gran-4 novel clade Gran-2 novel clade Gran-3 Nanofilidae (Cryptofilida) novel clade Gran-1 novel clade Gran-6 Mesofilidae (Cryptofilida) Limnofilida Leucodictyida novel clade Gran-5

A more recent analysis shows this result:[5]

Monadofilosa Granofilosea novel clade Gran-5 Desmothoracida novel clade Gran-4 novel clades Gran-2 & 3 Cryptofilida novel clade Gran-1 Nanofilidae novel clade Gran-6 Mesofilidae Leucodictyida Limnofilida

### Taxonomy

The order contains two families with one species each.[1]

- Family [Mesofilidae](/source/Mesofilidae) Cavalier-Smith & Bass, 2009 - *[Mesofila](/source/Mesofila)* Cavalier-Smith & Bass, 2009 - *[Mesofila limnetica](/source/Mesofila_limnetica)* Cavalier-Smith & Bass, 2009

- Family [Nanofilidae](/source/Nanofilidae) Cavalier-Smith & Bass, 2009 - *[Nanofila](/source/Nanofila)* Cavalier-Smith & Bass, 2009 - *[Nanofila marina](/source/Nanofila_marina)* Cavalier-Smith & Bass, 2009

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-NovelNakedFilose_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-NovelNakedFilose_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-NovelNakedFilose_1-2) Bass D, Chao EE, Nikolaev S, Yabuki A, Ishida KI, Berney C, Pakzad U, Wylezich C, Cavalier-Smith T (2009). "Phylogeny of Novel Naked Filose and Reticulose Cercozoa: Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea Revised". *Protist*. **160** (1): 75–109. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.protis.2008.07.002). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1434-4610](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1434-4610). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [18952499](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18952499).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-RhizariaPhylo2018_2-0)** Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Chao, Ema E.; Lewis, Rhodri (April 2018). ["Multigene phylogeny and cell evolution of chromist infrakingdom Rhizaria: contrasting cell organisation of sister phyla Cercozoa and Retaria"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6133090). *Protoplasma*. **255** (5): 1517–1574. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2018Prpls.255.1517C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Prpls.255.1517C). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1007/s00709-018-1241-1](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00709-018-1241-1). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [6133090](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6133090). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [29666938](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29666938).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-HarkesArchive_3-0)** Harkes P, Suleiman AK, van den Elsen SJ, Haan JJ, Holterman M, Kuramae EE, Helder J (2019). ["Conventional and organic soil management as divergent drivers of resident and active fractions of major soil food web constituents"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751164). *Scientific Reports*. **9** (1) 13521. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2019NatSR...913521H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019NatSR...913521H). [bioRxiv](/source/BioRxiv_(identifier)) [10.1101/546192](https://doi.org/10.1101%2F546192). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/s41598-019-49854-y](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-019-49854-y). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [6751164](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751164). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [31534146](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31534146).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Harkes2019_4-0)** Harkes P, Suleiman AK, van den Elsen SJ, de Haan JJ, Holterman M, Kuramae EE, Helder J (18 September 2019). ["Conventional and organic soil management as divergent drivers of resident and active fractions of major soil food web constituents"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751164). *Scientific Reports*. **9** (1) 13521. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2019NatSR...913521H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019NatSR...913521H). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/s41598-019-49854-y](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-019-49854-y). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [6751164](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751164). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [31534146](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31534146).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-novel_cultured_protists_5-0)** Howe AT, Bass D, Scoble JM, Lewis R, Vickerman K, Arndt H, Cavalier-Smith T (2011). "Novel Cultured Protists Identify Deep-branching Environmental DNA Clades of Cercozoa: New Genera Tremula, Micrometopion, Minimassisteria, Nudifila, Peregrinia". *Protist*. **162** (2): 332–372. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.protis.2010.10.002](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.protis.2010.10.002). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1434-4610](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1434-4610). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [21295519](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21295519).

Taxon identifiers Cryptofilida Wikidata: Q19839497 Wikispecies: Cryptofilida IRMNG: 12954 WoRMS: 591240

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