# Crininae > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Crininae > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Crininae.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crininae > Source revision: 1355349190 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Subtribe of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox |image = Crinum moorei whole.jpg |image_caption = ''[Crinum moorei](/source/Crinum_moorei)'' |taxon = Crininae |authority = [Baker](/source/JG_Baker)J. Bot. 16: 164. ante 11 Jun 1878; Pax in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam.2, 5. 108. 1887{{sfn|Müller-Doblies|Müller-Doblies|1996}} |synonyms_ref = |synonyms = Crineae |subdivision_ranks = Genera |subdivision = See text |type_genus = ''[Crinum](/source/Crinum)'' |type_genus_authority = [L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus) }} '''Crininae''' is one of four subtribes within the [tribe](/source/tribe_(biology)) [Amaryllideae](/source/Amaryllideae) ([subfamily](/source/subfamily) [Amaryllidoideae](/source/Amaryllidoideae), [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Amaryllidaceae](/source/Amaryllidaceae)), with a [pantropical](/source/pantropical) distribution (''Crinum'') and also [sub-Saharan](/source/sub-Saharan) Africa.{{sfn|Meerow|Snijman|2001}}{{sfn|Vigneron|2008}} == Description == [Leaves](/source/Leaves) frequently show an [intercalary meristem](/source/intercalary_meristem) and are usually fringed with cartilaginous teeth. The leaf apices are also often truncate (cut off). The [flowers](/source/flowers) may be [actinomorphic](/source/actinomorphic) to zygomorphic, with a [perigone](/source/Perianth) [tube](/source/floral_tube) with free [stamens](/source/stamens). The [fruit](/source/fruit) is [indehiscent](/source/indehiscent), irregular, and often [rostellate](/source/Glossary_of_plant_morphology) (rosetted). The [scape](/source/scape_(botany)) does not [abscise](/source/abscise) (shed) during [seed dispersal](/source/seed_dispersal), with the exception of ''[Ammocharis longifolia](/source/Ammocharis_longifolia)'' where it detaches at ground level. The seeds also lack an [integument](/source/integument), but are [endosperm](/source/endosperm)-rich and partially [chlorophyllous](/source/chlorophyllous) with cork-covering. == Taxonomy == === Phylogeny === Crininae are phylogenetically placed within the Amaryllideae as follows: {{clade | label1= Tribe '''Amaryllideae''' | 1= {{clade | 1= Subtribe [Amaryllidinae](/source/Amaryllidinae) | 2= {{clade | 1= Subtribe [Boophoninae](/source/Boophoninae) | 2= {{clade | 1= Subtribe [Strumariinae](/source/Strumariinae) | 2= Subtribe '''Crininae''' }} }} }} }} == Subdivision == As circumscribed by Meerow ''et al.'' (2001), there were three genera (Species), although the precise relationship between ''Cybistetes'' and ''Amocharis'' has been problematic, having been [segregated](/source/segregation_(taxonomy)) in 1939{{sfn|Milne-Redhead|Schweickerdt|1939}} but later restored in 2007,{{sfn|Kwembeya et al|2007}} submerging ''Cybistetes'' within ''Ammocharis'' as ''A. longifolia'':{{sfn|Snijman|Kolberg|2011}} Genera (species): * ''[Crinum](/source/Crinum)'' (65) * ''[Ammocharis](/source/Ammocharis)'' (6) == Distribution == The subtribe is widespread in the tropics ([pantropical](/source/pantropical)) and sub-Saharan Africa. == References == {{Reflist|20em}} == Bibliography == {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite journal|last1=Milne-Redhead|first1=E.|last2=Schweickerdt|first2=H. G.|authorlink2=Herold Georg Wilhelm Johannes Schweickerdt |title=A new conception of the genus ''Ammocharis'' Herb.|journal=[Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany](/source/Journal_of_the_Linnean_Society_of_London%2C_Botany)|date=October 1939|volume=52|issue=342|pages=159–197|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.1939.tb01601.x}} * {{cite journal|last1=Meerow|first1=Alan W.|last2=Lehmiller|first2=David J.|last3=Clayton|first3=Jason R.|authorlink1=Alan Meerow|title=Phylogeny and biogeography of Crinum L. (Amaryllidaceae) inferred from nuclear and limited plastid non-coding DNA sequences|url=http://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/3257/PDF|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|date=March 2003|volume=141|issue=3|pages=349–363|doi=10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.00142.x|doi-access=|access-date=2016-02-27|archive-date=2016-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305200033/http://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/3257/PDF|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal|last1=Kwembeya|first1=Ezekeil G.|last2=Bjorå|first2=Charlotte S.|last3=Stedje|first3=Brita|last4=Nordal|first4=Inger|title=Phylogenetic Relationships in the Genus Crinum (Amaryllidaceae) with Emphasis on Tropical African Species: Evidence from trnL-F and Nuclear ITS DNA Sequence Data|journal=Taxon|date=1 August 2007|volume=56|issue=3|pages=801|doi=10.2307/25065863|ref={{harvid|Kwembeya et al|2007}}|jstor=25065863|doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal|last1=Müller-Doblies|first1=U.|last2=Müller-Doblies|first2=D.|authorlink2=Dietrich Müller-Doblies|authorlink1=Ute Müller-Doblies|title=Tribes and subtribes and some species combinations in Amaryllidaceae J St Hil R Dahlgren & al. 1985|journal=Feddes Repertorium|date=1996|volume=107|issue=5–6|pages=S.c.1–S.c.9}} * {{cite journal|last1=Meerow|first1=Alan W.|last2=Snijman|first2=Deirdre A.|authorlink1=Alan Meerow|title=Phylogeny of Amaryllidaceae Tribe Amaryllideae Based on nrDNA ITS Sequences and Morphology|journal=[American Journal of Botany](/source/American_Journal_of_Botany)|date=December 2001|volume=88|issue=12|pages=2321–2330|doi=10.2307/3558392|url=https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=3004&content=PDF|jstor=3558392|pmid=21669663|access-date=2018-12-29|archive-date=2019-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226234142/https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=3004&content=PDF|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal|last1=Snijman|first1=D. A.|last2=Linder|first2=H. P.|title=Phylogenetic Relationships, Seed Characters, and Dispersal System Evolution in Amaryllideae (Amaryllidaceae)|journal=[Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden](/source/Annals_of_the_Missouri_Botanical_Garden)|date=1996|volume=83|issue=3|pages=362–386|doi=10.2307/2399866|jstor=2399866|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/7767}} * {{cite web|last1=Vigneron|first1=Pascal|title=Amaryllidaceae|url=http://www.amaryllidaceae.org//index.htm|website=Amaryllidaceae.org|date=2008|access-date=23 October 2014|language=French|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104114211/http://www.amaryllidaceae.org/index.htm|archive-date=4 January 2015|url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|title=Amaryllidaceae: A taxonomic tool for the Amaryllidaceae of the world|url=http://amaryllidaceae.e-monocot.org/|publisher=[eMonocot](/source/eMonocot)|ref={{harvid|eMonocot|2016}}|access-date=2016-02-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304161517/http://amaryllidaceae.e-monocot.org/|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}} * [http://www.springerlink.com/content/v124q34651442612/fulltext.pdf?page=1 Katja Weiehhardt-Kulessa, Thomas Bórner, Jiirgen Sehmitz, Ute Müller-Doblies, and Dietrich Müller-Doblies. 2000. Controversial taxonomy of Strumariinae (Amaryllidaceae) investigated by nuclear rDNA (ITS) sequences. 1. ''Hessea, Namaquanula, Kamiesbergia'', and ''Dewinterella''. Plant Syst. Evol. 223:1-13 (2000)]{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{cite journal |editor1-last=Germishuizen |editor1-first=G. |editor2-last=Meyer |editor2-first=N.L. |title=Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist |url=http://planet.botany.uwc.ac.za/NISL/Biodiversity/Attachments/Plants%20of%20SA.pdf |journal=Strelitzia |date=2003 |volume=14 |issue=i-vi |pages=1–1231 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110627000657/http://planet.botany.uwc.ac.za/NISL/Biodiversity/Attachments/Plants%20of%20SA.pdf |archive-date=2011-06-27 }} ([http://posa.sanbi.org/intro_posa.php online version]) * {{cite journal|last1=Snijman|first1=D. A.|last2=Kolberg|first2=H.|title=''Ammocharis deserticola'' (Amaryllideae), a new species from Namibia and a key to species of the genus|url=http://herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk/bol/Content/Projects/namibia/Resources/Snijman_and_Kolberg2011_ammocharis.pdf|journal=Bothalia|date=2011|volume=41|issue=2|pages=308–311|doi=10.4102/abc.v41i2.69|access-date=2016-02-28|archive-date=2017-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102042922/http://herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk/bol/Content/Projects/namibia/Resources/Snijman_and_Kolberg2011_ammocharis.pdf|url-status=dead}} {{refend}} == External links == {{Wikispecies}} {{Commons}} {{Amaryllidaceae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q10864157}} Category:Amaryllidoideae Category:Plant subtribes Category:Pantropical flora --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Crininae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crininae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crininae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.