# Cranioscopy

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Cranioscopy
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Cranioscopy.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranioscopy
> Source revision: 1315200436
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

**Cranioscopy** is a term created by [Franz Joseph Gall](/source/Franz_Joseph_Gall) (1758–1828), a German [neuroanatomist](/source/Neuroanatomy) and [physiologist](/source/Physiology) who was a pioneer in the study of the localization of [mental functions](/source/Mental_function) in the [brain](/source/Human_brain), to name his technique to infer [localization of function in the brain](/source/Localization_of_function_in_the_brain) on the basis of the external anatomy of the [skull](/source/Human_skull) or cranium. "Cranioscopy, later known as [phrenology](/source/Phrenology), asserts that the shape of a person's skull revealed his or her intellectual and emotional characteristics."[1] Cranioscopy is the basis of [phrenology](/source/Phrenology), but was later proved to be unscientific.

## References

1. Schultz, D., and Schultz, S.E. (2003) A history of modern psychology, (9th ed.) Fort Worth: Harcourt College Publishers

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cranioscopy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranioscopy) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranioscopy?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.