# Crambe

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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{About|the plant genus|the English village|Crambe, North Yorkshire|other uses|Crambe (disambiguation)}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Crambe_Maritima_Estonia.jpg
|image_caption = ''Crambe maritima'' in [Estonia](/source/Estonia)
|taxon = Crambe
|authority = [L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus)
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text
}}

'''''Crambe''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of [annual](/source/annual_plant) and [perennial](/source/perennial_plant) [flowering plant](/source/flowering_plant)s in the [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) Brassicaceae, [native](/source/native_plant) to a variety of habitats in Europe, Turkey, southwest and central Asia and eastern Africa. They carry dense [raceme](/source/raceme)s of tiny white or yellow flowers on (mostly leafless) stems above the basal leaves.<ref>{{cite book|title=RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants|year=2008|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=978-1405332965|pages=1136}}</ref> ''Crambe hispanica'' subsp. ''abyssinica'', formerly known as ''[Crambe abyssinica](/source/Crambe_abyssinica)'', is grown for the oil from the seeds that has characteristics similar to [whale oil](/source/whale_oil).

The word "crambe" derives, via the Latin ''crambe'', from the Greek ''κράμβη'', a kind of cabbage.<ref>{{cite book|title=Shorter Oxford English dictionary, 6th ed.|year=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=United Kingdom|isbn=978-0199206872|pages=3804}}</ref>

''Crambe'' species are used as food plants by the [larva](/source/larva)e of the weevil ''[Lixus canescens](/source/Lixus_canescens)'' ([Coleoptera](/source/Coleoptera))<ref>''Skuhrovec, J. & Volovnik, S.'' (2015) Biology and morphology of immature stages of ''Lixus canescens'' (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae). Zootaxa, 4033(3): 350-362.</ref> and some [Lepidoptera](/source/Lepidoptera) species including the [lime-speck pug](/source/lime-speck_pug).

==Species==
Currently accepted species include:<ref name = "12477-1" >{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:12477-1 |title=''Crambe'' L. |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2017 |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=9 November 2020 }}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=24em}}
*''[Crambe alutacea](/source/Crambe_alutacea)'' <small>Hand.-Mazz.</small>
*''[Crambe arborea](/source/Crambe_arborea)'' <small>Webb ex Christ</small>
*''[Crambe armena](/source/Crambe_armena)'' <small>N.Busch</small>
*''[Crambe cordifolia](/source/Crambe_cordifolia)'' <small>Steven</small>
*''[Crambe edentula](/source/Crambe_edentula)'' <small>Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Korsh.</small>
*''[Crambe feuilleei](/source/Crambe_feuilleei)'' <small>A.Santos ex Prina & Mart.-Laborde</small>
*''[Crambe filiformis](/source/Crambe_filiformis)'' <small>Jacq.</small>
*''[Crambe fruticosa](/source/Crambe_fruticosa)'' <small>L.f.</small>
*''[Crambe gigantea](/source/Crambe_gigantea)'' <small>(Ceballos & Ortuño) Bramwell</small>
*''[Crambe gomeraea](/source/Crambe_gomeraea)'' <small>Webb ex Christ</small>
*''[Crambe gordjagini](/source/Crambe_gordjagini)'' <small>Sprygin & Popov</small>
*''[Crambe grandiflora](/source/Crambe_grandiflora)'' <small>DC.</small>
*''[Crambe grossheimii](/source/Crambe_grossheimii)'' <small>I.I.Khalilov</small>
*''[Crambe hedgei](/source/Crambe_hedgei)'' <small>I.I.Khalilov</small>
*''[Crambe hispanica](/source/Crambe_hispanica)'' <small>L.</small>
*''[Crambe juncea](/source/Crambe_juncea)'' <small>M.Bieb.</small>
*''[Crambe kilimandscharica](/source/Crambe_kilimandscharica)'' <small>O.E.Schulz</small>
*''[Crambe koktebelica](/source/Crambe_koktebelica)'' <small>(Junge) N.Busch</small>
*''[Crambe kralikii](/source/Crambe_kralikii)'' <small>Coss.</small>
*''[Crambe laevigata](/source/Crambe_laevigata)'' <small>DC. ex Christ</small>
*''[Crambe maritima](/source/Crambe_maritima)'' <small>L.</small>
*''[Crambe microcarpa](/source/Crambe_microcarpa)'' <small>A.Santos</small>
*''[Crambe orientalis](/source/Crambe_orientalis)'' <small>L.</small>
*''[Crambe pinnatifida](/source/Crambe_pinnatifida)'' <small>W.T.Aiton</small>
*''[Crambe pritzelii](/source/Crambe_pritzelii)'' <small>Bolle</small>
*''[Crambe scaberrima](/source/Crambe_scaberrima)'' <small>Webb ex Bramwell</small>
*''[Crambe schugnana](/source/Crambe_schugnana)'' <small>Korsh.</small>
*''[Crambe scoparia](/source/Crambe_scoparia)'' <small>Svent.</small>
*''[Crambe sinuatodentata](/source/Crambe_sinuatodentata)'' <small>Hochst. & G.W.Schimp.</small>
*''[Crambe steveniana](/source/Crambe_steveniana)'' <small>Rupr.</small>
*''[Crambe strigosa](/source/Crambe_strigosa)'' <small>L'Hér.</small>
*''[Crambe sventenii](/source/Crambe_sventenii)'' <small>Pett. ex Bramwell & Sunding</small>
*''[Crambe tamadabensis](/source/Crambe_tamadabensis)'' <small>Prina & Marrero Rodr.</small>
*''[Crambe tataria](/source/Crambe_tataria)'' <small>Sebeók</small>
*''[Crambe × tchalenkoae](/source/Crambe_%C3%97_tchalenkoae)'' <small>Popovich & Zernov</small>
*''[Crambe wildpretii](/source/Crambe_wildpretii)'' <small>Prina & Bramwell</small>
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Crambe (Brassicaceae)|''Crambe''}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q162902}}
{{Authority control}}

Category:Brassicaceae genera

{{Brassicaceae-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Crambe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crambe) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crambe?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.