# Count Gonghwa

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**Count Gonghwa** or **Marquess Gonghwa** (1126–1186[a]), personal name **Wang Yeong** (Korean: 왕영; Hanja: 王瑛) was a [Goryeo](/source/Goryeo) royal family member as the great-grandson of [King Munjong](/source/Munjong_of_Goryeo) who became the maternal uncle of [Huijong](/source/Huijong_of_Goryeo) and [Gangjong](/source/Gangjong_of_Goryeo).

## Biography

### Biography

Although there is not much information left about his life, but it was believed that he had a calm and quiet personality, not greedy and show great enthusiasm for his studies. During the early years of [King Uijong](/source/Uijong_of_Goryeo), he became a *Jeonjungnaegeupsa* (Korean: 전중내급사; Hanja: 殿中內給事)[1] and although the King assumed this, he did not allow it since there was no precedent for a son from the royal family who had been given the title of "Marquess" (Korean: 후; Hanja: 侯) and humbled himself with became a public servant (Korean: 공사; Hanja: 貢士)[2] from the past.

He then became **Count Gonghwa** (Korean: 공화백; Hanja: 恭化伯) on the day he married at his 30s and the King bestowed great favors upon him.[3] After his brother-in-law, [Marquess Ikyang](/source/Myeongjong_of_Goryeo) ascended the throne in 1170, Wang Yeong was promoted into **Marquess Gonghwa** (Korean: 공화후; Hanja: 恭化侯) and a devout believer in [Buddhism](/source/Buddhism) on his later years before later died in 1186 at age 61 years old.

### Relatives and marriage

Wang Yeong had 4 sisters: [Queen Janggyeong](/source/Queen_Janggyeong_of_the_Kim_clan), [Marchioness Daeryeong](/source/Marquess_Daeryeong), [Queen Uijeong](/source/Queen_Uijeong) (mother of [King Gangjong](/source/Gangjong_of_Goryeo)), [Queen Seonjeong](/source/Queen_Seonjeong_(Sinjong)) (mother of [King Huijong](/source/Huijong_of_Goryeo)) and a younger brother named Wang Jak (Korean: 왕작; Hanja: 王鷟).[4]

According to *[Goryeosa](/source/Goryeosa)*, Wang Yeong married his half second cousin once removed, [Princess Seunggyeong](/source/Princess_Seunggyeong) (승경궁주; eldest daughter of [King Injong](/source/Injong_of_Goryeo)) and together, they had two children: a daughter and a son.[5] Through his only son, he would become both brother and in-law to [Queen Janggyeong](/source/Queen_Janggyeong_of_the_Kim_clan).

- Lady Wang (왕씨, 王氏; 1150–1185), 1st daughter. She was unmarried until her death at 36 years old due to her illness in Changsin Temple (창신사, 彰信寺; Southern [Gaeseong](/source/Kaesong)).
- [Wang Myeon, Duke Gwangneung](/source/Duke_Gwangneung) (광릉공 면, 廣陵公 沔; d. 1218), 1st son. Married his first cousin (his [aunt](/source/Queen_Janggyeong_of_the_Kim_clan)'s daughter), Princess Hwasun (Korean: 화순궁주; Hanja: 和順宮主).

## Notes

1. In the [Korean calendar](/source/Korean_calendar) ([lunisolar](/source/Lunisolar_calendar)), he died on 10th day 10th month 1186.

## References

1. Yong-sun, Kim (2001). [*ko:역주 고려 묘지명 집성, Volume 1*](https://books.google.com/books?id=R3IRAQAAMAAJ&q=%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%ED%9B%84+%EC%99%95%EC%98%81+%EC%A0%84%EC%A4%91%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%89%EC%82%AC) [Compilation of the Names of Goryeo Tombs, Volume 1] (in Korean). [University of Michigan](/source/University_of_Michigan): Hallym University Press. p. 403. ISBN 9788987086330.

1. [공사(貢士) - 한국민족문화대백과사전](http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0004328) (in Korean)

1. In-ji, Jung (2001). [*高麗史*](https://books.google.com/books?id=uXMRAQAAMAAJ&q=%EC%99%95%EC%98%81+%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EB%B0%B1+%EC%B1%85%EB%B4%89) [History of Goryeo] (in Korean). [University of Michigan](/source/University_of_Michigan): Shinseowon. p. 142. ISBN 9788979400328.

1. ["ko:문종 왕자 조선공 왕도"](http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&searchTermImages=%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EB%B0%B1%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EB%B0%B1&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_090r_0010_0470/3/1/3/r) (in Korean). *[Goryeosa](/source/Goryeosa)*. Retrieved November 11, 2021.

1. ["ko:승경궁주"](http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%99%95%EC%98%81+%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%99%95%EC%98%81+%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_091r_0020_0130_0020/3/2/3/r) (in Korean). *[Goryeosa](/source/Goryeosa)*. Retrieved November 11, 2021.

## External links

- [Wang Yeong](http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0039123) on the *[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture](/source/Encyclopedia_of_Korean_Culture)* (in Korean).
- [왕영](https://www.doopedia.co.kr/mo/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view2&MAS_IDX=101013000897125) on *[Doosan Encyclopedia](/source/Doosan_Encyclopedia)* (in Korean).

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Count Gonghwa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Count_Gonghwa) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Count_Gonghwa?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.