# Consumption map

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{{Short description|Internal combustion engine standard}}
[[File:Brake_specific_fuel_consumption.svg|thumb|330x330px|Consumption map of a 1.5-[litre](/source/litre) three-cylinder diesel engine]]
A '''consumption map''' or '''efficiency map'''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QAGHZPVnnSAC&pg=PA540 Dieter Lohse und Werner Schnabel: ''Grundlagen der Straßenverkehrstechnik und der Verkehrsplanung: Band 1''], Beuth Verlag, 2011, {{ISBN|9783410172710}}.</ref> is a [chart](/source/chart) that displays the [brake-specific fuel consumption](/source/brake-specific_fuel_consumption) of an [internal combustion engine](/source/internal_combustion_engine) at a given [rotational speed](/source/Rotational_frequency) and [mean effective pressure](/source/mean_effective_pressure), in [grams](/source/Gram) per [kilowatt-hour](/source/kilowatt-hour) (g/kWh).

The map contains each possible condition combining rotational speed and mean effective pressure. The [contour line](/source/contour_line)s show brake-specific fuel consumption, indicating the areas of the speed/load regime where an engine is more or less efficient.

A typical rotation power output, '''P''' (linear to <math>p_{e} \cdot \omega</math>), is reached on multiple locations on the map that differ in the amount of fuel consumption. [Automatic transmission](/source/Automatic_transmission)s are therefore designed to keep the engine at the speed with the lowest possible fuel consumption for a given power output under standard driving conditions.

Overall [thermal efficiency](/source/thermal_efficiency) can depend on the fuel used; [diesel](/source/Diesel_fuel) and [gasoline](/source/gasoline) engines can reach up to 210&nbsp;g/kWh and about 40% efficiency. [Natural gas](/source/Natural_gas_vehicle) can yield an overall efficiency of about 200&nbsp;g/kWh.<ref>Rainer Golloch, ''Downsizing bei Dieselmotoren'', Abschnitt ''2.1.3 Verbrennung'', 1.</ref> Average fuel consumption values are 160–180&nbsp;g/kWh for slower [two-stroke](/source/Two-stroke_engine) diesel [cargo ship](/source/cargo_ship) engines using [fuel oil](/source/fuel_oil), reaching up to 55% efficiency at 300&nbsp;rpm; 195–210&nbsp;g/kWh for [turbodiesel](/source/Turbo-diesel) passenger cars; 195–225&nbsp;g/kWh for trucks; and 250–350&nbsp;g/kWh for [naturally aspirated](/source/Naturally_aspirated_engine) [Otto cycle](/source/Otto_cycle) [gasoline](/source/Petrol_engine) passenger cars.<ref>Table 1 in Konrad Reif, "''Dieselmotor-Management im Überblick''", Abschnitt  Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2014, {{ISBN|978-3-658-06554-6}}</ref>

== Literature ==
* (German) Richard van Basshuysen: ''Handbuch Verbrennungsmotor'', Fred Schäfer; 3. Auflage; 2005; Vieweg Verlag

== References ==
<references />

Category:Internal combustion engine
Category:Engine technology
Category:Thermodynamics
Category:Diagrams

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