# Cone clutch

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{{Short description|Type of clutch}}
right|thumb|Schematic drawing of a cone clutch: <br />
1. Cones: <span style="color:#227733;">female cone (green)</span>, <span style="color:#335577;">male cone (blue)</span><br />
2. Shaft: male cone is sliding on the splines<br />
3. Friction material: usually on female cone, here on male cone<br />
4. Spring: brings the male cone back after using the clutch control<br />
5. Clutch control: separating both cones by pressing<br />
6. Rotating direction: both direction of the axis are possible
A '''cone clutch''' serves the same purpose as a disk or plate [clutch](/source/clutch); however, instead of mating two spinning disks, the cone clutch uses two conical surfaces to transmit [torque](/source/torque) by friction.<ref>{{cite book |title=Design Of Machine Elements, Volume 2 |author=Rao, T Krishna |publisher=I. K. International Pvt Ltd |year=2010 |page=453 |isbn=9789380026633 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HsN_j4i90zoC&pg=PA453}}</ref>

The cone clutch transfers a higher torque than plate or disk clutches of the same size due to the wedging action and increased surface area. Cone clutches are generally now only used in low-peripheral-speed applications, although they were once common in automobiles and other [internal combustion engine](/source/internal_combustion_engine) [transmission](/source/Transmission_(mechanics))s.<ref>{{cite book |title=Auto Racing Comes of Age: A Transatlantic View of the Cars, Drivers and Speedways, 1900-1925 |last=Dick |first=Robert |publisher=McFarland |year=2013 |pages=22, 69, 80, 111, 164, 201 |isbn=9780786488117 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S1xFg2-s2w0C&dq=cone+clutch&pg=PA22}}</ref>

They are usually now confined to very specialist transmissions used in racing, rallying, or extreme [off-road vehicle](/source/off-road_vehicle)s, although they are common in [power boat](/source/power_boat)s,<ref>{{cite journal |title=Diesel Power '88 |journal=Motor Boating & Sailing |volume=160 |issue=1 |page=74 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-fitxomdn8UC&dq=cone+clutch&pg=RA2-PA74|date=July 1987 }}</ref> [dredge](/source/Dredging) pumps and other ship-drive lines.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MESLU clutch system|url=https://www.vulkan.com/en-us/couplings/Documents/Technische-Datenbroschueren-original/technical_data_meslu_012019.pdf.pdf|url-status=live|website=VULKAN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202062055/https://www.vulkan.com/en-us/couplings/Documents/Technische-Datenbroschueren-original/technical_data_meslu_012019.pdf.pdf |archive-date=2022-02-02 }}</ref> This is because the clutch does not have to be pushed in all the way, which allows the gears to be changed more quickly. Small cone clutches are used in synchronizer mechanisms in [manual transmission](/source/manual_transmission)s and some [limited-slip differential](/source/limited-slip_differential)s.<ref>{{cite book |title=TechOne: Manual transmissions |author=Erjavec, Jack |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2003 |isbn=9781401834005 |page=215 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ca8HQKz6l0MC&pg=PA215}}</ref>

== Applications ==
[[File:Conical clutch.png|thumb|left|Cone clutch of a walk-behind [sickle mower](/source/sickle_mower)]]
* Cone clutches are used in various manual transmissions, such as synchronisers.
* They are used in various heavy machines, since they can transmit high torque.
* These clutches are generally used in low-peripheral-speed applications.
* Cone clutches are commonly used in power racing boats.
* Cone clutches are used in racing and rallying vehicles.
* Cone clutches are used in some automobiles and other combustion engine transmissions.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Cone clutches}}
*[https://www.automobileinformer.com Automobile Informer] (2021) | By Krushna Sawant - What is a Cone Clutch mechanism?
*[https://www.roymech.co.uk/Useful_Tables/Drive/Cone_Clutch.html Cone Clutch - Roymech - additional information about cone clutches (including diagrams)]

Category:Clutches
Category:Automotive transmission technologies

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cone clutch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_clutch) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_clutch?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.