# Concurrent object-oriented programming

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Programming paradigm

**Concurrent object-oriented programming** is a [programming paradigm](/source/Programming_paradigm) which combines [object-oriented programming](/source/Object-oriented_programming) (OOP) together with [concurrency](/source/Concurrency_(computer_science)). While numerous programming languages, such as [Java](/source/Java_(programming_language)), combine OOP with concurrency mechanisms like [threads](/source/Thread_(computing)), the phrase "concurrent object-oriented programming" primarily refers to systems where objects themselves are a concurrency primitive, such as when objects are combined with the [actor model](/source/Actor_model).

## See also

- [Active object](/source/Active_object)

## External links

- [\[1\]](https://web.archive.org/web/20131001200403/http://www.python.org/workshops/1997-10/proceedings/atom/atom.html)

- [Concurrent Object-Oriented Languages and the Inheritance Anomaly](http://people.cs.vt.edu/~kafura/PreviousPapers/coop-isipcala93.pdf)

- ["Composing Active Objects: The Next 700 Concurrent Object-Oriented Languages"](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/pdf/1bd5860e9de5b12789e90b952f3ee3468e470fce). 1993. [CiteSeerX](/source/CiteSeerX_(identifier)) [10.1.1.91.5009](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.91.5009).

v t e Programming paradigms Imperative Structured Jackson structures Block-structured Modular Non-structured Procedural Programming in the large and in the small Design by contract Invariant-based Nested function Object-oriented Class-based, Prototype-based, Object-based Agent Immutable object Persistent Uniform function call syntax Declarative Functional Recursive Anonymous function (Partial application) Higher-order Purely functional Total Strict GADTs Dependent types Functional logic Point-free style Expression-oriented Applicative, Concatenative Function-level, Value-level Monad Dataflow Flow-based Reactive (Functional reactive) Signals Streams Synchronous Logic Abductive logic Answer set Constraint (Constraint logic) Inductive logic Nondeterministic Ontology Probabilistic logic Query Domain- specific language (DSL) Algebraic modeling Array Automata-based (Action) Command (Spacecraft) Differentiable End-user Grammar-oriented Interface description Language-oriented List comprehension Low-code Modeling Natural language Non-English-based Page description Pipes and filters Probabilistic Quantum Scientific Scripting Set-theoretic Simulation Stack-based System Tactile Templating Transformation (Graph rewriting, Production, Pattern) Visual Concurrent, parallel Actor-based Automatic mutual exclusion Choreographic programming Concurrent logic (Concurrent constraint logic) Concurrent OO Macroprogramming Multitier programming Organic computing Parallel programming models Partitioned global address space Process-oriented Relativistic programming Service-oriented Structured concurrency Metaprogramming Attribute-oriented Automatic (Inductive) Dynamic Extensible Generic Homoiconicity Interactive Macro (Hygienic) Metalinguistic abstraction Multi-stage Program synthesis (Bayesian, by demonstration, by example, vibe coding) Reflective Self-modifying code Symbolic Template Separation of concerns Aspects Components Data-driven Data-oriented Event-driven Features Literate Roles Subjects Comparisons/Lists Comparison (multi-paradigm, object-oriented, functional), List (OO, by type)

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