# Comune

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Third-level administrative division of Italy

"Comunes" redirects here. For the non-profit collective, see [Comunes Collective](/source/Comunes_Collective). For other uses, see [Commune (disambiguation)](/source/Commune_(disambiguation)).

Municipalities of Italy Comuni (Italian) Category Regionalised unitary state Location Italian Republic Number 7,896 Populations 33 (Morterone) – 2,751,747 (Rome) Areas 0.1124 km2 (0.0434 sq mi) (Atrani) – 1,286.7305 km2 (496.8094 sq mi) (Rome) Government Comunal Government, Provincial Government, Regional Government, National Government Subdivisions Frazioni, circoscrizioni and municipi

**[Administrative divisions of Italy](/source/Italy#Administrative_divisions)**:
[Regions](/source/Regions_of_Italy) (black borders)
[Provinces](/source/Provinces_of_Italy) (dark gray borders)
*Comuni* (light grey borders)

A ***comune*** (pronounced [\[koˈmuːne\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian); pl.: *comuni*, pronounced [\[koˈmuːni\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian)) is an [administrative division](/source/Administrative_division) of [Italy](/source/Italy), roughly equivalent to a [township](/source/Township) or [municipality](/source/Municipality).[1] It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions (*[regioni](/source/Regions_of_Italy)*) and provinces (*[province](/source/Provinces_of_Italy)*). The *comune* can also have the [title of](/source/City_status_in_Italy) *città* (lit. 'city').[2]

Formed *[praeter legem](/source/Praeter_legem)* according to the principles consolidated in [medieval municipalities](/source/Medieval_commune),[3] the *comune* is provided for by article 114 of the [Constitution of Italy](/source/Constitution_of_Italy).[4] It can be divided into *[frazioni](/source/Frazione)*, which in turn may have limited power due to special elective assemblies.[5]

In the autonomous region of the [Aosta Valley](/source/Aosta_Valley), a *comune* is officially called a *commune* in French.

## Overview

The *comune* provides essential public services: [registry](/source/Civil_registry) of births and deaths, [registry of deeds](/source/Registry_of_deeds), and maintenance of local roads and public works.[6][7][8] Many *comuni* have a *[Polizia Comunale](/source/Municipal_police_(Italy))* (lit. 'Communal Police'), which is responsible for public order duties.[9] The *comune* also deal with the definition and compliance with the *piano regolatore generale* (lit. 'general regulator plan'), a document that regulates the building activity within the communal area.[10]

All communal structures or schools, sports and cultural structures such as communal libraries, theaters, etc. are managed by the *comuni*.[11] *Comuni* must have their own communal statute and have a climatic and seismic classification of their territory for the purposes of hazard mitigation and [civil protection](/source/Civil_protection).[12] *Comuni* also deal with the [waste management](/source/Waste_management).[13]

It is headed by a [mayor](/source/Mayor#Italy) (*sindaco* or *sindaca*) assisted by a legislative body, the *consiglio comunale* (lit. 'communal council'), and an executive body, the *giunta comunale* (lit. 'communal committee').[14] The mayor and members of the *consiglio comunale* are elected together by resident citizens: the coalition of the elected mayor (who needs a relative majority or an absolute majority in the first or second round of voting, depending on the population) gains three fifths of the *consiglio*'s seats.[15]

The *giunta comunale* is chaired by the mayor, who appoints others members, called *[assessori](/source/Assessor_(Italy))*, one of whom serves as deputy mayor (*vicesindaco*).[16] The offices of the *comune* are housed in a building usually called the *municipio*, or *palazzo comunale* (lit. '[town hall](/source/Town_hall)').[17]

As of January 2021, there were 7,904 *comuni* in Italy;[18] they vary considerably in size and population. For example, the *comune* of [Rome](/source/Rome), in [Lazio](/source/Lazio), has an area of 1,287.36 km2 (497.05 sq mi) and a population of 2,758,454 inhabitants, and is both the largest and the most populated.[19]

[Mural crown](/source/Mural_crown) for the title of *comune*. It is located in the upper part of the coat of arms of the *comune*.

[Atrani](/source/Atrani) in the [province of Salerno](/source/Province_of_Salerno) ([Campania](/source/Campania)) is the smallest *comune* by area, with only 0.1206 km2 (0.0466 sq mi),[20] and [Morterone](/source/Morterone) ([Lombardy](/source/Lombardy)) is the smallest by population.[21] Many present-day *comuni* trace their roots along timescales spanning centuries and at times millennia.[22][23]

The northernmost *comune* is [Predoi](/source/Predoi), the southernmost one [Lampedusa e Linosa](/source/Lampedusa_e_Linosa), the westernmost [Bardonecchia](/source/Bardonecchia) and the easternmost [Otranto](/source/Otranto).[24] The *comune* with the longest name is [San Valentino in Abruzzo Citeriore](/source/San_Valentino_in_Abruzzo_Citeriore),[25] while the *comuni* with the shortest name are [Lu](/source/Lu%2C_Piedmont), [Ro](/source/Ro%2C_Emilia-Romagna), [Ne](/source/Ne%2C_Liguria), [Re](/source/Re%2C_Piedmont) and [Vo'](/source/Vo').[26]

The population density of the *comuni* varies widely by [province](/source/Provinces_of_Italy) and [region](/source/Regions_of_Italy). The [province of Barletta-Andria-Trani](/source/Province_of_Barletta-Andria-Trani), for example, has 381,091 inhabitants in 10 *comuni*,[27] or over 39,000 inhabitants per *comune*; whereas the [province of Isernia](/source/Province_of_Isernia) has 81,415 inhabitants in 52 *comuni*,[28] or 1,640 inhabitants per *comune*—roughly 24 times more communal units per inhabitant.

The coats of arms of the *comuni* are assigned by decree of the [Prime Minister of Italy](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Italy) by the Office of State Ceremonial and Honors, Honors and Heraldry Service (division of the Presidency of the Council born from the transformation of the Royal *[Consulta Araldica](/source/Consulta_Araldica)*, eliminated pursuant to the provisions final of the [Constitution of Italy](/source/Constitution_of_Italy)).[29]

## Subdivisions

Number of comuni and population in Italy[18][30] Year Number Population Pop/Comune 1861 7,720 22,171,946 2,872 1871 8,383 27,295,509 3,256 1881 8,260 28,951,546 3,505 1901 8,263 32,963,316 3,989 1911 8,324 35,841,563 4,306 1921 9,195 39,396,757 4,285 1931 7,311 41,043,489 5,614 1936 7,339 42,398,489 5,777 1951 7,810 47,515,537 6,084 1961 8,035 50,623,569 6,300 1971 8,056 54,136,547 6,720 1981 8,086 56,556,911 6,994 1991 8,100 56,885,336 7,023 2001 8,101 56,995,744 7,036 2011 8,092 59,433,744 7,345 2021 7,904 59,236,213 7,494

Administrative subdivisions within *comuni* vary according to their population size.

*Comuni* with at least 250,000 residents are divided into *[circoscrizioni](/source/Circoscrizione)*[31] (roughly equivalent to French [arrondissements](/source/Municipal_arrondissements_of_France) or [London boroughs](/source/London_borough)) to which the *comune* delegates administrative functions such as the running of schools, social services and waste collection; the delegated functions vary from *comune* to *comune*. These bodies are headed by an elected president and a local council.

Smaller *comuni* usually comprise:

- A main city, town or village, that almost always gives its name to the *comune*; such a place is referred to as the *capoluogo* (lit. 'head-place' or 'capital'; [cf.](/source/Confer)Tooltip confer the [French](/source/France) *[chef-lieu](/source/Chef-lieu#In_France)*) of the *comune*; the word *comune* is also used in casual speech to refer to the city hall.

- Outlying areas often called *[frazioni](/source/Frazione)* (sing.: *frazione*, abbreviated: *fraz.*; lit. 'fraction'), each usually centred on a small town or village. These *frazioni* usually never had pasts as independent settlements, but occasionally are former smaller *comuni* consolidated into a larger one. They may also represent settlements which predate the *capoluogo*. The ancient town of [Pollentia](/source/Pollentia) (today Pollenzo), for instance, is a *[frazione](/source/Frazione)* of [Bra](/source/Bra_(CN)). In recent years the *frazioni* have become more important due to the institution of the *consiglio di frazione* (lit. 'fraction council'), a local form of [government](/source/Government) which can interact with the *comune* to address local needs, requests and claims. Even smaller places are called *[località](/source/Localit%C3%A0)* (abbreviated: *loc.*; lit. 'localities').

- Smaller administrative divisions called *[municipi](/source/Municipio)*,[32] which are similar to [districts](/source/District) and [neighbourhoods](/source/Neighbourhood).

Sometimes a *frazione* might be more populated than the *capoluogo*; and rarely, owing to unusual circumstances (such as depopulation), the town hall and its administrative functions can be moved to one of the *frazioni*, but the *comune* still retains the name of the *capoluogo*.

In some cases, a *comune* might not have the same name as the *capoluogo*. In these cases, it is a *comune sparso* (lit. '[dispersed](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sparse) municipality') and the *frazione* which hosts the town hall (*municipio*) is a *sede municipale* (compare [county seat](/source/County_seat)).

### *Rione*

See also: [Rioni of Rome](/source/Rioni_of_Rome)

Some towns refer to neighborhoods within a *comune* as a ***rione*** (Italian: [\[riˈoːne\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian); pl.: *rioni*) or a *contrada* (pl.: *contrade*). The term originated from the administrative divisions of Rome, and is derived from the [Latin](/source/Latin) word *regio* (pl.: *regiones*), 'region'. All currently extant *rioni* are located in [Municipio I](/source/Municipio_I) of Rome.[33] The term has been adopted as a synonym of *[quartiere](/source/Quartiere)* in the Italian *comuni*.[33] *Terzieri*, *quartieri*, *sestieri*, *rioni*, and their analogues are usually no longer administrative divisions of these towns, but historical and traditional communities, seen especially in towns' annual [Palio](/source/Palio).

#### *Terziere*

A ***terziere*** (pl.: *terzieri*) is a subdivision of several towns in Italy. The word derives from *[terzo](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/terzo#Italian)* (lit. 'third') and is thus used only for towns divided into three neighborhoods. *Terzieri* are most commonly found in [Umbria](/source/Umbria), for example in [Trevi](/source/Trevi%2C_Umbria), [Spello](/source/Spello), [Narni](/source/Narni) and [Città della Pieve](/source/Citt%C3%A0_della_Pieve); towns divided into *terzieri* in other regions include [Lucca](/source/Lucca) in [Tuscany](/source/Tuscany), and [Ancona](/source/Ancona) and [Macerata](/source/Macerata) in the [Marches](/source/March_(territory)). The medieval [Lordship of Negroponte](/source/Triarchy_of_Negroponte), on the island of [Euboea](/source/Euboea), was also divided into three distinct rulerships, which were known as *terzieri*.

#### *Quartiere*

A ***quartiere*** (Italian: [\[kwarˈtjɛːre\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian); pl.: *quartieri*) is a territorial subdivision, properly used, for towns divided into four neighborhoods (*quarto*; lit. 'fourth') by the two main roads. It has been later used as a synonymous of neighbourhood, and an Italian town can be now subdivided into a larger number of *quartieri*. The Swiss town of [Lugano](/source/Lugano) (in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino) is also subdivided into quarters.[34]

The English word *[quarter](/source/Quarter_(urban_subdivision))* to mean an urban neighbourhood (e.g. the French Quarter in New Orleans, Louisiana) is derived from the cognate old French word *quartier*.

#### *Sestiere*

The [*sestieri* of Venice](/source/Venice#Sestieri):
  Cannaregio

  Castello

  San Marco

  Dorsoduro

  San Polo

  Santa Croce

A ***sestiere*** (pl.: *sestieri*) is a subdivision of certain Italian towns and cities. The word is from *sesto* (lit. 'sixth'), so it is thus used only for towns divided into six districts. The best-known example is the [*sestieri* of Venice](/source/Venice#Sestieri), but [Ascoli Piceno](/source/Ascoli_Piceno), [Genoa](/source/Genoa), [Milan](/source/Milan) and [Rapallo](/source/Rapallo), for example, were also divided into *sestieri*. The medieval [Lordship of Negroponte](/source/Triarchy_of_Negroponte), on the island of [Euboea](/source/Euboea), was also at times divided into six districts, each with a separate ruler, through the arbitration of Venice, which were known as *sestieri*. The island of [Crete](/source/Crete), a Venetian colony (the [Kingdom of Candia](/source/Kingdom_of_Candia)) from the [Fourth Crusade](/source/Fourth_Crusade), was also divided into six parts, named after the *sestieri* of Venice herself, while the capital [Candia](/source/Heraklion) retained the status of a *comune* of Venice. The island of [Burano](/source/Burano) north of Venice is also subdivided into *sestieri*.

A variation of the word is occasionally found: the *comune* of [Leonessa](/source/Leonessa), for example, is divided into *sesti* or sixths.

## Homonymy

There are not many perfect homonymous *comuni*. There are only five cases in 10 *comuni*:[35]

- Castro: [Castro, Apulia](/source/Castro%2C_Apulia) and [Castro, Lombardy](/source/Castro%2C_Lombardy)

- Livo: [Livo, Lombardy](/source/Livo%2C_Lombardy) and [Livo, Trentino](/source/Livo%2C_Trentino)

- Peglio: [Peglio, Lombardy](/source/Peglio%2C_Lombardy) and [Peglio, Marche](/source/Peglio%2C_Marche)

- Samone: [Samone, Piedmont](/source/Samone%2C_Piedmont) and [Samone, Trentino](/source/Samone%2C_Trentino)

- San Teodoro: [San Teodoro, Sardinia](/source/San_Teodoro%2C_Sardinia) and [San Teodoro, Sicily](/source/San_Teodoro%2C_Sicily)

This is mostly due to the fact the name of the province or region was appended to the name of the *comune* in order to avoid the confusion. Two provincial capitals share the name *Reggio*: [Reggio nell'Emilia](/source/Reggio_Emilia), the capital of the [province of Reggio Emilia](/source/Province_of_Reggio_Emilia), in the [Emilia-Romagna](/source/Emilia-Romagna) region, and [Reggio di Calabria](/source/Reggio_Calabria), the capital of the [homonymous metropolitan city](/source/Metropolitan_City_of_Reggio_Calabria), in the [Calabria](/source/Calabria) region. Many other towns or villages are likewise partial homonyms (e.g. [Anzola dell'Emilia](/source/Anzola_dell'Emilia) and [Anzola d'Ossola](/source/Anzola_d'Ossola), or [Bagnara Calabra](/source/Bagnara_Calabra) and [Bagnara di Romagna](/source/Bagnara_di_Romagna)).

## Title of city

Mural crown for the title of *città* ('[city](/source/City)')

The title of *città* (lit. '[city](/source/City)') in Italy is granted to *comuni* that have been awarded it by decree of the [King of Italy](/source/King_of_Italy) (until 1946) or of the provisional head of state (from 1946 to 1948) or, subsequently, of the [President of the Republic](/source/President_of_Italy) (after 1948), on the proposal of the [Ministry of the Interior](/source/Ministry_of_the_Interior_(Italy)), to which the *comune* concerned sends an application for a concession, by virtue of their historical, artistic, civic or demographic importance.[2]

The *comuni* endowed with the title of *città* usually carry the golden crown above their coat of arms, except with different provisions in the decree approving the coat of arms or in the presence). "The crown of the city ([...]) is formed by a golden circle opened by eight city gates (five visible) with two cordoned walls on the margins, supporting eight towers (five visible) joined by curtain walls, all in gold and black walled."[36]

## Statistics

### Largest *comuni* by area

The following is a list of the largest *comuni* in Italy, in descending order of surface area, according to [ISTAT](/source/Italian_National_Institute_of_Statistics) data referring to 9 October 2011.[37] The [provincial](/source/Provinces_of_Italy) capitals are highlighted in bold.

[Rome](/source/Rome)

Rank Comune Region Province Area (km2) 1 Rome Lazio Rome 1,287.36 km2 (497.05 sq mi) 2 Ravenna Emilia-Romagna Ravenna 653.82 km2 (252.44 sq mi) 3 Cerignola Apulia Foggia 593.93 km2 (229.32 sq mi) 4 Noto Sicily Syracuse 554.99 km2 (214.28 sq mi) 5 Sassari Sardinia Sassari 547.04 km2 (211.21 sq mi) 6 Monreale Sicily Palermo 530.18 km2 (204.70 sq mi) 7 Gubbio Umbria Perugia 525.78 km2 (203.00 sq mi) 8 Foggia Apulia Foggia 509.26 km2 (196.63 sq mi) 9 L'Aquila Abruzzo L'Aquila 473.91 km2 (182.98 sq mi) 10 Grosseto Tuscany Grosseto 473.55 km2 (182.84 sq mi) 11 Perugia Umbria Perugia 449.51 km2 (173.56 sq mi) 12 Ragusa Sicily Ragusa 444.67 km2 (171.69 sq mi) 13 Altamura Apulia Bari 431.38 km2 (166.56 sq mi) 14 Caltanissetta Sicily Caltanissetta 421.25 km2 (162.65 sq mi) 15 Venice Veneto Venice 415.90 km2 (160.58 sq mi) 16 Viterbo Lazio Viterbo 406.23 km2 (156.85 sq mi) 17 Ferrara Emilia-Romagna Ferrara 405.16 km2 (156.43 sq mi) 18 Andria Apulia Barletta-Andria-Trani 402.89 km2 (155.56 sq mi) 19 Matera Basilicata Matera 392.09 km2 (151.39 sq mi) 20 Città di Castello Umbria Perugia 387.32 km2 (149.55 sq mi) 21 Gravina in Puglia Apulia Bari 384.74 km2 (148.55 sq mi) 22 Arezzo Tuscany Arezzo 384.70 km2 (148.53 sq mi) 23 Olbia Sardinia Sassari 383.64 km2 (148.12 sq mi) 24 Caltagirone Sicily Catania 383.38 km2 (148.02 sq mi) 25 Manciano Tuscany Grosseto 372.51 km2 (143.83 sq mi) 26 Enna Sicily Enna 358.75 km2 (138.51 sq mi) 27 Manfredonia Apulia Foggia 354.54 km2 (136.89 sq mi) 28 Spoleto Umbria Perugia 348.14 km2 (134.42 sq mi) 29 Corigliano-Rossano Calabria Cosenza 346.56 km2 (133.81 sq mi) 30 Cortona Tuscany Arezzo 342.97 km2 (132.42 sq mi)

### Smallest *comuni* by area

The following is a list of the smallest *comuni* in Italy, in ascending order of surface area, according to [ISTAT](/source/Italian_National_Institute_of_Statistics) data referring to 9 October 2011.[37]

[Atrani](/source/Atrani)

Rank Comune Region Province Area (km2) 1 Atrani Campania Salerno 0.1206 km2 (0.0466 sq mi) 2 Miagliano Piedmont Biella 0.6678 km2 (0.2578 sq mi) 3 Fiorano al Serio Lombardy Bergamo 1.0601 km2 (0.4093 sq mi) 4 Conca dei Marini Campania Salerno 1.1281 km2 (0.4356 sq mi) 5 Roccafiorita Sicily Messina 1.1682 km2 (0.4510 sq mi) 6 Solza Lombardy Bergamo 1.2278 km2 (0.4741 sq mi) 7 Maslianico Lombardy Como 1.2885 km2 (0.4975 sq mi) 8 San Lorenzo al Mare Liguria Imperia 1.2886 km2 (0.4975 sq mi) 9 Crosio della Valle Lombardy Varese 1.4407 km2 (0.5563 sq mi) 10 Ferrera di Varese Lombardy Varese 1.5265 km2 (0.5894 sq mi) 11 Casavatore Campania Naples 1.5267 km2 (0.5895 sq mi) 12 Piario Lombardy Bergamo 1.5451 km2 (0.5966 sq mi) 14 Vajont Friuli-Venezia Giulia Pordenone 1.5860 km2 (0.6124 sq mi) 15 Arizzano Piedmont Verbano-Cusio-Ossola 1.5995 km2 (0.6176 sq mi) 16 Longone al Segrino Lombardy Como 1.6045 km2 (0.6195 sq mi) 17 Viganò Lombardy Lecco 1.6049 km2 (0.6197 sq mi) 18 Brunello Lombardy Varese 1.6200 km2 (0.6255 sq mi) 19 Camparada Lombardy Monza e Brianza 1.6337 km2 (0.6308 sq mi) 20 Caines Trentino-Alto Adige South Tyrol 1.6345 km2 (0.6311 sq mi) 21 Curti Campania Caserta 1.6894 km2 (0.6523 sq mi) 22 Castel Rozzone Lombardy Bergamo 1.7066 km2 (0.6589 sq mi) 23 Lozza Lombardy Varese 1.7100 km2 (0.6602 sq mi) 24 Aci Bonaccorsi Sicily Catania 1.7243 km2 (0.6658 sq mi) 25 Calvignasco Lombardy Milan 1.7272 km2 (0.6669 sq mi) 26 Ventotene Lazio Latina 1.7454 km2 (0.6739 sq mi) 27 Lirio Lombardy Pavia 1.7457 km2 (0.6740 sq mi) 28 Masciago Primo Lombardy Varese 1.8082 km2 (0.6981 sq mi) 29 Montello Lombardy Bergamo 1.8156 km2 (0.7010 sq mi) 30 Carzano Trentino-Alto Adige Trentino 1.8202 km2 (0.7028 sq mi)

### Highest *comuni* by altitude

The following is a list of the first *comuni* by altitude, in descending order.[38] The indicated altitude coincides with the height above [sea level](/source/Sea_level) of the town hall.

[Sestriere](/source/Sestriere)

Rank Comune Region Province Altitude (meters above the sea level) 1 Sestriere Piedmont Turin 2,035 m (6,677 ft) 2 Chamois Aosta Valley — 1,818 m (5,965 ft) 3 Livigno Lombardy Sondrio 1,816 m (5,958 ft) 4 Claviere Piedmont Turin 1,760 m (5,770 ft) 5 Rhêmes-Notre-Dame Aosta Valley — 1,725 m (5,659 ft) 6 Ayas Aosta Valley — 1,699 m (5,574 ft) 7 Argentera Piedmont Cuneo 1,684 m (5,525 ft) 8 Valgrisenche Aosta Valley — 1,664 m (5,459 ft) 9 La Magdeleine Aosta Valley — 1,644 m (5,394 ft) 10 Elva Piedmont Cuneo 1,637 m (5,371 ft) 11 Gressoney-La-Trinité Aosta Valley — 1,635 m (5,364 ft) 12 Ceresole Reale Piedmont Turin 1,620 m (5,310 ft) 13 Pontechianale Piedmont Cuneo 1,614 m (5,295 ft) 14 Bionaz Aosta Valley — 1,606 m (5,269 ft) 15 Bellino Piedmont Cuneo 1,572 m (5,157 ft) 16 Corvara in Badia Trentino-Alto Adige South Tyrol 1,568 m (5,144 ft) 17 Selva di Val Gardena Trentino-Alto Adige South Tyrol 1,563 m (5,128 ft) 18 Sauze di Cesana Piedmont Turin 1,560 m (5,120 ft) 19 Cogne Aosta Valley — 1,544 m (5,066 ft) 20 Valsavarenche Aosta Valley — 1,541 m (5,056 ft) 21 Valtournenche Aosta Valley — 1,528 m (5,013 ft) 22 Pragelato Piedmont Turin 1,524 m (5,000 ft) 23 Curon Venosta Trentino-Alto Adige South Tyrol 1,520 m (4,990 ft) 24 Saint-Rhémy-en-Bosses Aosta Valley — 1,519 m (4,984 ft) 25 Sauze d'Oulx Piedmont Turin 1,509 m (4,951 ft) 26 Foppolo Lombardy Bergamo 1,508 m (4,948 ft) 27 Torgnon Aosta Valley — 1,489 m (4,885 ft) 28 Predoi Trentino-Alto Adige South Tyrol 1,475 m (4,839 ft) 29 Livinallongo del Col di Lana Veneto Belluno 1,475 m (4,839 ft) 30 Canazei Trentino-Alto Adige Trentino 1,465 m (4,806 ft)

### Largest *comuni* by population

List of the first *comuni* by population in descending order, according to [ISTAT](/source/Italian_National_Institute_of_Statistics) data updated to 28 February 2022.[39] The [regional](/source/Regions_of_Italy) capitals are in bold.

[Milan](/source/Milan)

Rank Comune Region Province Inhabitants 1 Rome Lazio Rome 2,758,454 2 Milan Lombardy Milan 1,371,606 3 Naples Campania Naples 912,954 4 Turin Piedmont Turin 846 067 5 Palermo Sicily Palermo 628 883 6 Genoa Liguria Genoa 560 155 7 Bologna Emilia-Romagna Bologna 392,593 8 Florence Tuscany Florence 367,051 9 Bari Apulia Bari 316,113 10 Catania Sicily Catania 297,761 11 Verona Veneto Verona 257,176 12 Venice Veneto Venice 254,367 13 Messina Sicily Messina 219,565 14 Padua Veneto Padua 208,561 15 Prato Tuscany Prato 200,647 16 Trieste Friuli-Venezia Giulia Trieste 200,454 17 Parma Emilia-Romagna Parma 196,982 18 Brescia Lombardy Brescia 196,727 19 Taranto Apulia Taranto 188,848 20 Modena Emilia-Romagna Modena 185,628 21 Reggio Calabria Calabria Reggio Calabria 171,546 22 Reggio Emilia Emilia-Romagna Reggio Emilia 169,100 23 Perugia Umbria Perugia 163,614 24 Ravenna Emilia-Romagna Ravenna 155,968 25 Livorno Tuscany Livorno 153,901 26 Rimini Emilia-Romagna Rimini 150,068 27 Cagliari Sardinia Cagliari 148,697 28 Foggia Apulia Foggia 146,213 29 Ferrara Emilia-Romagna Ferrara 131,066 30 Salerno Campania Salerno 127,840

### *Comuni* by demographic ranges

The data is updated as of 1 January 2021.[40]

Map of Italy's population density at the 2011 census

Demographic range Comuni Population Number % Residents % more than 500,000 inhab. 6 0.08% 7,170,310 12.10% from 250,000 to 499,999 inhab. 6 0.08% 1,874,966 3.16% from 100,000 to 249,999 inhab. 32 0.40% 4,749,945 8.02% from 60,000 to 99,999 inhab. 58 0.73% 4,446,634 7.50% from 20,000 to 59,999 inhab. 404 5.11% 13,253,362 22.37% from 10,000 to 19,999 inhab. 698 8.83% 9,662,013 16.31% from 5,000 to 9,999 inhab. 1,179 14.92% 8,331,631 14.06% from 3,000 to 4,999 inhab. 1,087 13.75% 4,222,171 7.13% from 2,000 to 2,999 inhab. 921 11.65% 2,258,907 3.81% from 1,000 to 1,999 inhab. 1,520 19.23% 2,213,443 3.74% from 500 to 999 inhab. 1,101 13.93% 811,919 1.37% less than 500 inhab. 892 11.29% 262,265 0.44% Total 7,904 100.00% 59,257,566 100.00%

### Demographic ranges by macroregion

The data is updated as of 1 January 2021.[40]

Demographic range Number of comuni Resident population North Centre South North Centre South more than 500,000 inhab. 3 1 2 2,804,841 2,783,809 1,581,660 from 250,000 to 499,999 inhab. 3 1 2 907,910 359,755 607,301 from 100,000 to 249,999 inhab. 17 5 10 2,503,474 749,523 1,496,948 from 60,000 to 99,999 inhab. 16 16 26 1,289,906 1,253,707 1,903,021 from 20,000 to 59,999 inhab. 158 78 168 4,974,716 2,647,385 5,631,261 from 10,000 to 19,999 inhab. 353 115 230 4,824,497 1,655,230 3,182,286 from 5,000 to 9,999 inhab. 672 155 352 4,723,268 1,139,230 2,469,133 from 3,000 to 4,999 inhab. 620 141 326 2,404,254 549,864 1,268,053 from 2,000 to 2,999 inhab. 501 100 320 1,229,705 242,581 786,621 from 1,000 to 1,999 inhab. 793 182 545 1,155,222 270,306 787,915 from 500 to 999 inhab. 627 110 364 458,324 82,312 271,283 less than 500 inhab. 622 64 206 175,415 19,431 67,419 Total 4,385 968 2,551 27,451,532 11,753,133 20,052,901

## See also

- [Italy portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Italy)
- [Politics portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Politics)

- [Regions of Italy](/source/Regions_of_Italy)

- [Metropolitan cities of Italy](/source/Metropolitan_cities_of_Italy)

- [Provinces of Italy](/source/Provinces_of_Italy)

- [List of municipalities of Italy](/source/List_of_municipalities_of_Italy)

- [List of renamed municipalities in Italy](/source/List_of_renamed_municipalities_in_Italy)

- [Alphabetical list of municipalities of Italy](/source/Alphabetical_list_of_municipalities_of_Italy)

- [Fusion of municipalities of Italy](/source/Fusion_of_municipalities_of_Italy)

- [Municipalities of Switzerland](/source/Municipalities_of_Switzerland) – those in [Italian-speaking areas of the country](/source/Swiss_Italian) are called *comuni*

- *[Circoscrizione](/source/Circoscrizione)*

- *[Frazione](/source/Frazione)*

- *[Località](/source/Localit%C3%A0)*

- [*Rioni* of Rome](/source/Rioni_of_Rome)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Italian communes ordered alphabetically"](https://www.italyheritage.com/regions/italian-communes/). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-camera_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-camera_2-1) ["Testo unico delle leggi sull'ordinamento degli enti locali"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220818110321/https://web.camera.it/parlam/leggi/deleghe/testi/00267dl.htm) (in Italian). Archived from [the original](https://web.camera.it/parlam/leggi/deleghe/testi/00267dl.htm) on 18 August 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["CONSUETUDINE"](https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/consuetudine_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/) (in Italian). Retrieved 6 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["La Costituzione - Articolo 114"](https://www.senato.it/istituzione/la-costituzione/parte-ii/titolo-v/articolo-114) (in Italian). Retrieved 6 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["DECRETO N. 15 DEL 14/11/2019"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220514112403/https://www.comune.sondalo.so.it/sites/default/files/2019-11/dec_00015_14-11-2019%20-%20elezioni%20comm_frazioni.pdf) (PDF) (in Italian). Archived from [the original](https://www.comune.sondalo.so.it/sites/default/files/2019-11/dec_00015_14-11-2019%20-%20elezioni%20comm_frazioni.pdf) (PDF) on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Gli adempimenti degli uffici Anagrafe"](https://www.diritto.it/gli-adempimenti-degli-uffici-anagrafe/#:~:text=Specifico%20compito%20dell'ufficiale%20di,la%20tenuta%20degli%20atti%20anagrafici.) (in Italian). 25 October 2007. Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Poteri e compiti degli enti proprietari delle strade"](https://www.brocardi.it/codice-della-strada/titolo-ii/capo-i/art14.html) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["Settore Lavori pubblici e manutenzione della città"](https://www.comune.modena.it/amministrazione/aree-amministrative/settore-lavori-pubblici-e-manutenzione-della-citta) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["Cosa fa polizia locale"](https://www.laleggepertutti.it/422229_cosa-fa-polizia-locale) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Che cos'è un piano regolatore?"](https://www.comune.pordenone.it/it/comune/comunicazione/pordenone-piu-facile/prgc/che-cose-un-piano-regolatore) (in Italian). Retrieved 6 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Cultura"](https://www.comune.lissone.mb.it/Ufficio-Cultura) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["Protezione Civile del Comune di Prato"](https://protezionecivile.comune.prato.it/) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["I Comuni, per i rifiuti prodotti nel proprio territorio, a quali vincoli normativi sono soggetti in merito a raccolta e trasporto?"](https://www.tuttoambiente.it/commenti-premium/i-comuni-per-i-rifiuti-prodotti-nel-proprio-territorio-a-quali-vincoli-normativi-sono-soggetti-in-merito-a-raccolta-e-trasporto/) (in Italian). Retrieved 6 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** ["Funzioni e competenze del consiglio comunale"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220826170233/https://www.comune.vicenza.it/amministrazione/trasparente.php/organizzazione/organi_di_indirizzo_politico-amministrativo/consiglieri_comunali/funzioni_e_competenze_del_consiglio_comunale#:~:text=In%20linea%20generale%2C%20mentre%20al,di%20controllo%20e%20di%20verifica.) (in Italian). Archived from [the original](https://www.comune.vicenza.it/amministrazione/trasparente.php/organizzazione/organi_di_indirizzo_politico-amministrativo/consiglieri_comunali/funzioni_e_competenze_del_consiglio_comunale#:~:text=In%20linea%20generale%2C%20mentre%20al,di%20controllo%20e%20di%20verifica.) on 26 August 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** ["SISTEMA ELETTORALE COMUNI"](https://scienzepolitiche.unical.it/bacheca/archivio/materiale/766/politica,%20legittimit%C3%A0,%20consenso/politica,%20legittimit%C3%A08.ppt) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** ["Funzioni della Giunta"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220626104632/https://governo.comune.prato.it/it/giunta/funzioni-giunta/pagina47.html) (in Italian). Archived from [the original](https://governo.comune.prato.it/it/giunta/funzioni-giunta/pagina47.html) on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** ["Municipio"](https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/municipio_%28Sinonimi-e-Contrari%29/#:~:text=%5Bpalazzo%20in%20cui%20hanno%20sede,o%20di%20citt%C3%A0%20o%20municipale).&text=munic%C3%ACpio%20s.%20m.%20%5Bdal%20lat.,di%20cap%C4%95re%20%C2%ABassumere%C2%BB%5D.) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-comuni_18-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-comuni_18-1) ["Regioni italiane"](http://www.tuttitalia.it/regioni/) (in Italian). Retrieved 30 April 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["Alcune curiosità sui comuni italiani"](https://www.globalgeografia.com/italia/curiosita_comuni_italiani.htm) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** ["Atrani: le tante facce del più piccolo comune italiano"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220208163132/https://storienapoli.it/2021/03/15/atrani-piu-piccolo-comune-italiano/) (in Italian). Archived from [the original](https://storienapoli.it/2021/03/15/atrani-piu-piccolo-comune-italiano/) on 8 February 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** ["Comune che "vince" non si cambia: 29 abitanti, Morterone è ancora il più piccolo d'Italia"](https://www.leccotoday.it/notizie/morterone-abitanti-2021.html#:~:text=In%20questi%20termini%2C%20il%20comune,diffusi%20oggi%2C%20marted%C3%AC%2015%20dicembre.) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** ["I comuni nel Medioevo: nascita e sviluppo tra 1200 e 1300"](https://www.studenti.it/eta-dei-comuni-nascita-e-sviluppo-tra-1200-e-1300.html) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** ["Il modello cittadino in epoca romana"](https://www.capitolivm.it/architettura-romana/il-modello-cittadino-in-epoca-romana/) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** ["Luoghi d'Italia da primato"](https://www.lastampa.it/viaggi/italia/2017/11/27/news/luoghi-d-italia-da-primato-1.34392369/) (in Italian). 27 November 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** ["Comuni con i nomi più lunghi"](http://www.comuni-italiani.it/nomi/lunghi/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190412051710/http://www.comuni-italiani.it/nomi/lunghi/) from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** ["Curiosità e nomi particolari"](http://www.comuniweb.it/dati/curiosita.htm#:~:text=Il%20Comune%20con%20il%20nome,e%20Vo%20(in%20Veneto).) (in Italian). Retrieved 6 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** ["Provincia di Barletta-Andria-Trani"](https://www.tuttitalia.it/puglia/provincia-di-barletta-andria-trani/) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** ["Provincia di Isernia"](https://www.tuttitalia.it/molise/provincia-di-isernia/) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** ["Ufficio del cerimoniale di Stato e per le Onorificenze"](https://presidenza.governo.it/onorificenze_araldica/araldica/servizio_araldica.html) (in Italian). Retrieved 4 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** ["Comuni dal 1861"](http://www.comuniverso.it/index.cfm?menu=12). *www.comuniverso.it*. Retrieved 19 March 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** ["Circoscrizioni di decentramento comunale"](https://www.brocardi.it/testo-unico-enti-locali/parte-i/titolo-ii/capo-i/art17.html) (in Italian). Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** ["L'affluenza, municipio per municipio, a Milano, Roma e Napoli: ecco quali zone hanno votato di più"](https://www.corriere.it/politica/elezioni/21_ottobre_03/affluenza-milano-roma-napoli-ecco-quali-zone-si-sta-votando-piu-3d0ee974-244e-11ec-89bc-6ae28c3c6849.shtml?_sp=bc9813d8-7bdd-4e5b-a687-c24a6abc5522.1651597286944) (in Italian). 10 March 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-treccani_33-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-treccani_33-1) (in Italian) [The word rione](http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/rione/) in the *[Treccani](/source/Treccani)* dictionary on-line

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** [Lugano](http://www.lugano.ch/citta-amministrazione/quartieri.html) quartieri

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** (in Italian) [Complete list and infos on Comuni-italiani.it](https://rete.comuni-italiani.it/wiki/s:nomi/omonimi/)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** ["Caratteristiche tecniche degli emblemi araldici"](http://presidenza.governo.it/onorificenze_araldica/araldica/caratteristiche_tecniche.html) (in Italian). Retrieved 4 May 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-istat_37-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-istat_37-1) ["La superficie dei comuni, delle province e delle regioni italiane"](http://www.istat.it/it/archivio/82599) (in Italian). Retrieved 4 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** ["Comuni italiani per altitudine"](https://www.tuttitalia.it/comuni/altitudine/) (in Italian). Retrieved 4 May 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-39)** ["Statistiche demografiche ISTAT"](https://web.archive.org/web/20211006201731/http://demo.istat.it/bilmens/index.php?anno=2022&lingua=ita). Archived from [the original](http://demo.istat.it/bilmens/index.php?anno=2021&lingua=ita) on 6 October 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-tuttitalia_40-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-tuttitalia_40-1) ["Comuni per fasce demografiche"](https://www.tuttitalia.it/comuni-per-fasce-demografiche/) (in Italian). Retrieved 4 May 2022.

## Bibliography

- ["Terzière"](https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/terziere/). *[Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere e Arti](/source/Treccani)* (in Italian). Retrieved 2 January 2024.

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Municipalities in Italy](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Municipalities_in_Italy).

Look up ***[comune](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/comune)*** in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

- [Associazione Nazionale Comuni Italiani](http://www.anci.it/) (in Italian)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Comune](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comune) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comune?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.