# Commerce, Texas

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**Commerce** is a city in [Hunt County, Texas](/source/Hunt_County,_Texas), United States, situated on the eastern edge of [North Texas](/source/North_Texas) and the western edge of [East Texas](/source/East_Texas), within the [Texas Blackland Prairies](/source/Texas_Blackland_Prairies). Located 45 miles (72 km) south of the Texas/[Oklahoma](/source/Oklahoma) border, Commerce is the second-largest city in Hunt County, with a population of 9,090 at the [2020 census](/source/2020_United_States_Census).[4] [East Texas A&M University](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_University), a four-year university of more than 12,000 students, has been in Commerce since 1894. Commerce is one of the smallest [college towns](/source/College_town) in Texas.[citation needed]

## History

See also: [History of East Texas A&M University](/source/History_of_East_Texas_A%26M_University)

Commerce was formed when two merchants named William Jernigan and Josiah Jackson established a [trading post](/source/Trading_post) and mercantile store where the present-day downtown area is. The rural area just to the northeast was an open prairie originally known as Cow Hill. The town was established in 1872 and named "Commerce" due to the thriving economic activity among the cotton fields and ideal farm and ranch lands between the Middle and South Sulphur rivers on the rich, black gumbo prairie in northeast Hunt County. The town incorporated in 1885. Two years later, a railroad was built through Commerce to transport merchandise from [Fort Worth](/source/Fort_Worth), and nine years later, William L. Mayo, a college educator, moved East Texas Normal College from the [northeast Texas](/source/Northeast_Texas) town of [Cooper](/source/Cooper,_Texas) to Commerce after the original school in Cooper was destroyed in a fire. Mayo continued as president of the college, now known as East Texas A&M University, until his death in 1917 and is buried on the campus grounds.

## Geography

According to the [United States Census Bureau](/source/United_States_Census_Bureau), Commerce has a total area of 8.0 sq mi (20.7 square kilometres), of which 7.9 sq mi (20.5 square kilometres) are land and 0.1 sq mi (0.2 square kilometres), or 0.94%, are water. The Middle [Sulphur River](/source/Sulphur_River), part of the [Red River](/source/Red_River_of_the_South) watershed, runs past the north side of Commerce and forms part of its northern border.

### Climate

Commerce's climate is part of the [humid subtropical](/source/Humid_subtropical) region. The temperature varies greatly throughout the year. Commerce has hot, humid and dry summers, typical of much of Texas, and above average spring temperatures. Commerce has cooler fall and winter temperatures, with higher wind chills due to its northern location and location on a natural prairie. During the spring is the strongest part of the storm season as thunderstorms are very common and tornadoes have been known to form in and around the area.

## Demographics

### 2020 census

As of the [2020 census](/source/2020_United_States_census), Commerce had a population of 9,090, 2,946 households, and 1,620 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,080.85 inhabitants per square mile (417.32 /km2). There were 3,589 housing units at an average density of 426.75 inhabitants per square mile (164.77 /km2). The average family size was 3.34.[5]

The median age was 23.5 years. 16.5% of residents were under the age of 18 and 9.8% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 85.4 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 83.7 males age 18 and over.[5]

91.5% of residents lived in urban areas, while 8.5% lived in rural areas.[6]

There were 2,946 households in Commerce, of which 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 30.4% were married-couple households, 25.7% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 36.8% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 37.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[5]

There were 3,589 housing units, of which 17.9% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 32.9% were owner-occupied and 67.1% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.1% and the rental vacancy rate was 11.7%.[5]

Racial composition as of the 2020 census[7] Race Number Percent White 4,694 51.6% Black or African American 2,519 27.7% American Indian and Alaska Native 137 1.5% Asian 254 2.8% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 67 0.7% Some other race 449 4.9% Two or more races 970 10.7% Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 986 10.8%

The median income for a household in the city was $34,946, and the median income for a family was $52,188. About 32.1% of the population were below the [poverty line](/source/Poverty_line), including 33.6% of those under age 18 and 12.6% of those age 65 or over.

## Economy

Employer of employees 1 East Texas A&M University 900 2 Walmart 251 3 Commerce ISD 250 4 Legacy Housing 178 5 City of Commerce 85 6 Ben E. Keith Company 84

[8]

## Arts and culture

The Texas Children's Museum in Commerce features exhibits and programs for children. School districts from the [Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex](/source/Dallas/Fort_Worth_Metroplex) and the [Northeast Texas](/source/Northeast_Texas) visit the museum.[9]

Commerce was named the "Bois d'Arc Capital of Texas" because of its location in the geographic center of the indigenous range of the [bois d'arc tree](/source/Maclura_pomifera). The second largest bois d'arc tree in Texas, "Big Max", recognized by the National Forests Famous and Historic Trees, is located within the city limits. An annual Bois d'Arc Bash pays homage to the native trees which in frontier days provided foundations, fences and weapons for Native Americans. The Bois d'Arc Bash features arts and crafts, vendors, a parade, entertainment, a 5K run, and auto show.[citation needed]

## Sports

[East Texas A&M Lions](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_Lions) teams include:

- [Men's football](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_Lions_football)
- [Women's volleyball](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_Lions_women's_volleyball)
- [Men's basketball](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_Lions_men's_basketball)
- [Women's basketball](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_Lions_women's_basketball)
- [Women's soccer](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_Lions_women's_soccer)
- [Women's softball](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_Lions_softball)

The teams have earned six national titles: men's basketball (1954–1955), men's golf (1965), football (1972, [2017](/source/2017_NCAA_Division_II_football_season)), and men's tennis (1972, 1978).[citation needed]

In 2022, the athletics programs transitioned to [NCAA Division I](/source/NCAA_Division_I) in the [Southland Conference](/source/Southland_Conference).[10]

## Education

### Primary and secondary education

Public education is administered by the [Commerce Independent School District](/source/Commerce_Independent_School_District), which operates the following schools:

- Commerce Elementary (Pre-K–2)
- AC Williams Elementary (3–5)
- Commerce Middle School (6–8)
- [Commerce High School](/source/Commerce_High_School_(Commerce,_Texas)) (9–12)

### Post-secondary education

[East Texas A&M University](/source/East_Texas_A%26M_University) moved to Commerce 1894. The school offers over 100 different majors, with an enrolment of 12,302 students.

## Media

[KETR](/source/KETR)[11] radio station was founded in 1975 at the A&M-Commerce campus.

## Infrastructure

### Transportation

Highways:

- [Texas State Highway 11](/source/Texas_State_Highway_11)
- [Texas State Highway 24](/source/Texas_State_Highway_24)
- [Texas State Highway 50](/source/Texas_State_Highway_50)
- [Texas State Highway 224](/source/Texas_State_Highway_224)
- [Texas State Highway Loop 178](/source/Texas_State_Highway_Loop_178)
- [Texas Farm to Market Road 71](/source/Texas_Farm_to_Market_Road_71)
- Texas Farm to Market Road 2874
- Texas Farm to Market Road 3218
- Business 224–A business route
- Business 11–A business route

Commerce is served by [Commerce Municipal Airport](/source/Commerce_Municipal_Airport).

Public transit called "The Connection" serves Commerce and all of Hunt County.[12]

## Notable people

- [George C. Butte](/source/George_C._Butte), Republican candidate for governor of Texas
- [Claire Chennault](/source/Claire_Chennault), World War II Lieutenant General in the Army Air Corps
- [Ben Kweller](/source/Ben_Kweller), rock musician who penned a song called "Commerce, TX"
- [Larry Lemanski](/source/Larry_Lemanski), director of the Biomedical Institute for Regenerative Research at Texas A&M-Commerce
- [Samuel T. Rayburn](/source/Samuel_T._Rayburn), graduated from East Texas Normal College, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
- [Adam Kelly Ward](/source/Adam_Kelly_Ward), convicted murderer of code enforcement officer Michael Walker in 2005; executed in March 2016
- [Wade Wilson](/source/Wade_Wilson_(American_football)), former All-Pro NFL quarterback and former quarterbacks coach for the [Dallas Cowboys](/source/Dallas_Cowboys)

## References

1. ["Commerce Council Cancels May 7 Election; Teddy Reel Will be Mayor"](https://www.ketr.org/show/blacklands-cafe/2022-03-17/commerce-council-cancels-may-7-election-teddy-reel-will-be-mayor)

1. ["U.S. Census website"](https://www.census.gov). [United States Census Bureau](/source/United_States_Census_Bureau). Retrieved 2008-01-31.

1. url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/commercecitytexas

1. ["2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)"](https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/dp?get=NAME%2CDP1_0021P%2CDP1_0024P%2CDP1_0025C%2CDP1_0049C%2CDP1_0045C%2CDP1_0069C%2CDP1_0073C%2CDP1_0125P%2CDP1_0126P%2CDP1_0129P%2CDP1_0133P%2CDP1_0137P%2CDP1_0138P%2CDP1_0139P%2CDP1_0141P%2CDP1_0142P%2CDP1_0143P%2CDP1_0145P%2CDP1_0146P%2CDP1_0147C%2CDP1_0148C%2CDP1_0149C%2CDP1_0156C%2CDP1_0157C%2CDP1_0158C%2CDP1_0159P%2CDP1_0160P&for=place%3A16240&in=state%3A48). *United States Census Bureau*. 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2026.

1. ["2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)"](https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/dhc?get=NAME%2CP2_002N%2CP2_003N&for=place%3A16240&in=state%3A48). *United States Census Bureau*. 2023. Retrieved January 28, 2026.

1. ["2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)"](https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=NAME%2CP1_001N%2CP1_003N%2CP1_004N%2CP1_005N%2CP1_006N%2CP1_007N%2CP1_008N%2CP1_009N%2CP2_001N%2CP2_002N%2CH1_001N%2CH1_002N&for=place%3A16240&in=state%3A48). *United States Census Bureau*. 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2026.

1. [2011 Commerce CAFR](http://commercetx.org/wp-content/uploads/2011-audit1.pdf/)[dead link]

1. ["Northeast Texas Children's Museum"](http://netxcm.com). Retrieved 24 March 2016.

1. ["Texas A&M University-Commerce Accepts Invitation to Southland Conference"](https://lionathletics.com/news/2021/9/28/general-texas-am-university-commerce-accepts-invitation-to-southland-conference.aspx). 28 September 2021.

1. ["88.9 KETR – Your Station"](http://www.ketr.org/). Retrieved 24 March 2016.

1. ["SCRPT – Transportation"](http://www.connectioninfo.org/transportation.htm). *www.connectioninfo.org*. Retrieved 2016-05-28.

## External links

- [Official website](http://commercetx.org/)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Commerce, Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commerce%2C_Texas) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commerce%2C_Texas?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.