# Collections of the British Library

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The **collections of the [British Library](/source/British_Library)**, a [research library](/source/Research_library) in [London](/source/London), include items from across the world and from throughout human history.

## 1300 BC – 500 AD

- More than 450 Chinese [oracle bones](/source/Oracle_bones) from the [Shang dynasty](/source/Shang_dynasty), the oldest artefacts in the British Library (1300–1050 BC)
- [Constitution of Athenians](/source/Constitution_of_the_Athenians_(Aristotle)), papyrus work describing the constitution of [Classical Athens](/source/Classical_Athens) by [Aristotle](/source/Aristotle) or one of his pupils, from [Hermopolis](/source/Hermopolis), Egypt (78–100 AD)
- Seven fragmented scrolls from the [Herculaneum papyri](/source/Herculaneum_papyri) that survived the [Eruption of Mount Vesuvius](/source/Eruption_of_Mount_Vesuvius), (before 79 AD)[1]
- [De bellis macedonicis](/source/Papyrus_Oxyrhynchus_30), fragment of a Latin Codex recording the [Macedonian Wars](/source/Macedonian_Wars) in an early form of [uncial script](/source/Uncial_script) (1st–2nd centuries AD)
- Early manuscript copies of the ancient Greek plays [Ichneutae](/source/Ichneutae) by [Sophocles](/source/Sophocles) and [Iliad](/source/Papyrus_Oxyrhynchus_20) by [Homer](/source/Homer), part of the [Oxyrhynchus Papyri](/source/Oxyrhynchus_Papyri) (2nd century AD)[2]
- [Gandhāran Buddhist texts](/source/Gandh%C4%81ran_Buddhist_texts), some of the oldest Buddhist [manuscripts](/source/Manuscripts) yet discovered (1st–3rd centuries AD)
- [Bankes](/source/William_John_Bankes) [Homer](/source/Homer), one of the longest and best preserved [papyri](/source/Papyri) of Homer's literary works surviving from antiquity, containing the bulk of the text of the final book of the [Iliad](/source/Iliad) (2nd century AD)
- [Egerton Gospel](/source/Egerton_Gospel), one of the two earliest preserved [papyrus](/source/Papyrus) witnesses to the Christian gospel tradition (2nd century AD)
- Sixty-six [Indian charters](/source/Indian_copper_plate_inscriptions) on copper plates, including those from [Chamak](/source/Chamak_copper_plates) and two similar groups of plates from [Java](/source/Java),[3] (1st century BC – 13th century AD)
- Fragments of the [Spitzer Manuscript](/source/Spitzer_Manuscript), the oldest surviving manuscript in [Sanskrit](/source/Sanskrit) discovered so far, from the [Kizil Caves](/source/Kizil_Caves), China (200–230 AD)
- [Gospel of John Papyrus](/source/Papyrus_Oxyrhynchus_208_%2B_1781), early copy of the [Gospel according to John](/source/Gospel_according_to_John) from the [New Testament](/source/New_Testament), discovered in [Oxyrhynchus](/source/Oxyrhynchus), Egypt (250 AD)[4]
- Sogdian Ancient Letters, the earliest substantial texts written in [Sogdian](/source/Sogdian_language), the language formerly spoken in the area around [Samarkand](/source/Samarkand) in present-day Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (313–314 AD)
- [Codex Sinaiticus](/source/Codex_Sinaiticus), the major portion of the world's second-oldest manuscript of the Bible in [koine Greek](/source/Koine_Greek) (330–360 AD)
- Letters of [Cyprian](/source/Cyprian), three fragments from St Cyprian's [epistles](/source/Epistles) in [uncial script](/source/Uncial_script), part of a Latin Codex from [Carthage](/source/Carthage), north Africa (late 4th century AD)[5]
- [Codex Alexandrinus](/source/Codex_Alexandrinus), early manuscript of the Greek Bible containing the majority of the Old Testament and New Testament and one of the four [Great uncial codices](/source/Great_uncial_codices) (400–440 AD)
- [Jacob Manuscript](/source/British_Library,_Add_MS_12150), the second oldest extant [Syriac](/source/Syriac_language) manuscript and the oldest codex bearing a date in any language, handwritten by the scribe Jacob (411 AD)
- [Curetonian Gospels](/source/Curetonian_Gospels), manuscript of the four gospels of the New Testament in [Old Syriac](/source/Syriac_language) (c. 450–470 AD)
- Fragments of the [Cotton Genesis](/source/Cotton_Genesis), luxury illuminated manuscript copy of the [Book of Genesis](/source/Book_of_Genesis) and one of the oldest illustrated biblical codices to survive to the modern period (4th to 5th centuries AD)
- Leaf from the [Codex Palatinus](/source/Codex_Palatinus), Latin Gospel Book written on purple dyed [vellum](/source/Vellum) in gold and silver ink (5th century AD)
- Maunggun gold plates, two gold strips found at Maunggun near [Sri Ksetra](/source/Sri_Ksetra), inscribed in the ancient [Pyu script](/source/Pyu_script) and among the earliest Buddhist texts discovered in Myanmar, donated by Sir [Frederick Fryer](/source/Frederick_William_Richards_Fryer), Lieutenant-Governor of Burma (5th century AD)[6]
- Seven [folios](/source/Folios) of a manuscript containing the [Sanskrit](/source/Sanskrit) text of the [Lotus Sutra](/source/Lotus_Sutra) in [Sharada script](/source/Sharada_script) from [Gilgit](/source/Gilgit), the earliest paper manuscript from South Asia (5th–7th centuries AD)[7]
- Earliest [Syriac manuscript](/source/British_Library,_Add._14470) with the complete [Peshitta](/source/Peshitta) text of the New Testament (5th–6th centuries AD)

## 500–800 AD

- Earliest dated Syriac [manuscript of the two Gospels](/source/British_Library,_Add_MS_14459) and the [Peshitta Apostolos](/source/British_Library,_Add_MS_14479), [Syriac](/source/Syriac_language) [manuscripts](/source/Manuscripts) of the Peshitta or [Syriac Bible](/source/Peshitta) (528–534)
- [Codex Harleianus](/source/British_Library,_Harley_MS_1775) or Harley Latin Gospels, one of the earliest manuscripts of the Gospels in Latin, Italy (550)
- [Codex Nitriensis](/source/Codex_Nitriensis), Greek New Testament codex containing the Gospel of Luke from the [Monastery of St. Mary Deipara](/source/Monastery_of_St._Mary_Deipara) in the [Nitrian Desert](/source/Nitrian_Desert), Egypt (c. 550)
- [Ravenna Papyrus](/source/Ravenna_Papyri), 2.5m long papyrus scroll in Latin [cursive](/source/Cursive) script with contract for the sale of a property in [Ravenna](/source/Ravenna), Italy (dated 3 June 572)[8]
- Four leaves from the [Codex Purpureus Petropolitanus](/source/Codex_Purpureus_Petropolitanus), a Greek manuscript of the [Gospels](/source/Gospel_book) written on [purple parchment](/source/Purple_parchment) in silver and gold ink (6th century)
- [Golden Cannon Tables](/source/London_Canon_Tables), Byzantine illuminated Gospel made in [Constantinople](/source/Constantinople) before the [Iconoclasm](/source/Iconoclasm) period (6th century)
- [Dunhuang Go Manual](/source/Dunhuang_Go_Manual), the earliest surviving manuscript on the strategic [board game](/source/Board_game) of [Go](/source/Go_(game)) from Dunhuang, China (6th century)
- [Askew Codex](/source/Askew_Codex), unique manuscript in the [Coptic script](/source/Coptic_script), one of three surviving codices containing full copies of all of the [gnostic writings](/source/Pistis_Sophia) (c. 6th century)
- Three folios from the [Uncial 070](/source/Uncial_070), a Greek-Coptic [diglot](/source/Diglot) [uncial](/source/Uncial) [manuscript](/source/Manuscript) of the [New Testament](/source/New_Testament) from the [White Monastery](/source/White_Monastery) in Egypt (6th Century)
- Manuscript copies of the [Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra](/source/La%E1%B9%85k%C4%81vat%C4%81ra_S%C5%ABtra) in the [Chinese](/source/Chinese_language) and [Tibetan](/source/Classical_Tibetan) languages from [Dunhuang](/source/Dunhuang) in China (7th to 9th centuries)
- [Ceolfrid Bible](/source/Ceolfrid_Bible), fragment of one of the three single-volume Bibles ordered by [Ceolfrid](/source/Ceolfrid) and closely related to the [Codex Amiatinus](/source/Codex_Amiatinus) (late 7th – early 8th centuries)
- [Dunhuang Star Chart](/source/Dunhuang_Star_Chart), one of the first known graphical representations of stars from ancient [Chinese astronomy](/source/Chinese_astronomy) (700)
- [Lindisfarne Gospels](/source/Lindisfarne_Gospels), illuminated Latin Gospel book from Anglo-Saxon [Northumbria](/source/Northumbria), one of the finest examples of [Hiberno-Saxon](/source/Hiberno-Saxon) or [Insular art](/source/Insular_art) (715–720)
- [Royal Athelstan Gospels](/source/Gospel_Book_(British_Library,_Royal_MS_1._B._VII)), [Anglo-Saxon](/source/Anglo-Saxon) [illuminated](/source/Illuminated_manuscript) [Gospel Book](/source/Gospel_Book) with [Merovingian](/source/Merovingian) decoration, closely related to the [Lindisfarne Gospels](/source/Lindisfarne_Gospels) (700–749)
- [St Cuthbert Gospel](/source/St_Cuthbert_Gospel), a Northumbrian gospel book with the oldest Western binding (early 8th century)
- [Codex Beneventanus](/source/Codex_Beneventanus), illuminated codex containing a Gospel Book for the Monastery of [San Vincenzo al Volturno](/source/San_Vincenzo_al_Volturno) near [Benevento](/source/Benevento), Italy (739–760)
- [Hyakumantō Darani](/source/Hyakumant%C5%8D_Darani) or the "One Million Pagodas and Dharani Prayers", the earliest surviving examples of printing in Japan (764–770)
- [Tiberius Bede](/source/Tiberius_Bede), illuminated manuscript of Bede's [Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum](/source/Historia_ecclesiastica_gentis_Anglorum), produced at [Monkwearmouth–Jarrow Abbey](/source/Monkwearmouth%E2%80%93Jarrow_Abbey) (8th century)
- [Otho-Corpus Gospels](/source/Otho-Corpus_Gospels), fragments of an [insular](/source/Insular_art) [Gospel Book](/source/Gospel_Book), the best preserved page representing an [Evangelist portrait](/source/Evangelist_portrait) of the [Lion of Saint Mark](/source/Lion_of_Saint_Mark) (8th century)
- [Vespasian Psalter](/source/Vespasian_Psalter), Anglo-Saxon illuminated psalter decorated in [Insular style](/source/Insular_style), belonging to a group of manuscripts from southern England known as the Tiberius group, which includes the [Tiberius Bede](/source/Tiberius_Bede) and the [Book of Nunnaminster](/source/Book_of_Nunnaminster) (late 8th century)
- [London Gospel Book](/source/Gospel_Book_(British_Library,_Add_MS_40618)), [illuminated](/source/Illuminated_Manuscript) Pocket Book of the [Four Gospels](/source/Four_Gospels) with [Evangelist portraits](/source/Evangelist_portrait), made in Ireland with later Anglo-Saxon additions (late 8th century)
- [Moralia in Job](/source/Moralia_in_Job_(British_Library,_Add_MS_31031)) by [St Gregory](/source/St_Gregory), and [Theological Works](/source/Theological_miscellany_(British_Library,_Add_MS_43460)) of St [Augustine of Hippo](/source/Augustine_of_Hippo), [St Jerome](/source/St_Jerome) and [Commodianus](/source/Commodianus), two theological manuscripts produced in [Laon](/source/Laon), France and [Nonantola](/source/Nonantola) Italy respectively (late 8th century)
- [Mozarabic Chronicle](/source/Mozarabic_Chronicle), [Visigothic](/source/Visigothic) minuscule written by [Mozarab](/source/Mozarab) chronicler in [Al-Andalus](/source/Al-Andalus), with the earliest known reference in Latin to "Europeans" (europenses) (late 8th century)[9]
- One of the oldest and most complete surviving [Qur'an](/source/Qur'an) codices in the world, produced in the [Hijazi script](/source/Hijazi_script) in the Hijaz region of Arabia where the holy places of [Mecca](/source/Mecca) and [Medina](/source/Medina) are. (8th century)[10]

## 800–1000 AD

- [Schuttern Gospels](/source/Schuttern_Gospels), an early illuminated gospel book produced in [Baden](/source/Baden), Germany (early 9th century)
- Aethelstan Psalter, small book of psalms made near [Reims](/source/Reims), once owned by King [Æthelstan](/source/%C3%86thelstan) of Wessex and given by him to [Winchester Cathedral](/source/Winchester_Cathedral) (early 9th century)
- [Durham Liber Vitae](/source/Durham_Liber_Vitae), [confraternity book](/source/Confraternity_book), recording the names of visitors to the church of the bishopric of [Durham](/source/Durham,_England), and its predecessor sees at [Lindisfarne](/source/Lindisfarne) and [Chester-le-Street](/source/Chester-le-Street) (early 9th century)
- [Harley Golden Gospels](/source/Harley_Golden_Gospels), Carolingian illuminated manuscript written in gold ink, produced in [Aachen](/source/Aachen), Germany (800–825)
- Earliest surviving copy of [Vitruvius](/source/Vitruvius)'s [De architectura](/source/De_architectura), Carolingian manuscript made at the [scriptorium](/source/Scriptorium) attached to the court of [Charlemagne](/source/Charlemagne) in Aachen, Germany (800–825)
- Old [Tibetan Annals](/source/Tibetan_Annals), the earliest surviving historical document in [Old Tibetan](/source/Old_Tibetan), covering the period from 643 to 764 AD (800–840)
- Harley Aratea, Carolingian copy of *Phaenomena Aratea* by the Greek poet [Aratus](/source/Aratus), with 22 full-page representations of the [constellations](/source/Constellations) in [text](/source/Calligram) or [scholia](/source/Scholia) within the shapes, from Rheims, France (820)
- [Fridugisus Gospel Book](/source/Carolingian_Gospel_Book_(British_Library,_Add_MS_11848)), illuminated [Carolingian](/source/Carolingian) Latin Gospel Book produced at [Tours](/source/Tours) under the abbacy of [Fridugisus](/source/Fridugisus) with original [treasure binding](/source/Treasure_binding) (820–830)
- [Bible](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_de_Moutier-Grandval) from [Moutier-Grandval Abbey](/source/Moutier-Grandval_Abbey), one of three illustrated bibles containing the text of the [Vulgate](/source/Vulgate) made at the scriptorium of Tours in the ninth century, France (840)
- [Lothair Psalter](/source/Lothair_Psalter), sumptuous Carolingian manuscript with original [binding](/source/Bookbinding) furnishing a large silver-gilt [medallion](/source/Medallion) of the Emperor [Lothair I](/source/Lothair_I) (840–855)[11]
- An early copy of the Qur'an in [Kufic script](/source/Kufic_script), with beginnings of elements of Arabic illumination and decoration, possibly from [al-Kufah](/source/Al-Kufah), Iraq (850)
- [Diamond Sutra](/source/Diamond_Sutra), the world's earliest-dated printed book[12] printed during the [Tang dynasty](/source/Tang_dynasty) (868)
- Codex Ulmensis, manuscript in [Caroline minuscule](/source/Caroline_minuscule) containing the [Epistles](/source/Epistles) and [Revelation](/source/Book_of_Revelation), produced at the [monastic centre](/source/Abbey_library_of_Saint_Gall) under [Abbot Harmut](/source/Hartmut_of_Saint_Gall) in [St Gallen](/source/St_Gallen), Switzerland (872–878)[13]
- [Bodmin Gospels](/source/Bodmin_Gospels), illuminated gospel-book copied in [Brittany](/source/Brittany) and owned by the [Priory of St Petroc](/source/Parish_Church_of_St_Mary_and_St_Petroc) in [Bodmin](/source/Bodmin), Cornwall, with recording of the freeing of slaves entered on some pages (875)
- Anglo-Saxon copy of [Orosius](/source/Orosius)'s *Historiae Adversus Paganos* with enlarged zoomorphic initials, produced at the [scriptorium](/source/Scriptorium) in [Winchester Cathedral](/source/Winchester_Cathedral), England (892–925)[14]
- [Marmoutiers Gospel Book](/source/Breton_Gospel_Book_(British_Library,_MS_Egerton_609)), illuminated manuscript mixing Insular and Carolingian styles produced in Brittany or Tours, western France (late 9th century)
- [Codex Seidelianus I](/source/Codex_Seidelianus_I), [Greek](/source/Greek_language) uncial manuscript of the [Gospels](/source/Gospels) containing 252 parchment leaves (9th century)
- [Irq Bitig](/source/Irq_Bitig) or Book of Omens from the Mogao Caves in [Dunhuang](/source/Dunhuang), China, the only known complete manuscript text written in the [Old Turkic script](/source/Old_Turkic_script) (9th century)
- Gospels of Elisha, [Armenian](/source/Armenian_alphabet) gospels commissioned by Lord Elisha, one of the earliest gospels written in the Armenian language (c. 900)
- [Coronation Gospels](/source/Coronation_Gospels_(British_Library,_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A.ii)), [Ottonian](/source/Ottonian_art) illuminated Gospel book gifted to [King Athelstan](/source/King_Athelstan) (late 9th or early 10th centuries)
- [Testament of Ba](/source/Testament_of_Ba), manuscript written in [Old Tibetan](/source/Classical_Tibetan) marking the establishment of [Vajrayana](/source/Vajrayana) [Buddhism](/source/Buddhism) in Tibet and the foundation of the [Samye Monastery](/source/Samye_Monastery) during the reign of King [Trisong Detsen](/source/Trisong_Detsen) (9th–10th centuries)
- Passionarium Hispanicum, illuminated [Passional](/source/Passional) manuscript in [Visigothic minuscule](/source/Visigothic_minuscule) from the Monastery of [San Pedro de Cardeña](/source/San_Pedro_de_Carde%C3%B1a) near Burgos, northern Spain, (911 AD)[15]
- [Guest](/source/Ivor_Guest,_1st_Viscount_Wimborne)-[Coutts](/source/Angela_Burdett-Coutts,_1st_Baroness_Burdett-Coutts) New Testament, [Byzantine](/source/Byzantine) illuminated manuscript of the New Testament in Greek, with silver-gilt cover, Constantinople (mid 10th century)
- [Bald's Leechbook](/source/Bald's_Leechbook) or *Medicinale Anglicum*, unique Anglo-Saxon manuscript pertaining to medical remedies, diagnoses and charms (mid 10th century)
- [Benedictional of St. Æthelwold](/source/Benedictional_of_St._%C3%86thelwold), the most important surviving work of the Anglo-Saxon Winchester School of illumination (963–984)
- [New Minster Charter](/source/New_Minster_Charter), Anglo-Saxon illuminated manuscript with gold lettering, commissioned by [Bishop Æthelwold](/source/%C3%86thelwold_of_Winchester) and presented to the [New Minster](/source/Winchester_Cathedral) in Winchester by [King Edgar](/source/Edgar_the_Peaceful) to commemorate the [Benedictine](/source/Benedictine) Reform (966)
- Lei feng ta scroll, early printed document found walled up in the [Leifeng Pagoda](/source/Leifeng_Pagoda) in [Hangzhou](/source/Hangzhou), China (975)
- [Ramsey Psalter](/source/Ramsey_Psalter), Anglo-Saxon illuminated psalter made for use at the Benedictine monastery of [Ramsey Abbey](/source/Ramsey_Abbey) for its founder [St Oswald](/source/Oswald_of_Worcester) (late 10th century)
- [Bosworth Psalter](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psautier_de_Bosworth), oldest English manuscript that includes all of the important texts of the [Benedictine](/source/Benedictine) Office, from [Bosworth Hall](/source/Bosworth_Hall_(Husbands_Bosworth)), Leicestershire (late 10th century)[16]
- The sole surviving [manuscript copy](/source/Nowell_Codex) of the poem *[Beowulf](/source/Beowulf)*, one of four extant Anglo-Saxon poetry manuscripts (975–1025)[17]
- [London Codex](/source/Codex_Orientales_4445) and [First Gaster](/source/List_of_Hebrew_Bible_manuscripts) Bible: two of the oldest surviving Hebrew biblical codices, [Palestine](/source/Palestine_(region)) and Egypt (10th century)
- [Xuastvanift](/source/Xuastvanift), a confessional book of [Manichaean](/source/Manichaean) Uyghurs, one of the most complete manuscripts among the [Old Uyghur](/source/Old_Uyghur) Manichaean texts (1000)

## 1000–1200 AD

- Illustrated copy of [Prudentius](/source/Prudentius)'s *[Psychomachia](/source/Psychomachia)* or "Battle of the Soul", the first allegorical work in European literature (late 10th-early 11th centuries)
- Seven of the nine surviving manuscripts of the *[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle](/source/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle)* (10th–12th centuries)
- [Hemming's Cartulary](/source/Hemming's_Cartulary), manuscript [cartulary](/source/Cartulary) or collection of [charters](/source/Charter) and other land records, collected by a monk named [Hemming](/source/Hemming_(monk)) at [Worcester Cathedral](/source/Worcester_Cathedral) around the time of the [Norman conquest of England](/source/Norman_conquest_of_England) (10th–12th centuries)
- [Burney](/source/Charles_Burney_(schoolmaster)) Gospels, illuminated copy of the Greek Gospels by the [Kokkinobaphos Master](/source/Kokkinobaphos_Master), once owned by the imperial [Comnenus](/source/Comnenus) family in Constantinople (10th–12th centuries)[18]
- [Grimbald Gospels](/source/Grimbald_Gospels), luxury gospel-book with gold initials and silver decoration made by [Eadwig Basan](/source/Eadwig_Basan), a monk at [Christ Church, Canterbury](/source/Christ_Church,_Canterbury), named after [Grimbald](/source/Grimbald_of_Saint-Bertin) of Saint-Bertin who was recommended in a letter that accompanied the volume to [King Alfred the Great](/source/King_Alfred_the_Great) by [Fulk](/source/Fulk_(archbishop_of_Reims)), archbishop of Reims (1012–1023)
- Manuscript copy of *[Liber Scintillarum](/source/Liber_Scintillarum)* or Book of Sparks, [patristic anthology](/source/Patristic_anthology) of biblical sayings in Latin from [Rochester Cathedral](/source/Rochester_Cathedral) (1015)
- [Harley Psalter](/source/Harley_Psalter), earliest of three surviving medieval copies of the Carolingian [Utrecht Psalter](/source/Utrecht_Psalter) (1020–1040)
- [Harley](/source/Harleian_Library) Echternach Gospels and [Egerton](/source/Egerton_Collection) Echternach Gospels, two lavishly illuminated Gospel Books produced at the Benedictine [Abbey of St Willibrord](/source/Abbey_of_Echternach) in [Echternach](/source/Echternach), Luxembourg, (1025–1075)[19][20]
- [New Minster *Liber Vitae*](/source/New_Minster_Liber_Vitae), confraternity book produced in [Winchester](/source/Winchester) recording the names of visitors to the [New Minster](/source/Winchester_Cathedral) with a celebrated image of King [Cnut the Great](/source/Cnut_the_Great) and Queen [Emma of Normandy](/source/Emma_of_Normandy) (1031)
- *[Encomium Emmae Reginae](/source/Encomium_Emmae_Reginae)*, lavishly illustrated Latin [encomium](/source/Encomium) in honour of Queen [Emma of Normandy](/source/Emma_of_Normandy), consort of kings [Æthelred the Unready](/source/%C3%86thelred_the_Unready) and [Cnut the Great](/source/Cnut_the_Great) of England, and mother of kings [Harthacnut](/source/Harthacnut) and [Edward the Confessor](/source/Edward_the_Confessor) (1041)
- Odalricus Peccator Lectionary, illuminated [lectionary](/source/Lectionary) with gold inscriptions by Odalricus Peccator at [Lorsch Abbey](/source/Lorsch_Abbey), Germany (1000–1050)[21][22]
- [Tiberius Psalter](/source/Tiberius_Psalter) and [Stowe Psalter](/source/Stowe_Psalter), two of four surviving Gallican psalters produced at the [New Minster](/source/New_Minster), Winchester in the years around the [Norman conquest of England](/source/Norman_conquest_of_England) (c. 1050)
- [Theodore Psalter](/source/Theodore_Psalter), one of the richest illuminated manuscripts to survive from [Byzantium](/source/Byzantium) (1066)
- Codex of the Lives of the Saints in the [Georgian script](/source/Georgian_script) from the [Holy Cross Monastery](/source/Monastery_of_the_Cross), Jerusalem, including unique copies of works by [Cyril of Scythopolis](/source/Cyril_of_Scythopolis) and [Athanasius of Alexandria](/source/Athanasius_of_Alexandria) (11th century)
- [Old English Hexateuch](/source/Old_English_Hexateuch), late Anglo-Saxon period translation of the six books of the [Hexateuch](/source/Hexateuch) into [Old English](/source/Old_English), made under the tutelage of [Ælfric of Eynsham](/source/%C3%86lfric_of_Eynsham) (11th century)
- Giant medieval bibles such as the [Arnstein](/source/Arnstein) Bible, [Floreffe Bible](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_de_Floreffe), [Montpellier](/source/Montpellier) Bible, [Parc Abbey Bible](/source/Parc_Abbey_Bible), [Rochester](/source/Rochester,_Kent) Bible,[23] [Stavelot Bible](/source/Stavelot_Bible) and [Worms Bible](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankenthaler_Bibel) (11th–12th centuries)
- Latin–Old Cornish Glossary, an early Cornish-Latin glossary with the oldest complete text in the [Cornish language](/source/Cornish_language) (11th–12th centuries)
- [Mar Saba](/source/Mar_Saba) Psalter, Byzantine Book of Psalms with full-page miniatures from the Monastery of Mar Saba near [Jerusalem](/source/Jerusalem), (1090 AD)[24]
- [Silos Apocalypse](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatus_de_Silos), [commentary](/source/Silos_Apocalypse) on the [Book of Revelation](/source/Book_of_Revelation) from [Santo Domingo de Silos](/source/Santo_Domingo_de_Silos) near [Burgos](/source/Burgos), northern Spain (1091–1109)
- Préaux Gospels, luxury copy of the Four Gospels produced under the leadership of abbot Richard of Fourneaux, a student of [Saint Anselm](/source/Saint_Anselm), at the Benedictine [abbey of St Pierre](/source/Pr%C3%A9aux_Abbey) in [Préaux](/source/Les_Pr%C3%A9aux), Normandy (early 12th century)
- Shaftesbury Psalter, illuminated [Book of Psalms](/source/Book_of_Psalms) made for use at the Benedictine nunnery of [Shaftesbury Abbey](/source/Shaftesbury_Abbey) in Dorset, perhaps originally owned by Queen [Adeliza of Louvain](/source/Adeliza_of_Louvain), widow of [Henry I of England](/source/Henry_I_of_England) (1125–1150)
- [Cartulary of Quimperlé](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartulaire_de_Quimperl%C3%A9) from the abbey of the Holy Cross at [Quimperlé](/source/Quimperl%C3%A9), important [source](/source/Cartulary) for the [history of Brittany](/source/History_of_Brittany) during the Middle Ages (1125–1150)
- [Melisende Psalter](/source/Melisende_Psalter), illuminated manuscript commissioned in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem for [Queen Melisende](/source/Queen_Melisende) (c. 1135)
- [Gospels of Máel Brigte](/source/Gospels_of_M%C3%A1el_Brigte) or Armagh Gospels, illuminated [Gospel Book](/source/Gospel_Book) produced by a scribe named Máel Brigte úa Máel Úanaig in [Armagh](/source/Armagh), Ireland (1138–1139)
- Leaf from the [Eadwine Psalter](/source/Eadwine_Psalter), one of the most decorated psalters from medieval England, named after the scribe Eadwine, a monk from [Canterbury Cathedral](/source/Canterbury_Cathedral) (1155–1160)
- Gospels of Simeon, gospels written in an early form of the [Armenian script](/source/Armenian_script) or *Erkatagir* by a monk named Simeon, collected by the traveller [William B. Barker](/source/William_Burckhardt_Barker) (1166)
- Fragment of the luxurious [Psalter](/source/Psalter) of [Henry the Lion](/source/Henry_the_Lion) with text written in gold on purple parchment and scenes of months and [zodiac](/source/Zodiac) signs (1168–1189)
- [Guthlac](/source/Guthlac) Roll, strip of parchment containing 18 [roundels](/source/Roundels) depicting the life of the [Anglo-Saxon](/source/Anglo-Saxon) saint, from [Crowland Abbey](/source/Crowland_Abbey), Lincolnshire (1175–1215)
- [Winchester Psalter](/source/Winchester_Psalter), [Romanesque](/source/Romanesque_art) illuminated psalter made for [Henry of Blois](/source/Henry_of_Blois), brother of [King Stephen](/source/Stephen,_King_of_England) (12th century)
- [*The General's Garden*](/source/The_General's_Garden_(Tangut_translation)) scroll, unique manuscript translation in the [Tangut language](/source/Tangut_language) and [script](/source/Tangut_script) of a Chinese military text, collected from the abandoned fortress city of [Khara-Khoto](/source/Khara-Khoto) by [Aurel Stein](/source/Aurel_Stein) in 1914 (12th century)
- [Annals of Egmond Abbey](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annalen_van_Egmond), the earliest manuscript copy in Latin of the annals from [Egmond Abbey](/source/Egmond_Abbey), a significant source for the early [history of the Netherlands](/source/History_of_the_Netherlands) (late 12th/early 13th centuries)[25]

## 1200–1300 AD

- Avag Vank Gospels, lavishly illuminated manuscript of the [Four Gospels](/source/Four_Gospels) in the [Armenian language](/source/Armenian_language), eastern Turkey (1200–01)
- [Westminster Psalter](/source/Westminster_Psalter), illuminated manuscript commissioned by the [Abbot of Westminster](/source/Abbot_of_Westminster) and the oldest surviving psalter used at [Westminster Abbey](/source/Westminster_Abbey) (c. 1200)
- *[Tacuinum Sanitatis](/source/Tacuinum_Sanitatis)*, "The Maintenance of Health", a medical digest composed by [Ibn Butlan](/source/Ibn_Butlan) in [Arabic](/source/Arabic) for [al-Malik al-Ẓāhir](/source/Az-Zahir_Ghazi), son of [Saladin](/source/Saladin) (1213)
- Two first edition copies of [Magna Carta](/source/Magna_Carta) out of 4 remaining copies (1215)
- [Rochester Bestiary](/source/Rochester_Bestiary), richly illuminated manuscript of a medieval [bestiary](/source/Bestiary), a book describing the appearance and habits of familiar and exotic animals, both real and legendary, Rochester, Kent (1220–1230)
- Reissue of the [Charter of the Forest](/source/Charter_of_the_Forest) that re-established for [free men](/source/Free_tenant) rights of access to the [royal forest](/source/Royal_forest) (1225)
- [Annals of Boyle](/source/Annals_of_Boyle), Irish medieval chronicle from [Trinity Island](/source/Holy_Trinity_Abbey,_Lough_Key) on [Lough Key](/source/Lough_Key) near [Boyle, County Roscommon](/source/Boyle,_County_Roscommon) (1235)
- Part of the Oxford-Paris-London [Bible moralisée](/source/Bible_moralis%C3%A9e), luxury illuminated manuscript commissioned by [Blanche of Castile](/source/Blanche_of_Castile) for [Margaret of Provence](/source/Margaret_of_Provence) (1230–45)
- [De Brailes](/source/De_Brailes) Hours, earliest surviving English [Book of Hours](/source/Book_of_Hours), once owned by [Charles Dyson Perrins](/source/Charles_Dyson_Perrins) (1240)[26]
- *[Mahzor Vitry](/source/Mahzor_Vitry)*, [liturgical](/source/Liturgical) manuscript written in [Ashkenazic](/source/Ashkenazic) script, unique compendium of Jewish prayers for the entire year according to the north French rite and a host of laws on everyday practices (1242)
- [Felbrigge Psalter](/source/Felbrigge_Psalter), illuminated manuscript with the earliest [embroidered](/source/Opus_Anglicanum) [bookbinding](/source/Bookbinding) on an English book, from [Felbrigg Hall](/source/Felbrigg_Hall), Norfolk (mid 13th century)
- Third part of the *[Chronica Majora](/source/Chronica_Majora)* or history of the world by [Matthew Paris](/source/Matthew_Paris), [Benedictine](/source/Benedictine) monk and celebrated historian from [St Albans Abbey](/source/St_Albans_Abbey) (1254–1259)
- [Rutland](/source/John_Manners,_5th_Duke_of_Rutland) Psalter, earliest extant example of an English [Psalter](/source/Psalter) with extensive marginal imagery, London (1260)[27]
- [Sumer is icumen in](/source/Sumer_is_icumen_in), manuscript copy of a [musical composition](/source/Musical_composition) composed at [Reading Abbey](/source/Reading_Abbey), oldest known [musical round](/source/Musical_round) yet discovered, with [Middle English](/source/Middle_English) words (1261–1265)
- *[Chronicles of Mann](/source/Chronicles_of_Mann)*, medieval Latin manuscript relating the early history of the [Isle of Man](/source/Isle_of_Man) (1262)
- [Oscott Psalter](/source/Oscott_Psalter), English manuscript with scenes from the Bible and some of the most striking paintings of the period (1265–1270)[28]
- [Dering Roll](/source/Dering_Roll), the oldest English roll of arms surviving in its original form (1270–80)
- Grandisson Psalter, once owned by [John Grandisson](/source/John_Grandisson), Bishop of Exeter and bequeathed to [Princess Isabella](/source/Isabella,_Countess_of_Bedford), eldest daughter of [King Edward III](/source/King_Edward_III) (1270–80)
- Hispano-Moresque [Haggadah](/source/Haggadah), illuminated [Passover](/source/Passover) Haggadah manuscript with 66 full-page illustrations depicting episodes from the [Book of Exodus](/source/Book_of_Exodus), made in [Castile](/source/Castile_(historical_region)), Spain (1280)[29]
- [Coldingham](/source/Coldingham) [Breviary](/source/Breviary), illuminated liturgical book made for [Coldingham Priory](/source/Coldingham_Priory), Berwickshire (1275–80)
- *[The Owl and the Nightingale](/source/The_Owl_and_the_Nightingale)*, one of the earliest substantial texts to be written in [Middle English](/source/Middle_English) (1275–1300)
- [North French Hebrew Miscellany](/source/North_French_Hebrew_Miscellany), important Hebrew illuminated manuscript containing a wide range of [Hebrew language](/source/Hebrew_language) texts (1278–98)
- Alphonso Psalter, ornate illuminated manuscript made for [Prince Alphonso](/source/Alphonso,_Earl_of_Chester), son of [Edward I](/source/Edward_I) and [Eleanor of Castile](/source/Eleanor_of_Castile), for his betrothal to Margaret, daughter of [Floris V, Count of Holland](/source/Floris_V,_Count_of_Holland) and Zeeland (1284)
- Collection of [Mishnah](/source/Mishnah) commentaries by Rabbinic scholar [Isaac ben Melchizedek](/source/Isaac_ben_Melchizedek) from [Siponto](/source/Siponto), Italy (1287–1288)
- Copy of [Sultan Walad](/source/Sultan_Walad)'s Ibtidānamah, said in a note by the Mughal prince [Dara Shikoh](/source/Dara_Shikoh) to be an autograph copy (1298)
- [Gospel](/source/Gospel) [Lectionary](/source/Lectionary) of Sainte-Chapelle, illuminated collection of Gospel passages read during mass-produced for the [Sainte-Chapelle, Paris](/source/Sainte-Chapelle,_Paris) (late 13th century)[30]
- [Fécamp Bible](/source/F%C3%A9camp_Bible), largely intact illuminated bible originally from the Abbey of [Fécamp](/source/F%C3%A9camp), Normandy (late 13th century)
- Copy of [Abd al-Raḥmān al-Ṣūfī](/source/Abd_al-Rahman_al-Sufi)'s *Kitāb Ṣuwar al-kawākib al-thābitah*, an illustrated description of the 48 classical constellations in Ptolemy's Almagest (13th century)
- *[Chronicle of Melrose](/source/Chronicle_of_Melrose)*, medieval [chronicle](/source/Chronicle) written by monks at [Melrose Abbey](/source/Melrose_Abbey) with the earliest independent account of the sealing of [Magna Carta](/source/Magna_Carta) (late 13th century)
- [Percy](/source/House_of_Percy) Psalter-Hours, rare and early example of an illuminated [devotional book](/source/Devotional_book) from [York](/source/York), northern England (late 13th century)
- Rare manuscript of a [Qur'ān](/source/Qur'%C4%81n) in [maghribi script](/source/Maghribi_script) from [Al-Andalus](/source/Al-Andalus), Volume 39 of 60 volumes, originally produced in [Granada](/source/Granada), Spain (13th century)

## 1300–1400 AD

- One of the *[Grandes Chroniques de France](/source/Grandes_Chroniques_de_France)*, once owned by [John II of France](/source/John_II_of_France), vernacular royal compilation of the history of France (1300–1399)
- [Duke of Sussex](/source/Prince_Augustus_Frederick,_Duke_of_Sussex)'s German [Pentateuch](/source/Pentateuch), Hebrew manuscript richly decorated with mythical beasts in the margins, southern Germany (c. 1300)
- The Gwentian Code of the Welsh Law or [Book of Cyfnerth](/source/Cyfraith_Hywel), medieval legal manuscript in [Welsh](/source/Welsh_language) produced in [Neath](/source/Neath), south Wales (1300–1325)
- [Tripartite Maḥzor](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machsor_Tripartitum), one of three volumes from a festival prayer book for the [Feast of Weeks](/source/Feast_of_Weeks) and [Feast of the Tabernacles](/source/Feast_of_the_Tabernacles), written in [Hebrew](/source/Hebrew) in southern Germany (1300–1329)
- [Breviary](/source/Breviary) of Renaud de Bar, originally owned by [Reginald of Bar](/source/Reginald_of_Bar_(bishop_of_Metz)), Bishop of [Metz](/source/Metz) (1302–1303)
- Mamluk [Sultan Baybars II](/source/Baibars_II)'s seven-volume Qur'an written in gold in [thuluth script](/source/Thuluth_script), the earliest dated Qur'an from the [Mamluk period](/source/Mamluk_period), Cairo (1304–06)
- [Part](/source/Juz') 25 of the Qur'ān commissioned by the [Ilkhanate](/source/Ilkhanate) ruler [Sultan Öljaitü](/source/%C3%96ljait%C3%BC), written in a fine gold [muhaqqaq](/source/Muhaqqaq) script with illuminated frontispiece. Mosul, Iraq (1310–1311)
- Original manuscript of the [Ordinances of 1311](/source/Ordinances_of_1311), series of regulations imposed upon [King Edward II](/source/King_Edward_II) by the nobility and clergy (1311)[31]
- [Val-Dieu Apocalypse](/source/Val-Dieu_Apocalypse), richly illuminated Gothic manuscript of the [Book of Revelation](/source/Book_of_Revelation), one of four extant examples of the "Norman Apocalypses" (1320s)
- [Stowe Breviary](/source/Stowe_Breviary), illuminated manuscript [breviary](/source/Breviary) from England, providing divine office according to the [Sarum Ordinal](/source/Sarum_Ordinal) and calendar (1320–1330)
- [Hours of Saint-Omer](/source/Hours_of_Saint-Omer), illuminated book of hours produced in [Saint-Omer](/source/Saint-Omer), northern France for the use of [Marguerite de Beaujeu](/source/Marguerite_de_Baug%C3%A9) (1320–1330)
- [Taymouth Hours](/source/Taymouth_Hours), illuminated [Book of Hours](/source/Book_of_Hours) produced in England with unusually rich decoration, named after [Taymouth Castle](/source/Taymouth_Castle) in Scotland where it was kept for centuries (1325–1335)
- Illuminated manuscript of *[Roman de Brut](/source/Roman_de_Brut)* in [Norman French](/source/Norman_French) by [Wace](/source/Wace), the earliest surviving vernacular chronicle of [British history](/source/British_history), with the earliest depiction of [Stonehenge](/source/Stonehenge) (1325–1350)
- [Psalter](/source/Psalter) of Queen Philippa, illuminated manuscript probably made as a gift for [Philippa of Hainault](/source/Philippa_of_Hainault) to mark her marriage to [Edward III of England](/source/Edward_III_of_England) (1328)
- [Holkham Bible](/source/Holkham_Bible) with illustrated collection of biblical and apocryphal stories in [Norman French](/source/Norman_French), from Holkham Hall, Norfolk (1327–1335)
- Regia Carmina, address in verse to [Robert of Anjou, King of Naples](/source/Robert_of_Anjou,_King_of_Naples) from the town of [Prato](/source/Prato) in Tuscany, written by [Convenevole da Prato](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convenevole_da_Prato) and illuminated by [Pacino di Buonaguida](/source/Pacino_di_Buonaguida) (1335–1340)
- An early manuscript of the [Samaritan Pentateuch](/source/Samaritan_Pentateuch),[32] containing basic text of the first five books of the [Hebrew Bible](/source/Hebrew_Bible) in the [Samaritan script](/source/Samaritan_script), Damascus, Syria (1339)
- [Smithfield Decretals](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithfield_Decretals), copy of the glossed [Decretals of Pope Gregory IX](/source/Decretales_Gregorii_IX), renowned for its extraordinary programme of marginal illumination, once owned by [St Bartholomew-the-Great](/source/St_Bartholomew-the-Great) church in Smithfield (1340)
- [Golden Haggadah](/source/Golden_Haggadah), [Barcelona Haggadah](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagad%C3%A0_de_Barcelona),[33] Sister Haggadah[34] and Brother Haggadah,[35] four illuminated manuscripts for the [Jewish Passover](/source/Jewish_Passover) from [Catalonia](/source/Catalonia) (early 14th century)
- [Gorleston Psalter](/source/Gorleston_Psalter), illuminated manuscript containing early music instruction and humorous marginalia (early 14th century)
- [Queen Mary Psalter](/source/Queen_Mary_Psalter), [Luttrell Psalter](/source/Luttrell_Psalter) and [Howard Psalter and Hours](/source/Howard_Psalter_and_Hours), three lavishly illuminated Gothic manuscripts (early 14th century)
- Illustrated copy of [ʿAjā'ib al-makhlūqāt wa gharā'ib al-mawjūdāt](/source/%CA%BFAj%C4%81'ib_al-makhl%C5%ABq%C4%81t_wa_ghar%C4%81'ib_al-mawj%C5%ABd%C4%81t) or "Wonders of Creation" by [Zakariya al-Qazwini](/source/Zakariya_al-Qazwini) (early 14th century)[36]
- [Maastricht Hours](/source/Maastricht_Hours), book of hours made in [Liège](/source/Li%C3%A8ge), remarkable for its large number of vibrant illuminations (early 14th century)
- [Liber astrologiae](/source/Liber_astrologiae_(Liber_Albumazarus)) (Liber Albumazarus, Abū Maʿshar Treatise), richly illustrated Latin compilation of astrological writings by [Georgius Zothorus Zaparus Fendulus](/source/Georgius_Zothorus_Zaparus_Fendulus) (mid-14th century)
- [Kildare Poems](/source/Kildare_Poems), group of sixteen poems written in an Irish dialect of [Middle English](/source/Middle_English), one of the earliest manuscripts in [Irish English](/source/Irish_English), Kildare, Ireland (c. 1350)
- [Serres](/source/Serres) [Gospels](/source/Tetraevangelion), made by [Kalist Rasoder](/source/Kalist_Rasoder) for [Jakov of Serres](/source/Jakov_of_Serres) and written in the Serbian recension of [Church Slavonic](/source/Church_Slavonic) (1354)
- [Gospels of Tsar Ivan Alexander](/source/Gospels_of_Tsar_Ivan_Alexander), the most important medieval Bulgarian manuscript (1355–1356)
- [Robertsbridge Codex](/source/Robertsbridge_Codex), earliest surviving music manuscript written specifically for keyboard, [Robertsbridge](/source/Robertsbridge), East Sussex (1360)
- Coronation book of [Charles V of France](/source/Charles_V_of_France), sumptuous illustrated manuscript recording the rituals of a royal [coronation](/source/Coronation) (1365)
- [Sherborne Missal](/source/Sherborne_Missal), one of the finest English examples of [International Gothic](/source/International_Gothic) illuminated manuscripts (1385–1415)
- Korean manuscript of volume 32 of the [Avatamsaka Sutra](/source/Avatamsaka_Sutra), written on gold pigment for a royal patron (1390)
- Illustrated [Persian](/source/Persian_miniature) manuscript of three of the five poems from the [Khamsa](/source/Hamsa_(literature)) by [Khvājū Kirmānī](/source/Khwaju_Kermani) (1396)
- [Al-Kashshaf](/source/Al-Kashshaf), a commentary on the Qurʻān by [al-Zamakhshari](/source/Al-Zamakhshari) (14th century)

## 1400–1500 AD

- [Manuscript](/source/Pearl_Manuscript) of *[Sir Gawain and the Green Knight](/source/Sir_Gawain_and_the_Green_Knight)*, one of the earliest illustrated English literary works (c. 1400)
- [London Manuscript](/source/British_Library,_Add_MS_29987), a [medieval](/source/Medieval_music) [Tuscan](/source/Tuscany) musical manuscript containing some of the earliest purely instrumental pieces in the Western musical tradition (c. 1400)
- [Picture Book of the Life of St John and the Apocalypse](/source/Picture_Book_of_the_Life_of_Saint_John_and_the_Apocalypse), illuminated manuscript featuring the [Book of Revelation](/source/Book_of_Revelation) embedded within the legendary [Life of John](/source/John_of_Patmos), rendered in opulent miniatures with inscriptions integrated into the images (c. 1400)
- The Life and Acts of Lalibela, Ethiopian manuscript of the history of [King Lalibela](/source/Lalibela_(Emperor_of_Ethiopia)) of [Lasta](/source/Lasta) (1400)
- Lovell [Lectionary](/source/Lectionary), illuminated codex painted by John Siferwas, [Dominican](/source/Dominican_Order) friar and illuminator of the [Sherborne Missal](/source/Sherborne_Missal), commissioned by [John, Lord Lovell, of Titchmarsh](/source/Baron_Lovel) (1400–1408)
- Copy of [Histoire ancienne jusqu'à César](/source/British_Library,_Stowe_MS_54_(Histoire_ancienne)), historical illuminated manuscript recounting tales of the ancient world, especially the [Trojan War](/source/Trojan_War), the conquests of [Alexander the Great](/source/Alexander_the_Great) and the greatness of ancient Rome (1400–25)
- [Hours of René of Anjou](/source/Egerton_Hours), illuminated manuscript made in [Paris](/source/Paris) acquired by [René](/source/Ren%C3%A9_of_Anjou), Duke of Anjou and King of Naples (1405–1410)
- Great Bible, at over half metre long the largest manuscript of the Bible in the British Library's collection, once owned by [Henry IV of England](/source/Henry_IV_of_England) (early 15th century)
- [Codex Bellunensis](https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Bellunensis), illustrated [florilegia](/source/Florilegia) and [botanical codex](/source/List_of_florilegia_and_botanical_codices) with 180 full-page painted drawings of plants from [Belluno](/source/Belluno), northern Italy (early 15th century)[37]
- One of the earliest copies of the [Canterbury Tales](/source/Canterbury_Tales) by Geoffrey Chaucer, perhaps the most influential literary text in Middle English (1410)
- Book of the Queen, lavishly decorated collection of works by the poet [Christine de Pizan](/source/Christine_de_Pizan) presented to [Queen Isabeau](/source/Queen_Isabeau) of France (1410–1414)
- Beaufort/Beauchamp Hours, composite [book of hours](/source/Book_of_hours), the main part of which was most likely made for [Margaret Beauchamp](/source/Margaret_Beauchamp) (1411–1443)
- Gospel lectionary inscribed in Greek at the [Monastery of St Marina](/source/St._Marina's_Monastery) in [Berat](/source/Berat), Albania (1413)
- [Old Hall Manuscript](/source/Old_Hall_Manuscript), the largest and most complete source of English sacred music of the late 14th and early 15th centuries (1410–1420)
- [Wardington](/source/Wardington_Manor) Hours, Hours of the Passion illuminated by an artist from the school of the [Bedford Master](/source/Bedford_Master), Paris (1410–1440)
- [Breviary of John the Fearless](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%A9viaire_de_Jean_sans_Peur) and [Margaret of Bavaria](/source/Margaret_of_Bavaria), illuminated manuscript given to the [couple](/source/John_the_Fearless) to celebrate their betrothal (1413–19)
- [Bedford Hours](/source/Bedford_Hours), a richly illustrated late-medieval book of hours once owned by the [Duke of Bedford](/source/John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford) (1410–1430)
- Psalter of Humphrey of Gloucester, illuminated [Book of Psalms](/source/Book_of_Psalms) belonging to [Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester](/source/Humphrey,_Duke_of_Gloucester), uncle to King [Henry VI of England](/source/Henry_VI_of_England) (1430–1440)
- [Windsor](/source/Windsor,_Berkshire) [Carol](/source/Carol_(music)) Book, manuscript of music and carols for [Holy Week](/source/Holy_Week), probably written for [St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle](/source/St_George's_Chapel,_Windsor_Castle) (1430–1444)
- *[The Book of Margery Kempe](/source/The_Book_of_Margery_Kempe)*, the earliest surviving autobiography in the English language (1436)
- [Tractatus de Herbis](/source/Tractatus_de_Herbis), illustrated treatise of [medicinal plants](/source/Medicinal_plants), with nearly 500 representations of plants, animals and minerals, originally from [Lombardy](/source/Lombardy), northern Italy (1440)
- [Dunois Hours](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heures_de_Dunois), highly decorated French [Book of Hours](/source/Book_of_Hours) by the [Dunois Master](/source/Dunois_Master), commissioned by [Jean d'Orléans, Count of Dunois](/source/Jean_de_Dunois) (1439–1450)
- Collected commentaries on the Spring and Autumn annals, [printed document](/source/Print_culture) with early use of Kabin font moveable type under the Korean [King Sejong](/source/King_Sejong), Seoul (1442)
- [Talbot Shrewsbury Book](/source/Talbot_Shrewsbury_Book), large richly-illuminated manuscript presented to [Margaret of Anjou](/source/Margaret_of_Anjou) from Rouen, France (1444–1445)
- Illuminated manuscript copy of [Dante](/source/Dante)'s [Divine Comedy](/source/Divine_Comedy), produced for [Alfonso V](/source/Alfonso_V_of_Aragon), king of Aragon, Naples and Sicily, Siena, Italy (1450)
- Volume of Poems of Charles of Orleans, illuminated folio of poems written by [Charles, Duke of Orléans](/source/Charles_I,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans) during his imprisonment in England following the [Battle of Agincourt](/source/Battle_of_Agincourt) (c. 1450)
- Leaf from the [Hours of Étienne Chevalier](/source/Hours_of_%C3%89tienne_Chevalier), illuminated book of hours commissioned by [Étienne Chevalier](/source/%C3%89tienne_Chevalier), treasurer to King [Charles VII of France](/source/Charles_VII_of_France), the only work of the famed illuminator [Jean Fouquet](/source/Jean_Fouquet) in the collection (1452)
- Two [Gutenberg](/source/Gutenberg_Bible) or 42-line Bibles and a leaf from a third, copies of a Latin Bible printed at [Mainz](/source/Mainz), Germany, the earliest major books printed using mass-produced [movable metal type](/source/Movable_metal_type) in Europe (1450–1455)
- [Mainz Psalter](/source/Mainz_Psalter), the second work to be produced with movable type in Europe and the first to experiment with multi-coloured [printing](/source/Printing), one of 10 extant copies, Mainz, Germany (1457)
- Copy of the [Bamberg](/source/Bamberg_Bible) or 36-line Bible, the second moveable-type-printed edition of the Bible from [Bamberg](/source/Bamberg), Germany (c. 1458–60)
- Rime and Trionfi by [Petrarch](/source/Petrarch), illuminated manuscript of poetry once owned by Cardinal [Francesco Gonzaga](/source/Francesco_Gonzaga_(1444%E2%80%931483)), northern Italy (1465)
- [Mentelin Bible](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentelin-Bibel), the first bible to be printed in any [vernacular](/source/Vernacular) language, one of the first edition copies printed by [Johann Mentelin](/source/Johann_Mentelin) in Strasbourg (1466)
- [Shamakhi](/source/Shamakhi) anthology of poetry, illustrated by Sharaf al-Dīn Ḥusayn, a royal scribe based at the court of the [Shirvanshah](/source/Shirvanshah) [Farrukh Yassar](/source/Farrukh_Yassar) in [Shirvan](/source/Shirvan), [Azerbaijan](/source/Azerbaijan) (1468)
- [Sanaa](/source/Sanaa) [Pentateuch](/source/Pentateuch) or Five Books of Moses, with stylised representations of mountains and fish swimming in the sea outlined in scriptural micrography, [Yemen](/source/Yemen) (1469)
- Only surviving manuscript copy of [Thomas Malory](/source/Thomas_Malory)'s [Le Morte d'Arthur](/source/Le_Morte_d'Arthur), retelling the legends of [King Arthur](/source/King_Arthur) and his Knights (1471–1483)[38]
- *[Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye](/source/Recuyell_of_the_Historyes_of_Troye)*, copy of [William Caxton](/source/William_Caxton)'s first printed book and the first book printed anywhere in English, from Bruges or Ghent, Belgium (1473)
- [Constance](/source/Konstanz) Gradual, only surviving complete edition of the first [printed book](/source/Printing_press) of music using [moveable type](/source/Moveable_type), southern Germany (1473)[39]
- First and second printed editions of [William Caxton](/source/William_Caxton)'s *[Canterbury Tales](/source/Canterbury_Tales)* (1476–1483)
- Manuscript copy of *[Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers](/source/Dictes_and_Sayings_of_the_Philosophers)*, [Middle English](/source/Middle_English) translation by [Anthony Woodville](/source/Anthony_Woodville) of the original book written in [Arabic](/source/Arabic) by the medieval Arab scholar [al-Mubashshir ibn Fatik](/source/Al-Mubashshir_ibn_Fatik) (1477)
- Hastings Hours, [vellum](/source/Vellum) illuminated manuscript with painted miniatures attributed to the Flemish artist [Alexander Bening](/source/Alexander_Bening) made for [Lord Hastings](/source/William_Hastings,_1st_Baron_Hastings) (1480)
- Lisbon Bible, the most accomplished codex of the Portuguese school of medieval [Hebrew illumination](/source/List_of_Hebrew_Bible_manuscripts) (1483)
- Two manuscript copies of the [Catholicon Anglicum](/source/Catholicon_Anglicum), an English-to-Latin bilingual dictionary (1483)
- [Huth](/source/Alfred_Henry_Huth) Hours, elaborately illuminated [Book of Hours](/source/Book_of_Hours) attributed to [Simon Marmion](/source/Simon_Marmion), Flanders (1485–1490)
- Early printed editions of the [letter](/source/Columbus's_letter_on_the_first_voyage) written by [Christopher Columbus](/source/Christopher_Columbus) describing his first voyage to the [New World](/source/New_World), Rome and Basel (1493)
- [Isabella Breviary](/source/Isabella_Breviary), [illuminated manuscript](/source/Illuminated_manuscript) given to Queen [Isabella I](/source/Isabella_I) by ambassador Francisco de Rojas to commemorate the double marriage of her children and the children of [Emperor Maximilian of Austria](/source/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor) and Duchess [Mary of Burgundy](/source/Mary_of_Burgundy) (1497)
- Most of the Book of [Hours of Louis XII](/source/Hours_of_Louis_XII) produced by [Jean Bourdichon](/source/Jean_Bourdichon) for King Louis XII of France (1498–1499)
- Luxury illustrated copy of the *[Roman de la Rose](/source/Roman_de_la_Rose)*, one of the last [Flemish Master](/source/Master_of_the_Prayer_Books_of_around_1500) illuminated manuscripts, Bruges (1490–1500)
- Two copies of the [Khamsa of Nizami](/source/Khamsa_of_Nizami) illustrated by Tīmurid artist [Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād](/source/Kam%C4%81l_ud-D%C4%ABn_Behz%C4%81d), the most famous of Persian miniature painters (late 15th century)
- [Ritson Choirbook](/source/Ritson_Manuscript), early manuscript source of English carols (late 15th century)
- [Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai](/source/Hikayat_Raja-raja_Pasai), the oldest known historical chronicle written in the [Malay language](/source/Malay_language) (15th century)
- Križanić [Breviary](/source/Breviary), liturgical manuscript written in [Glagolitic script](/source/Glagolitic_script) by the Croat monk Ivan Križanić, from the [Erberg](/source/Josef_Kalasanz_von_Erberg) collection, Croatia (15th century)
- Late medieval manuscript copy of the [Jónsbók](/source/J%C3%B3nsb%C3%B3k), code of laws promulgated in Iceland by Jón Einarsson in 1280, at the instigation of King [Magnus VI of Norway](/source/Magnus_VI_of_Norway), from the collection of [Sir Joseph Banks](/source/Sir_Joseph_Banks) (15th century)

## 1500–1700 AD

- [Codex Arundel](/source/Codex_Arundel), one of [Leonardo da Vinci](/source/Leonardo_da_Vinci)'s notebooks (1480–1518)
- [Sforza Hours](/source/Sforza_Hours) one of the most richly illuminated books of hours of the [Renaissance](/source/Renaissance) (1490–1520)
- [Petit Livre d'Amour](/source/Petit_Livre_d'Amour), manuscript collection of love poems written by [Pierre Sala](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Sala), [antiquary](/source/Antiquary) and [valet de chambre](/source/Valet_de_chambre) of [Louis XII of France](/source/Louis_XII_of_France) (1500)
- [The Hours of Joanna I of Castile](/source/The_Hours_of_Joanna_I_of_Castile), illuminated manuscript by [Gerard Horenbout](/source/Gerard_Horenbout) from the [Ghent-Bruges school](/source/Ghent-Bruges_school) (1500)
- Anne Boleyn's Book of Hours, opulent [Book of Hours](/source/Book_of_Hours) once owned by [Anne Boleyn](/source/Anne_Boleyn), wife of [Henry VIII of England](/source/Henry_VIII_of_England), with lover's inscriptions (1500)[40]
- [Nimatnama-i-Nasiruddin-Shahi](/source/Nimatnama-i-Nasiruddin-Shahi), medieval Indian cookbook, written in [Persian language](/source/Persian_language) with [Naskh script](/source/Naskh_script), commissioned by Sultan [Ghiyath Shah](/source/Ghiyath_Shah) of the [Malwa Sultanate](/source/Malwa_Sultanate) in central India (1500)
- [Stuart de Rothesay](/source/Charles_Stuart,_1st_Baron_Stuart_de_Rothesay) Book of Hours, illuminated Book of Hours written by [Bartolomeo Sanvito](/source/Bartolomeo_Sanvito) and commissioned by Cardinal [Marino Grimani](/source/Marino_Grimani_(cardinal)) with four miniatures by [Giulio Clovio](/source/Giulio_Clovio) (c. 1508–1538 AD)[41]
- [Westminster Tournament Challenge](/source/The_Westminster_Tournament_Challenge) manuscript, illuminated invitation to the Westminster [jousting](/source/Jousting) tournament hosted by [Henry VIII of England](/source/Henry_VIII_of_England) and [Catherine of Aragon](/source/Catherine_of_Aragon) (1511)
- [Portuguese Genealogy](/source/Family_tree_of_Portuguese_monarchs), illuminated manuscript made for Infante [Dom Fernando of Portugal](/source/Ferdinand_of_Portugal,_Duke_of_Guarda) with paintings by [Simon Bening](/source/Simon_Bening) and [Antonio de Holanda](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_de_Holanda) (1530–1534)
- One of only three [extant](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/extant) copies of the first edition of the [Tynedale New Testament](/source/Tyndale_Bible), the first bible to be translated and mass-produced in English by [William Tyndale](/source/William_Tyndale) (1526)[42]
- Diminutive prayer books made for [Anne Seymour](/source/Anne_Seymour,_Duchess_of_Somerset), [Anne Boleyn](/source/Anne_Boleyn) and [Lady Jane Grey](/source/Lady_Jane_Grey); the latter two said to have been taken to the [scaffold](/source/Scaffold_(execution_site)) at their executions (1536–1544)[43][44][45]
- Poems of [Sir Thomas Wyatt](/source/Sir_Thomas_Wyatt), the earliest notebook in the English language of any major poet that has survived (1530–1540)
- [Henry VIII](/source/Henry_VIII)'s personal copy of the [Great Bible](/source/Great_Bible), the first authorised version of the Bible in English (1540)
- [Shah Ṭahmāsb](/source/Tahmasp_I)'s copy of [Nizami Ganjavi](/source/Nizami_Ganjavi)'s [Khamsah (Five Poems)](/source/Hamsa_(literature)) with illustrations of The Prophet Muhammad's Celestial Journey by [Sultan Mohammed](/source/Sultan_Mohammed), Tabriz, Iran (1539–1543)
- [Psalter of Henry VIII](/source/Psalter_of_Henry_VIII), illuminated psalter by Jean Mallard that belonged to [Henry VIII of England](/source/Henry_VIII_of_England) (1540–1550)
- [Golf Book](/source/Golf_book), illuminated [Book of Hours](/source/Book_of_Hours) manuscript created by [Simon Bening](/source/Simon_Bening) in Bruges, Belgium (1540–1550)
- The Glorification of the Great Goddess, beautiful palm leaf manuscript of the [Devimahatmya](/source/Devimahatmya), copied in Nepal in [Newari script](/source/Classical_Newari) during the reign of King [Prana Malla](/source/Prana_Malla) of [Bhaktapur](/source/Bhaktapur) (1547)
- Triumphs of [Emperor Charles V](/source/Emperor_Charles_V), codex of 12 full page miniature paintings by [Giulio Clovio](/source/Giulio_Clovio) celebrating the victories of the [Holy Roman Emperor](/source/Holy_Roman_Emperor) (1556–1575)[46]
- *[Yongle Encyclopedia](/source/Yongle_Encyclopedia)*, 24 volumes of the second edition of the encyclopaedia commissioned by the [Yongle Emperor](/source/Yongle_Emperor), containing the most important texts available at that time, China (1562–1572)
- [Mattioli's Dioscorides illustrated by Cibo](/source/Mattioli's_Dioscorides_illustrated_by_Cibo), a herbal compiled primarily from [Pietro Andrea Mattioli](/source/Pietro_Andrea_Mattioli)’s commented translation of [Dioscorides](/source/Dioscorides), lavishly illustrated by the Italian painter and herbalist [Gherardo Cibo](/source/Gherardo_Cibo) (c. 1565).
- [Splendor Solis](/source/Splendor_Solis), medical and alchemical treatises attributed to [Salomon Trismosin](/source/Salomon_Trismosin), meticulously painted and highlighted with gold in Germany (1582)
- Imperial illuminated copy of the [Dārāb-nāma](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%81r%C4%81b-n%C4%81ma_(British_Library_Or._4615)) in [Nastaliq](/source/Nastaliq) script by Abu Ṭahir Ṭarsusi, originally from the Mughal Library of Emperor [Akbar](/source/Akbar) (1585)[47]
- [Illustrated memoirs](/source/Baburnama) of the Mughal [Emperor Bābur](/source/Babur) and the first volume of [Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak](/source/Abu'l-Fazl_ibn_Mubarak)'s [Akbarnamah](/source/Akbarnamah), both produced for Bābur's grandson [Akbar](/source/Akbar), Lahore, Pakistan (1590)
- Illuminated manuscript of the [Khamsa of Nizami](/source/Khamsa_of_Nizami_(British_Library,_Or._12208)), lavishly illustrated manuscript created for the Mughal Emperor [Akbar](/source/Akbar) (1590–1600)
- An incomplete manuscript of the [Razmnama](/source/Razmnamah_(British_Library,_Or._12076)), an illustrated [Mughal](/source/Mughal_Empire) translation of the Hindu epic [Mahabharata](/source/Mahabharata) written by Naqib Khan (1598–1599)
- [Vologda](/source/Vologda)-[Perm](/source/Perm,_Russia) Chronicle, chronicle of events in Russian [Church Slavonic](/source/Church_Slavonic), important early source for the [history of Russia](/source/History_of_Russia) (16th century)
- [Book of Soyga](/source/Book_of_Soyga), Latin treatise on magic owned by the [Elizabethan](/source/Elizabethan) scholar [John Dee](/source/John_Dee) (16th century)
- Important music manuscripts for keyboard, including *[Elizabeth Rogers' Virginal Book](/source/Elizabeth_Rogers'_Virginal_Book)*, [The Mulliner Book](/source/The_Mulliner_Book), *[My Ladye Nevells Booke](/source/My_Ladye_Nevells_Booke)* and the [Susanne van Soldt Manuscript](/source/Susanne_van_Soldt_Manuscript) from Holland (16th–17th centuries)
- [The Book of Sir Thomas More](/source/Sir_Thomas_More_(play)), one of a small number of [Elizabethan](/source/Elizabethan) plays to survive in manuscript form with three pages attributed to [William Shakespeare](/source/William_Shakespeare) (1601–04)
- Rare first edition of [Don Quixote](/source/Don_Quixote), the first modern novel (1604)[48]
- Illuminated manuscript of [Anvar-i Suhayli](/source/Panchatantra) or Lights of [Canopus](/source/Canopus), copied for the Mughal Emperor [Jahangir](/source/Jahangir) with 36 beautiful miniatures (1604–1614)[49]
- [Squirrels in a Plane Tree](/source/Squirrels_in_a_Plane_Tree), [Mughal](/source/Mughal_painting) painting by [Abu'l Hasan](/source/Abu'l-Hasan_(artist)) and [Mansur](/source/Ustad_Mansur), leading court artists during the reign of the Mughal emperor [Jahangir](/source/Jahangir) (1610)
- Handwritten notebook by [Sir Walter Raleigh](/source/Sir_Walter_Raleigh) for his [History of the World](/source/The_History_of_the_World_(Raleigh)), drafted while he was incarcerated in the [Tower of London](/source/Tower_of_London) (1604–1616)[50]
- [Shirburn Ballads](/source/Shirburn_Ballads), [manuscript](/source/Manuscript) collection of [Elizabethan](/source/Elizabethan) to early [Stuart](/source/Stuart_era)-era [ballads](/source/Ballad) that formerly resided in [Shirburn Castle](/source/Shirburn_Castle) (1609–1616)
- Five copies of William Shakespeare's [First Folio](/source/First_Folio) of plays (1623)
- One of about 20 extant copies of the [Wicked Bible](/source/Wicked_Bible), with one of the most infamous [printing errors](/source/Bible_errata) in history ("Thou shalt commit adultery") (1631)
- Lavishly decorated scroll of Chapter 8 of the [Lotus Sutra](/source/Lotus_Sutra), presented by Emperor [Go-Mizunoo](/source/Go-Mizunoo) to the [Tōshō-gū Shrine](/source/Nikk%C5%8D_T%C5%8Dsh%C5%8D-g%C5%AB) in [Nikkō](/source/Nikk%C5%8D). Japan (1636)
- [Kaifeng](/source/Kaifeng) [Torah](/source/Torah) Scroll, sheepskin scroll with 239 columns of text in [Hebrew](/source/Hebrew), one of only seven complete scrolls to have survived from the [Synagogue in Kaifeng](/source/Kaifeng_Jews), China (1643–1663)
- Second edition of the [Bay Psalm Book](/source/Bay_Psalm_Book), earliest printed book in [British North America](/source/British_North_America) (1647)
- Most volumes of the Mewar [Ramayana](/source/Ramayana), illustrated manuscript with 450 paintings of the [Hindu Epic](/source/Hindu_Epic), commissioned by Acarya Jasvant for the library of [Jagat Singh I](/source/Jagat_Singh_I) of the Rajput kingdom of [Mewar](/source/Udaipur_State) in [Rajasthan](/source/Rajasthan) (1649–1653)[51]
- [Ethiopian manuscript](/source/Ethiopian_manuscript_collections) of [The Four Gospels](/source/The_Four_Gospels), richly illustrated manuscript displaying European artistic influences, Gondar, Ethiopia (1664–1665)

## 1700 AD – present

- The [Revelation of Saint John](/source/Revelation_of_Saint_John), profusely illustrated manuscript with 126 paintings, Gondar, Ethiopia (1700–1730)
- One of only two extant copies of [Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book](/source/Tommy_Thumb's_Pretty_Song_Book), the oldest printed edition anthology of English [nursery rhymes](/source/Nursery_rhymes) (1744)
- Rare edition of the [Qianlong Emperor](/source/Qianlong_Emperor)'s 'Eulogy on [Mukden](/source/Mukden)', poem written in thirty-two seal-script forms in both [Manchu](/source/Manchu_language) and [Chinese](/source/Chinese_language) (1748)
- Luxury [Sinhalese](/source/Sinhala_script) manuscript containing bilingual [Atthakatha](/source/Atthakatha), Buddhist scriptures incised in gold on palm leaves, Sri Lanka (1756)
- [Statue of William Shakespeare](/source/Statue_of_William_Shakespeare_(Roubiliac)) by the French sculptor [Louis-François Roubiliac](/source/Louis-Fran%C3%A7ois_Roubiliac), commissioned by the celebrated Shakespearian actor [David Garrick](/source/David_Garrick) (1757)
- Manuscript draft of the [Proclamation of Rebellion](/source/Proclamation_of_Rebellion), [George III](/source/George_III)'s response to the [Olive Branch Petition](/source/Olive_Branch_Petition) during the [American Revolution](/source/American_Revolution) (1775)
- Copy of the poetical works in the [Chaghatai language](/source/Chaghatai_language) of [Sultan Husayn Bayqara](/source/Sultan_Husayn_Bayqara) and the Mughal Emperor [Babur](/source/Babur) (1776)
- Only surviving first edition of [Gammer Gurton's Garland](/source/Gammer_Gurton's_Garland), early anthology of English [nursery rhymes](/source/Nursery_rhymes) (1784)
- [Menggu Ziyun](/source/Menggu_Ziyun), unique copy of a 14th-century rime dictionary of Chinese written in the ['Phags-pa script](/source/'Phags-pa_script) (18th century)
- The Acts and Life of Saint [Tekle Haymanot](/source/Tekle_Haymanot), profusely illustrated manuscript with the only known example of a metal cover with carvings of figures and the cross outside of Ethiopia (18th century AD)
- Serat Selarasa, one of the earliest finely-illustrated [Javanese](/source/Javanese_script) manuscripts known, retelling the adventures of Selarasa, prince of [Champa](/source/Champa) and his two brothers, originally owned by Colonel [Colin Mackenzie](/source/Colin_Mackenzie) (1804 AD)[52]
- Anthology of poetry by the last Mughal Emperor [Bahadur Shah Zafar](/source/Bahadur_Shah_Zafar) (early 19th century AD)
- Copy of Taj al-Salatin or The Crown of Kings, one of the finest illuminated [Malay](/source/Malayic_languages) manuscripts known, [Penang](/source/Penang) (1824)[53]
- One of only 120 copies of [The Birds of America](/source/The_Birds_of_America) by [John James Audubon](/source/John_James_Audubon), containing illustrations of a wide variety of birds from the United States (1827–1838)
- Rani Jindan's Prayer Book, luxurious manuscript written in the [Gurmukhi](/source/Gurmukhi) script produced for [Maharani Jind Kaur](/source/Maharani_Jind_Kaur), Regent of the [Sikh Empire](/source/Sikh_Empire) (1828–1830)
- Manuscript copy in [Arabic script](/source/Arabic_script) of the [Meadows of Paradise](/source/Rawz_al-jinan_wa_ruh_al-jinan) by [Gidado dan Laima](/source/Gidado_dan_Laima), close associate of [Usman dan Fodio](/source/Usman_dan_Fodio), founder of the [Sokoto Caliphate](/source/Sokoto_Caliphate), northern Nigeria (1840)
- [Delhi Book](/source/Delhi_Book) or Reminiscences of Imperial Delhi, album with collection of 120 paintings mostly by the Mughal painter [Mazhar Ali Khan](/source/Mazhar_Ali_Khan_(painter)), commissioned by [Sir Thomas Metcalfe](/source/Sir_Thomas_Metcalfe) (1844)
- First edition of the [Communist Manifesto](/source/Communist_Manifesto) by [Karl Marx](/source/Karl_Marx) and [Frederick Engels](/source/Frederick_Engels), one of only 25 copies that survive today (1848)
- Rare first edition of [Leaves of Grass](/source/Leaves_of_Grass), poetry [anthology](/source/Anthology) by American poet [Walt Whitman](/source/Walt_Whitman) (1855)
- [Emancipation Proclamation](/source/Emancipation_Proclamation), one of 27 surviving copies of the [Leland](/source/Charles_Godfrey_Leland)-[Boker](/source/George_Henry_Boker) "Authorized Edition" printed by [Frederick Leypoldt](/source/Frederick_Leypoldt), US (1863)
- Pageant of [King Mindon](/source/King_Mindon) manuscript, the finest example of Burmese manuscript art before it became influenced by Western artistic conventions, depicting the procession of King Mindon and his court to dedicate the [Kyauk-daw-gyi](/source/Kyauktawgyi_Buddha_Temple_(Mandalay)) Buddha image in [Mandalay](/source/Mandalay) (1865)
- Imperial manuscript copy of the [Tale of Kiều](/source/Tale_of_Ki%E1%BB%81u), Vietnamese [epic](/source/Epic_(genre)) poem written in [Sino-Vietnamese script](/source/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m) illustrated with scenes from the story, once owned by the French orientalist [Paul Pelliot](/source/Paul_Pelliot),[54] (1894)
- [Kelmscott Chaucer](/source/Kelmscott_Chaucer), one of 13 [vellum](/source/Vellum) copies of the magnificently decorated book of The Works of [Geoffrey Chaucer](/source/Geoffrey_Chaucer), inspired by the [Arts and Crafts movement](/source/Arts_and_Crafts_movement) and printed by [William Morris](/source/William_Morris)'s Kelmscott Press, with 87 illustrations by [Edward Burne-Jones](/source/Edward_Burne-Jones) (1896)
- [Balfour Declaration](/source/Balfour_Declaration), public statement issued by the [British government](/source/British_government) announcing support for the establishment of a "national home for the [Jewish people](/source/Jewish_people)" in [Palestine](/source/Palestine_(region)) (1917)
- Scarce edition of the [Pakistan Declaration](/source/Pakistan_Declaration) pamphlet that kick-started the [movement](/source/Pakistan_Movement) for an independent Muslim homeland in the [Indian subcontinent](/source/Indian_subcontinent) and coined the term 'Pakistan' (1933)
- Rare handbill copy of the [Proclamation of Indonesian Independence](/source/Proclamation_of_Indonesian_Independence) (1945)
- The original hand-written lyrics of [Beatles](/source/Beatles) songs including "[The Fool on the Hill](/source/The_Fool_on_the_Hill)", "[A Hard Day's Night](/source/A_Hard_Day's_Night_(song))", "[Help!](/source/Help!_(song))", "[In My Life](/source/In_My_Life)", "[I Want To Hold Your Hand](/source/I_Want_To_Hold_Your_Hand)", "[Michelle](/source/Michelle_(song))", "[She Said She Said](/source/She_Said_She_Said)", "[Strawberry Fields Forever](/source/Strawberry_Fields_Forever)", "[Ticket to Ride](/source/Ticket_to_Ride_(song))", and "[Yesterday](/source/Yesterday_(song))" from the [Hunter Davies](/source/Hunter_Davies) collection (1960s)

## Maps, music, manuscripts and literature

- Important maps such as the Anglo-Saxon Map and [Psalter world map](/source/Psalter_world_map), two early medieval [Mappa mundi](/source/Mappa_mundi) from England, one of the earliest maps of Great Britain by the [Benedictine](/source/Benedictine) monk [Matthew Paris](/source/Matthew_Paris), World Map by [Ranulf Higden](/source/Ranulf_Higden), a Venetian hand-written re-creation of Claudius Ptolemy's [Geographia](/source/British_Library,_Harley_MS_3686), the [Pinelli–Walckenaer](/source/Pinelli%E2%80%93Walckenaer_Atlas) and [Cornaro](/source/Cornaro_Atlas) Atlases of [Portolan charts](/source/Portolan_chart) from Venice, World Map by [Henricus Martellus Germanus](/source/Henricus_Martellus_Germanus), the first map showing the [Dragon's Tail](/source/Dragon's_Tail_(peninsula)) meaning the Indian Ocean was not landlocked, the [first printed map](/source/Contarini%E2%80%93Rosselli_map) showing the new world, several hand-produced [Dieppe maps](/source/Dieppe_maps) produced for wealthy Renaissance patrons including one by [Pierre Desceliers](/source/Pierre_Desceliers), the [Queen Mary](/source/Queen_Mary_I_of_England) Atlas made by Portuguese map-maker [Diogo Homem](/source/Diogo_Homem), one of only two copies of a [Map of America](/source/Americae_Sive_Quartae_Orbis_Partis_Nova_Et_Exactissima_Descriptio) by [Diego Gutiérrez](/source/Diego_Guti%C3%A9rrez_(cartographer)), part of a [Mercator 1569 world map](/source/Mercator_1569_world_map) by [Gerardus Mercator](/source/Gerardus_Mercator), a decorative Atlas drawn by the Portuguese cartographer [Fernão Vaz Dourado](/source/Fern%C3%A3o_Vaz_Dourado), the Atlas of England and Wales made by [Christopher Saxton](/source/Christopher_Saxton) for [Lord Burghley](/source/Lord_Burghley),[55] the earliest extant Chinese [Globe](/source/Globe) made by [Nicolò Longobardo](/source/Nicol%C3%B2_Longobardo) and [Manuel Dias](/source/Manuel_Dias_the_Younger), the [Klencke Atlas](/source/Klencke_Atlas), the largest atlas in the world, a rare copy of the [Velarde map](/source/Velarde_map) of the Philippines and a copy of the [Mitchell Map](/source/Mitchell_Map) of North America (11th–18th centuries)
- Original manuscripts of musical scores including [Bach](/source/Bach)'s *[The Well-Tempered Clavier](/source/The_Well-Tempered_Clavier)* and *[Wo soll ich fliehen hin](/source/Wo_soll_ich_fliehen_hin,_BWV_5)*, [Balfe](/source/Michael_William_Balfe)'s *[The Bohemian Girl](/source/The_Bohemian_Girl)*, [Bartók](/source/Bart%C3%B3k)'s [Four Pieces for Orchestra](/source/List_of_compositions_by_B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k), the [sketchbook](/source/Sketch_(music)) of [Beethoven](/source/Beethoven)'s [6th Symphony](/source/Symphony_No._6_(Beethoven)), his [Violin Sonata No. 8](/source/Violin_Sonata_No._8_(Beethoven)), *Lied aus der Ferne*, [String Quartet No. 14](/source/String_Quartet_No._14_(Beethoven)) and a [fair copy](/source/Fair_copy_(music)) of the [9th Symphony](/source/Symphony_No._9_(Beethoven)), [Borodin](/source/Borodin)'s *[Petite Suite](/source/Petite_Suite_(Borodin))*, [Brahms](/source/Brahms)'s [Rhapsodie in E (Op. 119, No. 4) for piano](/source/Four_Pieces_for_Piano,_Op._119_(Brahms)) and *[Zigeunerlieder](/source/Zigeunerlieder_(Brahms))*, [Britten](/source/Britten)'s *[A Midsummer Night's Dream](/source/A_Midsummer_Night's_Dream_(opera))*, *[The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra](/source/The_Young_Person's_Guide_to_the_Orchestra)* and *[War Requiem](/source/War_Requiem)*, [Chopin](/source/Chopin)'s *[Barcarolle in F-sharp major for piano, Op. 60](/source/Barcarolle_(Chopin))* and [Polonaises, Op. 40](/source/Polonaises_Op._40_(Chopin)), [Debussy](/source/Debussy)'s "[Brouillards](/source/Brouillards)", *[La chute de la maison Usher](/source/La_chute_de_la_maison_Usher_(opera))* and *[Fantaisie for piano and orchestra](/source/Fantaisie_for_piano_and_orchestra_(Debussy))*, [Delius](/source/Delius)'s *[Brigg Fair](/source/Brigg_Fair)*, *[On Hearing the First Cuckoo in Spring](/source/On_Hearing_the_First_Cuckoo_in_Spring)* and [Piano Concerto in C minor](/source/Piano_Concerto_(Delius)), [Dvořák](/source/Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)'s [Cello Concerto in A major](/source/Cello_Concerto_in_A_major_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)), [Elgar](/source/Elgar)'s *[Enigma Variations](/source/Enigma_Variations)*, *[Pomp and Circumstance Marches](/source/Pomp_and_Circumstance_Marches)* and [Violin Concerto in B minor](/source/Violin_Concerto_(Elgar)), [Gilbert and Sullivan](/source/Gilbert_and_Sullivan)'s *[The Gondoliers](/source/The_Gondoliers)*, *[Patience](/source/Patience_(opera))* and *[Ruddigore](/source/Ruddigore)*, [Grieg](/source/Grieg)'s *[Peer Gynt Suite No. 2](/source/Peer_Gynt_Suite_No._2)*, [George Frideric Handel](/source/George_Frideric_Handel)'s *[Messiah](/source/Messiah_(Handel))*, *[Music for the Royal Fireworks](/source/Music_for_the_Royal_Fireworks)*, *[Ode for the Birthday of Queen Anne](/source/Ode_for_the_Birthday_of_Queen_Anne)* and *[Zadok the Priest](/source/Zadok_the_Priest)*, [Haydn](/source/Haydn)'s Symphonies [No. 40](/source/Symphony_No._40_(Haydn)), [No. 95](/source/Symphony_No._95_(Haydn)), [No. 96](/source/Symphony_No._96_(Haydn)), [No. 97](/source/Symphony_No._97_(Haydn)) and [No. 103](/source/Symphony_No._103_(Haydn)), [Holst](/source/Holst)'s *[The Planets](/source/The_Planets)*, [Liszt](/source/Liszt)'s *[Christus](/source/Christus_(Liszt))*, A folio of [Mahler](/source/Mahler)'s [Symphony No. 9](/source/Symphony_No._9_(Mahler)) and "Urlicht" from *[Des Knaben Wunderhorn](/source/Des_Knaben_Wunderhorn_(Mahler))*, [Mendelssohn](/source/Mendelssohn)'s [Symphony No. 1](/source/Symphony_No._1_(Mendelssohn)), *[A Midsummer Night's Dream](/source/A_Midsummer_Night's_Dream_(Mendelssohn))* and [String Quartet in E-flat](/source/String_Quartet_in_E-flat_major_(1823)_(Mendelssohn)), [Mozart](/source/Mozart)'s [Adagio and Fugue in C minor](/source/Adagio_and_Fugue_in_C_minor_(Mozart)), [Adagio and Rondo](/source/Adagio_and_Rondo_for_glass_harmonica,_flute,_oboe,_viola_and_cello), *[God is our Refuge](/source/God_is_our_Refuge)*, [Horn Concerto No. 3](/source/Horn_Concerto_No._3), [String Quintet No. 6](/source/String_Quintet_No._6_(Mozart)), his last ten string quartets including [No. 19](/source/String_Quartet_No._19_(Mozart)), Violin Sonata No. 25 in F major and the thematic catalogue of all his works from 1784 to 1791,[56] [Offenbach](/source/Jacques_Offenbach)'s *[Fantasio](/source/Fantasio_(opera))*, [Puccini](/source/Puccini)'s sketches for Act II of [Madame Butterfly](/source/Madame_Butterfly), [Purcell](/source/Purcell)'s *My Heart is Inditing*, [Rachmaninoff](/source/Rachmaninoff)'s [Piano Concerto No. 3](/source/Piano_Concerto_No._3_(Rachmaninoff)), [Ravel](/source/Ravel)'s *[Boléro](/source/Bol%C3%A9ro)*, [Rossini](/source/Rossini)'s *[Il pianto delle muse in morte di Lord Byron](/source/List_of_compositions_by_Gioachino_Rossini)* and part of *[Ivanhoé](/source/Ivanho%C3%A9)*, [Scarlatti](/source/Alessandro_Scarlatti)'s *[Griselda](/source/Griselda_(A._Scarlatti))*, [Schubert](/source/Schubert)'s "[An die Musik](/source/An_die_Musik)", [Mass No. 3](/source/Mass_No._3_(Schubert)) and [Piano Sonata in G major](/source/Piano_Sonata_in_G_major,_D_894_(Schubert)), [Schumann](/source/Schumann)'s [Piano Sonata No. 3](/source/Piano_Sonata_No._3_(Schumann)), [Richard Strauss](/source/Richard_Strauss)'s *[Die schweigsame Frau](/source/Die_schweigsame_Frau)*, [Stravinsky](/source/Stravinsky)'s *[Capriccio for Piano and Orchestra](/source/Capriccio_for_Piano_and_Orchestra)*, part of *[The Firebird](/source/The_Firebird)* and the sketchbook for *[Pulcinella](/source/Pulcinella_(ballet))*, [Vaughan Williams](/source/Vaughan_Williams)'s [1st Symphony](/source/A_Sea_Symphony), *[The Lark Ascending](/source/The_Lark_Ascending_(Vaughan_Williams))* and his *[Pastoral Symphony](/source/Pastoral_Symphony_(Vaughan_Williams))*, [Verdi](/source/Verdi)'s *[Atilla](/source/Attila_(opera))* and part of *[La traviata](/source/La_traviata)*, [Wagner](/source/Wagner)'s *[Die Feen](/source/Die_Feen)*, *[Der fliegende Holländer](/source/Der_fliegende_Holl%C3%A4nder)*, *[Polonia](/source/Polonia_(Wagner))*, and *[Overture in D, Rule Britannia](/source/List_of_compositions_by_Richard_Wagner)*, [Wallace](/source/William_Vincent_Wallace)'s *Love's Triumph*, [fair copy](/source/Fair_copy_(music)) with the composer's handwritten corrections of [Weber](/source/Carl_Maria_von_Weber)'s opera *[Oberon](/source/Oberon_(Weber))*, [Webern](/source/Webern)'s *[Sechs Stücke für grosses Orchester](/source/List_of_compositions_by_Anton_Webern)*, and many more (18th–20th century works)
- Autograph letters, diaries, notes and other manuscript material from famous people such as [Hans Christian Andersen](/source/Hans_Christian_Andersen), [W H Auden](/source/W_H_Auden), [Charles Baudelaire](/source/Charles_Baudelaire), [Samuel Beckett](/source/Samuel_Beckett), [Hector Berlioz](/source/Hector_Berlioz), [Bertolt Brecht](/source/Bertolt_Brecht), [Isambard Kingdom Brunel](/source/Isambard_Kingdom_Brunel), [Catherine the Great](/source/Catherine_the_Great), [Charles I of England](/source/Charles_I_of_England), [Winston Churchill](/source/Winston_Churchill), Captain [James Cook](/source/James_Cook), [Oliver Cromwell](/source/Oliver_Cromwell), [Charles Darwin](/source/Charles_Darwin), [Daniel Defoe](/source/Daniel_Defoe), [René Descartes](/source/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes), [John Dryden](/source/John_Dryden), [Albrecht Dürer](/source/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer), [Dwight D. Eisenhower](/source/Dwight_D._Eisenhower), [Elizabeth I of England](/source/Elizabeth_I_of_England), [E. M. Forster](/source/E._M._Forster), [Michael Faraday](/source/Michael_Faraday), [Benjamin Franklin](/source/Benjamin_Franklin), [Sigmund Freud](/source/Sigmund_Freud), [Galileo](/source/Galileo), [Mahatma Gandhi](/source/Mahatma_Gandhi), [Giuseppe Garibaldi](/source/Giuseppe_Garibaldi), [Edward Gibbon](/source/Edward_Gibbon), [Johann Wolfgang von Goethe](/source/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe), [Adolf Hitler](/source/Adolf_Hitler), [William Hogarth](/source/William_Hogarth), [Victor Hugo](/source/Victor_Hugo), [Henrik Ibsen](/source/Henrik_Ibsen), [Henry James](/source/Henry_James), [John Maynard Keynes](/source/John_Maynard_Keynes), [Lord Kitchener](/source/Herbert_Kitchener,_1st_Earl_Kitchener), [Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette](/source/Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette), [D. H. Lawrence](/source/D._H._Lawrence), [Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz](/source/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz), [Vladimir Lenin](/source/Vladimir_Lenin), [Abraham Lincoln](/source/Abraham_Lincoln), [Carl Linnaeus](/source/Carl_Linnaeus), [David Livingstone](/source/David_Livingstone), [Louis XVI](/source/Louis_XVI), [John Locke](/source/John_Locke), [Martin Luther](/source/Martin_Luther), [Marie Antoinette](/source/Marie_Antoinette), [Karl Marx](/source/Karl_Marx), [Michelangelo](/source/Michelangelo), [John Milton](/source/John_Milton), Sir [Thomas More](/source/Thomas_More), [Benito Mussolini](/source/Benito_Mussolini), [Horatio Nelson](/source/Horatio_Nelson), [George Orwell](/source/George_Orwell), [Friedrich Nietzsche](/source/Friedrich_Nietzsche), Sir [Isaac Newton](/source/Isaac_Newton), [Napoleon](/source/Napoleon), [Florence Nightingale](/source/Florence_Nightingale), [Laurence Olivier](/source/Laurence_Olivier), [Louis Pasteur](/source/Louis_Pasteur), [Alexander Pope](/source/Alexander_Pope), [Ezra Pound](/source/Ezra_Pound), [Rasputin](/source/Rasputin), [Rembrandt](/source/Rembrandt), [Robert the Bruce](/source/Robert_the_Bruce), [Maximilien de Robespierre](/source/Maximilien_de_Robespierre), [Franklin D. Roosevelt](/source/Franklin_D._Roosevelt), [Jean-Jacques Rousseau](/source/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau), Captain [Robert Scott](/source/Robert_Falcon_Scott), [Mary Shelley](/source/Mary_Shelley), [Adam Smith](/source/Adam_Smith), [George Stephenson](/source/George_Stephenson), [Jonathan Swift](/source/Jonathan_Swift), [Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky](/source/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky), [Dylan Thomas](/source/Dylan_Thomas), [J. R. R. Tolkien](/source/J._R._R._Tolkien), [Alan Turing](/source/Alan_Turing), [Jules Verne](/source/Jules_Verne), [Voltaire](/source/Voltaire), [George Washington](/source/George_Washington), [John Wesley](/source/John_Wesley), [Walt Whitman](/source/Walt_Whitman), Sir [Christopher Wren](/source/Christopher_Wren), and many others (14th–20th centuries)
- Autograph manuscripts of famous novels and poetry from literature including *[History of England](/source/The_History_of_England_(Jane_Austen))* and *[Persuasion](/source/Persuasion_(novel))* by [Jane Austen](/source/Jane_Austen), *[The Drowned World](/source/The_Drowned_World)*, *[Empire of the Sun](/source/Empire_of_the_Sun_(novel))* and *[High Rise](/source/High-Rise_(novel))* by [J. G. Ballard](/source/J._G._Ballard), the [Notebook of William Blake](/source/Notebook_of_William_Blake) (also known as the Rossetti Manuscript) with many of his most famous poems, *[Jane Eyre](/source/Jane_Eyre)*, *[Shirley](/source/Shirley_(novel))* and *[Villette](/source/Villette_(novel))* by [Charlotte Brontë](/source/Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB), *[Gondal poetry](/source/Gondal_(fictional_country))* by [Emily Brontë](/source/Emily_Bront%C3%AB), *Pan is Dead*, *The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim's Point* and *[Sonnets from the Portuguese](/source/Sonnets_from_the_Portuguese)* by [Elizabeth Barrett Browning](/source/Elizabeth_Barrett_Browning), *[The Ring and the Book](/source/The_Ring_and_the_Book)* by [Robert Browning](/source/Robert_Browning), *[The Cotter's Saturday Night](/source/The_Cotter's_Saturday_Night)* and *[A Red, Red Rose](/source/A_Red,_Red_Rose)* by [Robert Burns](/source/Robert_Burns), *[Childe Harold's Pilgrimage](/source/Childe_Harold's_Pilgrimage)* and *[Don Juan](/source/Don_Juan_(poem))* by [Lord Byron](/source/Lord_Byron), *[Past and Present](/source/Past_and_Present_(book))* by [Thomas Carlyle](/source/Thomas_Carlyle), *[Kubla Khan](/source/Crewe_manuscript)* and *[The Rime of the Ancient Mariner](/source/The_Rime_of_the_Ancient_Mariner)* by [Samuel Coleridge](/source/Samuel_Coleridge), part of *[The Dead Secret](/source/The_Dead_Secret)* and *The New Magdelen* (play) by [Wilkie Collins](/source/Wilkie_Collins), *[The Adventure of the Missing Three-Quarter](/source/The_Adventure_of_the_Missing_Three-Quarter)*, *[The Adventure of the Retired Colourman](/source/The_Adventure_of_the_Retired_Colourman)*, *[The Narrative of John Smith](/source/The_Narrative_of_John_Smith)* and the *[Brigadier Gerard](/source/Brigadier_Gerard)* stories by Sir [Arthur Conan Doyle](/source/Arthur_Conan_Doyle), *[The Rescue](/source/The_Rescue_(Conrad_novel))*, *Suspense* and part of *[Romance](/source/Romance_(novel))* by [Joseph Conrad](/source/Joseph_Conrad), *[A Murky Business](/source/Une_t%C3%A9n%C3%A9breuse_affaire)* by [Honoré de Balzac](/source/Honor%C3%A9_de_Balzac), *[Nicholas Nickleby](/source/Nicholas_Nickleby)* and *[The Pickwick Papers](/source/The_Pickwick_Papers)* by [Charles Dickens](/source/Charles_Dickens), part of *[Humiliated and Insulted](/source/Humiliated_and_Insulted)* by [Fyodor Dostoevsky](/source/Fyodor_Dostoevsky), *[The Forty-Five Guardsmen](/source/The_Forty-Five_Guardsmen)* by [Alexandre Dumas](/source/Alexandre_Dumas), *[Adam Bede](/source/Adam_Bede)*, *[Middlemarch](/source/Middlemarch)*, *[The Mill on the Floss](/source/The_Mill_on_the_Floss)* and *[Silas Marner](/source/Silas_Marner)* by [George Eliot](/source/George_Eliot), *[Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats](/source/Old_Possum's_Book_of_Practical_Cats)* by [T. S. Eliot](/source/T._S._Eliot), *[The Living Daylights](/source/Octopussy_and_The_Living_Daylights)* and *The Fabulous Pay-Off* by [Ian Fleming](/source/Ian_Fleming), *[The Forsyte Saga](/source/The_Forsyte_Saga)* by [John Galsworthy](/source/John_Galsworthy), part of *[The Counterfeiters](/source/The_Counterfeiters_(novel))* by [André Gide](/source/Andr%C3%A9_Gide), part of *[The Wind in the Willows](/source/The_Wind_in_the_Willows)* by [Kenneth Grahame](/source/Kenneth_Grahame), *[The Captain and the Enemy](/source/The_Captain_and_the_Enemy)* by [Graham Greene](/source/Graham_Greene), *[Tess of the d'Urbervilles](/source/Tess_of_the_d'Urbervilles)* by [Thomas Hardy](/source/Thomas_Hardy), *[The Marble Faun](/source/The_Marble_Faun)* by [Nathaniel Hawthorne](/source/Nathaniel_Hawthorne), *[The Masque of Queens](/source/The_Masque_of_Queens)* by [Ben Jonson](/source/Ben_Jonson), *[Finnegans Wake](/source/Finnegans_Wake)* and part of *[A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man](/source/A_Portrait_of_the_Artist_as_a_Young_Man)* and *[Ulysses](/source/Ulysses_(novel))* by [James Joyce](/source/James_Joyce), *[Ode to a Nightingale](/source/Ode_to_a_Nightingale)* and *[Isabella, or the Pot of Basil](/source/Isabella,_or_the_Pot_of_Basil)* by [John Keats](/source/John_Keats), *[Just So Stories](/source/Just_So_Stories)*, *[Kim](/source/Kim_(novel))* and *[The Jungle Book](/source/The_Jungle_Book)* by [Rudyard Kipling](/source/Rudyard_Kipling), *History of the Seven Families of the Lake Pipplepopple* by [Edward Lear](/source/Edward_Lear), *[Dulce et Decorum est](/source/Dulce_et_Decorum_est)* by [Wilfred Owen](/source/Wilfred_Owen), *[The Birthday Party](/source/The_Birthday_Party_(play))* and *[No Man's Land](/source/No_Man's_Land_(play))* by [Harold Pinter](/source/Harold_Pinter), *[The Deep Blue Sea](/source/The_Deep_Blue_Sea_(play))* by Sir [Terence Rattigan](/source/Terence_Rattigan), *[Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man](/source/Memoirs_of_a_Fox-Hunting_Man)* by [Siegfried Sassoon](/source/Siegfried_Sassoon), *[Kenilworth](/source/Kenilworth_(novel))* by Sir [Walter Scott](/source/Walter_Scott), *[Heartbreak House](/source/Heartbreak_House)* and *[Pygmalion](/source/Pygmalion_(play))* by [George Bernard Shaw](/source/George_Bernard_Shaw), *[Hymn to Intellectual Beauty](/source/Hymn_to_Intellectual_Beauty)*, *[The Masque of Anarchy](/source/The_Masque_of_Anarchy)*, *[Mont Blanc](/source/Mont_Blanc_(poem))* and *[Queen Mab](/source/Queen_Mab_(poem))* by [Percy Bysshe Shelley](/source/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley), *[A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy](/source/A_Sentimental_Journey_Through_France_and_Italy)* and *[Tristram Shandy](/source/Tristram_Shandy)* by [Laurence Sterne](/source/Laurence_Sterne), *[Dracula](/source/Dracula)* (theatrical version) by [Bram Stoker](/source/Bram_Stoker), *La Fille du Policeman* by [Algernon Charles Swinburne](/source/Algernon_Charles_Swinburne), *[The Charge of the Light Brigade](/source/The_Charge_of_the_Light_Brigade_(poem))* by [Alfred, Lord Tennyson](/source/Alfred,_Lord_Tennyson), *The Wolves and the Lamb* by [William Makepeace Thackeray](/source/William_Makepeace_Thackeray), part of *[The Kreutzer Sonata](/source/The_Kreutzer_Sonata)* by [Leo Tolstoy](/source/Leo_Tolstoy), *[The Ballad of Reading Gaol](/source/The_Ballad_of_Reading_Gaol)*, *[The Importance of Being Earnest](/source/The_Importance_of_Being_Earnest)*, *[An Ideal Husband](/source/An_Ideal_Husband)* and *[De Profundis](/source/De_Profundis_(letter))* by [Oscar Wilde](/source/Oscar_Wilde), *[Mrs Dalloway](/source/Mrs_Dalloway)* by [Virginia Woolf](/source/Virginia_Woolf), *[I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud](/source/I_Wandered_Lonely_as_a_Cloud)*, *[My Heart Leaps Up](/source/My_Heart_Leaps_Up)* and *[Upon Westminster Bridge](/source/Upon_Westminster_Bridge)* by [William Wordsworth](/source/William_Wordsworth), and many others (17th–20th centuries)
- Manuscript of *[Alice's Adventures Under Ground](/source/Alice's_Adventures_in_Wonderland)* by [Lewis Carroll](/source/Lewis_Carroll) (given to the British Library by a consortium of American bibliophiles "in recognition of Britain's courage in facing [Hitler](/source/Hitler) before America came into the war") (1865)[57][58][59][60]

## References

1. ["British Library collection"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/charred-scroll-fragments-from-herculaneum). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230821044259/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/charred-scroll-fragments-from-herculaneum) 21 August 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 25 October 2023.

1. ["British Library collection"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/sophocles-ichneutae). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231026130641/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/sophocles-ichneutae) 26 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 26 October 2023.

1. ["Old Javanese copper charters in the British Library – Asian and African studies blog"](https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2016/12/old-javanese-copper-charters-in-the-british-library.html). *blogs.bl.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210105142652/https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2016/12/old-javanese-copper-charters-in-the-british-library.html) 5 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 15 December 2020.

1. ["Gospel of John papyrus"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-gospel-of-john-papyrus). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201031054414/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-gospel-of-john-papyrus) 31 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Letters of Cyprian"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/letters-of-cyprian). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210620214346/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/letters-of-cyprian) 20 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["British Library receives gift of the Pāḷi Tipiṭaka – Asian and African studies blog"](https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2019/11/british-library-receives-gift-of-the-pali-tipitaka.html). *blogs.bl.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210121021105/https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2019/11/british-library-receives-gift-of-the-pali-tipitaka.html) 21 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 January 2021.

1. ["A Gilgit manuscript at the British Library"](http://idpuk.blogspot.com/2016/05/a-gilgit-manuscript-at-british-library.html). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210129162930/http://idpuk.blogspot.com/2016/05/a-gilgit-manuscript-at-british-library.html) 29 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 16 January 2021.

1. ["Add MS 5412 : Deed of sale ('The Ravenna Papyrus')"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_5412). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210209142349/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_5412) 9 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["British Library catalogue"](https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=18460&CollID=28&NStart=1934). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220208115421/https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=18460&CollID=28&NStart=1934) 8 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 8 February 2022.

1. ["The British Library's oldest Qur'an manuscript now online – Asian and African studies blog"](https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2016/04/the-british-librarys-oldest-quran-manuscript-now-online.html). *blogs.bl.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201120133230/https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2016/04/the-british-librarys-oldest-quran-manuscript-now-online.html) 20 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 20 December 2020.

1. ["Add Ms 37768: Psalter in the Gallican version with canticles"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_37768). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220411232526/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_37768) 11 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["BL, Facts & figures"](https://web.archive.org/web/20100724162623/http://www.bl.uk/aboutus/quickinfo/facts/index.html). *British Library*. Archived from [the original](http://www.bl.uk/aboutus/quickinfo/facts/index.html) on 24 July 2010. Retrieved 12 April 2010.

1. ["Pauline Epistles, Epistle to the Laodiceans, Catholic Epistles, Acts"](https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=6411). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210617014631/https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=6411) 17 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. Orosius. ["Historum adversum paganos"](http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=8372). *Brisith Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210927083044/https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=8372) 27 September 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. ["Passional, including saints of Cordoba, Spain"](https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=7622&CollID=27&NStart=25600&_ga=2.248923207.1382369598.1613992646-1310042392.1610888586). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210617012323/https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=7622&CollID=27&NStart=25600&_ga=2.248923207.1382369598.1613992646-1310042392.1610888586) 17 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. ["Add MS 37517: Psalter (The'Bosworth Psalter') with gloss in Latin"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_37517). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200114141052/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_37517) 14 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Beowulf: sole surviving manuscript"](http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/englit/beowulf/). British Library. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20100918053838/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/englit/beowulf/) 18 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 22 October 2008.

1. ["Gospels"](http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=8097). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210617022439/https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=8097) 17 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. ["Harley Ms 2821: Gospel-book"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_2821). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190816223204/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_2821) 16 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Egerton MS 608: The Four Gospels"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Egerton_MS_608). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210104161441/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Egerton_MS_608) 4 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Harley MS 2970: Gospel lectionary"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_2970). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220411232521/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_2970) 11 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Lorsch Manuscripts in the British Library – Medieval manuscripts blog"](https://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/digitisedmanuscripts/2014/04/lorsch-manuscripts-in-the-british-library.html). *britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201112040604/https://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/digitisedmanuscripts/2014/04/lorsch-manuscripts-in-the-british-library.html) 12 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 19 February 2021.

1. ["Royal MS 1 C VII"](https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_1_c_vii). *Digitised Manuscripts*. British Library. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220128183611/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_1_C_VII) 28 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 8 December 2020.

1. ["11th-century illuminated Psalter"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/11th-century-aristocratic-psalter). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200808001324/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/11th-century-aristocratic-psalter) 8 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. [British Library](https://web.archive.org/web/20230308053432/https://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&ct=display&fn=search&doc=IAMS041-001102263&indx=17&recIds=IAMS041-001102263&recIdxs=6&elementId=6&renderMode=poppedOut&displayMode=full&frbrVersion=&dscnt=0&scp.scps=scope%3A(BL)&frbg=&tab=local&dstmp=1613056246956&srt=rank&mode=Basic&dum=true&vl(freeText0)=Egmond%20&vid=IAMS_VU2)

1. ["Book of Hours"](http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=6430). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210104014332/http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=6430) 4 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. ["Rutland Psalter"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-rutland-psalter). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210227093336/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-rutland-psalter) 27 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Add MS 50000: Psalter (the 'Oscott Psalter')"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_50000). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210502090206/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_50000) 2 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["The Hispano-Moresque Haggadah"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/hispano-moresque-haggadah-or-2737). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210317020508/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/hispano-moresque-haggadah-or-2737) 17 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Add MS 17341: Gospel Lectionary, Use of Paris"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_17341). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200116135753/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_17341) 16 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["British Library"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-ordinances-of-1311#:~:text=The%20final%20version%20of%20the,13).). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210918145114/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-ordinances-of-1311#:~:text=The%20final%20version%20of%20the,13).) 18 September 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 12 October 2023.

1. ["Samaritan Pentateuch"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/samaritan-pentateuch). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201201223754/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/samaritan-pentateuch) 1 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Barcelona Haggadah"](http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/sacredtexts/barcelona.html). British Library. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180715222354/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/sacredtexts/barcelona.html) 15 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 22 November 2020.

1. ["The Sister Haggadah"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/sister-haggadah-or-2884). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210417152939/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/sister-haggadah-or-2884) 17 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["The Brother Haggadah"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/brother-haggadah-or-1404). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210126053928/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/brother-haggadah-or-1404) 26 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["The London Qazwini Goes Live – Asian and African studies blog"](https://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/asian-and-african/2014/12/the-london-qazwini-goes-live.html). *britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200927155803/https://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/asian-and-african/2014/12/the-london-qazwini-goes-live.html) 27 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 20 December 2020.

1. [British Library](http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS032-002085314&fn=permalink&vid=IAMS_VU2)[dead link]

1. ["Le Morte Darthur"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/thomas-malorys-le-morte-darthur). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201226004414/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/thomas-malorys-le-morte-darthur) 26 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Begin. \[fol. 1 recto: A\]D te leuaui animam meam, etc. End. \[fol. 160 recto:\] Dona nobis pacem. Finit feliciter. G.L. – British Library"](http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?vid=BLVU1&search_scope=LSCOP-ALL&docId=BLL01002189147&fn=permalink). *explore.bl.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210130161506/http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?vid=BLVU1&search_scope=LSCOP-ALL&docId=BLL01002189147&fn=permalink) 30 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 25 January 2021.

1. ["Anne Boleyn's Bokk of Hours"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/anne-boleyn-book-of-hours). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201026081811/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/anne-boleyn-book-of-hours) 26 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Add MS 20927: Book of Hours (The 'Stuart de Rothesay Hours')"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_20927). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151221113804/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_20927) 21 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["Tyndale's New Testament, 1526"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/william-tyndales-new-testament#:~:text=William%20Tyndale%20paid%20for%20his,translation%20of%20the%20Old%20Testament.). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220331131727/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/william-tyndales-new-testament#:~:text=William%20Tyndale%20paid%20for%20his,translation%20of%20the%20Old%20Testament.) 31 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. ["Taverner Prayer Book"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/taverner-prayer-book). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200810054843/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/taverner-prayer-book) 10 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. Croke, John. ["Psalms in English verse"](https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=7213). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201127155443/https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=7213) 27 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. ["Lady Jane Grey's prayer book"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/lady-jane-greys-prayer-book). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210307025952/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/lady-jane-greys-prayer-book) 7 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. ["The Triumphs of Charles V"](http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=7530). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210817012433/http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=7530) 17 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. ["Dārābnāmah by Abū Ṭāhir Ṭarsūsī, Muḥammad ibn Ḥasanداراب نامه"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Or_4615). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160318235110/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Or_4615) 18 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

1. [British Library](https://web.archive.org/web/20230308130522/https://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&ct=display&fn=search&doc=IAMS040-001945967&indx=19&recIds=IAMS040-001945967&recIdxs=8&elementId=8&renderMode=poppedOut&displayMode=full&frbrVersion=&dscnt=0&scp.scps=scope%3A(BL)&frbg=&tab=local&dstmp=1616178206615&srt=rank&mode=Basic&dum=true&vl(freeText0)=Don%20Quixote&vid=IAMS_VU2)

1. ["The Anvar-i Suhayli ('Lights of Canopus')"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/anvar-i-suhayli). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210208223100/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/anvar-i-suhayli) 8 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["British Library Blog"](https://blogs.bl.uk/digitisedmanuscripts/2019/05/ink-in-the-clink.html). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231116102218/https://blogs.bl.uk/digitisedmanuscripts/2019/05/ink-in-the-clink.html) 16 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 16 November 2023.

1. ["Turning the Pages™ – British Library"](http://www.bl.uk/turning-the-pages/?id=68b0d8eb-787f-4609-9028-8cd17ff05c96&type=book). *www.bl.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201110171715/http://www.bl.uk/turning-the-pages/?id=68b0d8eb-787f-4609-9028-8cd17ff05c96&type=book) 10 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 5 January 2021.

1. ["Javanese manuscript art: Serat Selarasa – Asian and African studies blog"](https://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/asian-and-african/2014/12/javanese-manuscript-art-serat-selarasa.html). *britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210213231937/https://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/asian-and-african/2014/12/javanese-manuscript-art-serat-selarasa.html) 13 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 5 February 2021.

1. ["The Crown of Kings: a deluxe Malay manuscript from Penang – Asian and African studies blog"](https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2013/09/the-crown-of-kings-a-deluxe-malay-manuscript-from-penang.html). *blogs.bl.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210213043700/https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2013/09/the-crown-of-kings-a-deluxe-malay-manuscript-from-penang.html) 13 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 5 February 2021.

1. ["Vietnamese manuscripts in the British Library – Asian and African studies blog"](https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2019/10/vietnamese-manuscripts-in-the-british-library.html). *blogs.bl.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201023024249/https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/2019/10/vietnamese-manuscripts-in-the-british-library.html) 23 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 January 2021.

1. ["Royal MS 18 D III: The Burghley Atlas"](http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_18_D_III). *British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220629063657/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_18_D_III) 29 June 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

1. ["British Library Blog"](https://blogs.bl.uk/music/2014/04/mozartmanuscriptsonline.html). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231116131446/https://blogs.bl.uk/music/2014/04/mozartmanuscriptsonline.html) 16 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 16 November 2023.

1. ["Alice's Adventures Under Ground', the original manuscript version of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland"](https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/alices-adventures-under-ground-the-original-manuscript-version-of-alices-adventures-in-wonderland). *The British Library*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20171229133908/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/alices-adventures-under-ground-the-original-manuscript-version-of-alices-adventures-in-wonderland) 29 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 10 February 2018.

1. "Purchased by Eldridge Reeves Johnson, inventor of the Victor Talking Machine, the manuscript was exhibited at the Library of Congress from October 1929 to February 1930. After Johnson's death in 1945, the manuscript was purchased at auction by a group of Americans led by Lessing Rosenwald, A. S. W. Rosenbach and Librarian of Congress Luther Evans. On 13 Nov. 1948, Evans presented the manuscript to the British Museum as a gift to Great Britain from a group of anonymous Americans in gratitude for Britain's heroic efforts in holding Hitler at bay until the United States entered World War II."

1. Allen, Erin (19 May 2016). ["Page from the Past: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland | Library of Congress Blog"](https://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2016/05/lcm-page-from-the-past-alices-adventures-in-the-library-of-congress/). *blogs.loc.gov*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180211012231/https://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2016/05/lcm-page-from-the-past-alices-adventures-in-the-library-of-congress/) 11 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 10 February 2018.

1. Wight, Colin. ["Lewis Carroll's 'Alice's Adventures Under Ground'"](http://www.bl.uk/alice). *www.bl.uk*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180203210409/http://www.bl.uk/alice) 3 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 10 February 2018.

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Collections of the British Library](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_the_British_Library) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collections_of_the_British_Library?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.