# Colby, Kansas

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**Colby** is a city in and the [county seat](/source/County_seat) of [Thomas County, Kansas](/source/Thomas_County,_Kansas), United States.[1] As of the [2020 census](/source/2020_United_States_census), the population of the city was 5,570.[2][3] It is located on the north side of [Interstate 70](/source/Interstate_70).

## History

In 1882, a post office was established near the center of Thomas County. Area homesteaders lived under harsh conditions in sod houses, creating demand for a town to provide lumber and other provisions to incoming settlers. J.R. Colby, a local land assessor and [preacher](/source/Preacher), obtained a patent to establish the town in April 1884, and land was acquired for the town site three miles north of the post office in March 1885. The following month, the [Kansas Secretary of State](/source/Secretary_of_State_of_Kansas) issued the Town Charter. [Kansas Gov. John Martin](/source/John_Martin_(Governor_of_Kansas)) named Colby the county seat in 1885, and the city was [incorporated](/source/Municipal_corporation) in 1886. The [Union Pacific Railroad](/source/Union_Pacific_Railroad) reached the city in 1887, and the [Rock Island Railroad](/source/Rock_Island_Railroad) followed the next year.[4]

In 1941 the St. Thomas Hospital was built as part of the Works Progress Administration plan to build hospitals. This was one of 130 new hospitals to be built with these funds, it was one of two built in Kansas alone. Within the last couple of years, it was renovated to apartments under the name St. Thomas Historic Residences. [5]

[Interstate 70](/source/Interstate_70_in_Kansas) reached Colby in 1965, stimulating the growth of a local [hospitality industry](/source/Hospitality_industry).[6]

## Geography

Colby lies on the south side of [Prairie Dog Creek](/source/Prairie_Dog_Creek), a tributary of the [Republican River](/source/Republican_River), in the [High Plains](/source/High_Plains_(United_States)) region of the [Great Plains](/source/Great_Plains).[7] A small tributary of the creek flows northeast through the town.[8] Located at the interchange of [Interstate 70](/source/Interstate_70) and [K-25](/source/K-25_(Kansas_highway)) in northwestern Kansas, Colby is 212 mi (341 km) east-southeast of [Denver](/source/Denver), 232 mi (373 km) northwest of [Wichita](/source/Wichita,_Kansas), and 347 mi (558 km) west of [Kansas City](/source/Kansas_City,_Missouri).[7][9]

According to the [United States Census Bureau](/source/United_States_Census_Bureau), the city has a total area of 3.38 square miles (8.75 km2), all land.[10]

### Climate

Colby has a transitional climate between a [humid continental climate](/source/Humid_continental_climate) (Köppen *Dfa*) and a [semiarid climate](/source/Semiarid_climate) (Köppen *BSk*) with hot summers and cold, dry winters. The hottest temperature recorded in Colby was 113 °F (45.0 °C) on July 25, 1940, and 28 June 2012, while the coldest temperature recorded was −32 °F (−35.6 °C) on December 22, 1989.[11]

## Demographics

### 2020 census

As of the [2020 census](/source/2020_United_States_census), Colby had a population of 5,570 in 2,199 households, including 1,331 families. The population density was 1,555.4 per square mile (600.6/km2). There were 2,496 housing units at an average density of 697.0 per square mile (269.1/km2).[12][13]

The median age was 34.6 years. 23.4% of residents were under the age of 18, 13.8% were from 18 to 24, 24.4% were from 25 to 44, 21.7% were from 45 to 64, and 16.7% were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 92.2 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 88.2 males age 18 and over.[12]

Of the 2,199 households, 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 45.5% were married-couple households, 20.0% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 27.8% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 32.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.2 and the average family size was 2.7.[12]

96.9% of residents lived in urban areas, while 3.1% lived in rural areas. There were 2,496 housing units, of which 11.9% were vacant; the homeowner vacancy rate was 2.0% and the rental vacancy rate was 16.1%.[14][12]

Racial composition as of the 2020 census[13] Race Number Percent White 4,942 88.7% Black or African American 98 1.8% American Indian and Alaska Native 44 0.8% Asian 34 0.6% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 0 0.0% Some other race 133 2.4% Two or more races 319 5.7% Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 452 8.1%

White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, made up 86.3% of the population.[12]

### Demographic estimates

The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 14.2% of the population.[15]

The 2016-2020 5-year [American Community Survey](/source/American_Community_Survey) estimates show that the median household income was $62,001 (with a margin of error of +/- $7,250) and the median family income was $74,980 (+/- $13,070).[16] Males had a median income of $45,696 (+/- $10,972) versus $28,368 (+/- $5,092) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $32,780 (+/- $3,641).[17] Approximately, 6.3% of families and 7.2% of the population were below the [poverty line](/source/Poverty_line), including 1.4% of those under the age of 18 and 10.3% of those ages 65 or over.[18][19]

### 2010 census

As of the [census](/source/Census)[20] of 2010, there were 5,387 people, 2,211 households, and 1,320 families residing in the city.[21] The [population density](/source/Population_density) was 1,593.8 inhabitants per square mile (615.4 /km2). There were 2,423 housing units at an average density of 716.9 inhabitants per square mile (276.8 /km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.7% [White](/source/White_(U.S._Census)), 0.7% [African American](/source/African_American_(U.S._Census)), 0.4% [Native American](/source/Native_American_(U.S._Census)), 0.6% [Asian](/source/Asian_(U.S._Census)), 0.1% [Pacific Islander](/source/Race_(U.S._Census)), 1.3% from [other races](/source/Race_(U.S._Census)), and 1.2% from [two or more races](/source/Multiracial_Americans). [Hispanic](/source/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)) or [Latino](/source/Latino_(U.S._Census)) of any race were 4.0% of the population.

There were 2,211 households, of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.0% were [married couples](/source/Marriage) living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.3% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.89.

The median age in the city was 34.5 years. 22.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 16.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.5% were from 25 to 44; 24.2% were from 45 to 64; and 15.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.

## Arts and culture

The [Prairie Museum of Art and History](/source/Prairie_Museum_of_Art_and_History) is a 24-acre (97,000-square metre) private, nonprofit museum governed by the Thomas County Historical Society.[22] The Cooper Barn located at the museum complex is known as the "Largest Barn in Kansas."[23]

Sites listed on the [National Register of Historic Places](/source/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Thomas_County,_Kansas#National_Register_of_Historic_Places) include [Thomas County Courthouse](/source/Thomas_County_Courthouse_(Kansas)) (1907), Colby Community High School, and [Colby City Hall](/source/Colby_City_Hall) (1920), an art-deco, sand-colored building that has served as a correctional facility, fire station, library and meeting hall.[24]

Pioneer Memorial Library is named in honor of the pioneers who built the community.[25]

## Parks and recreation

Villa High Lake is a city-made reservoir created in the 1960s by the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks. The park has playground equipment, picnic shelters, disc golf, and fishing.[26]

Fike Park features gazebos, a volleyball area, horseshoe pitching pits, and tennis courts.[citation needed]

Colby Aquatic Park opened in 2012.[27]

Colby Event Center opened in 2021 and features gyms, meeting rooms and an indoor playground. The Event Center hosts Colby High School and Colby Community College basketball and volleyball games.[28]

## Government

Colby has a [mayor-council](/source/Mayor-council) form of government. Elected [at-large](/source/Plurality-at-large_voting), the [mayor](/source/Mayor) presides over the [city council](/source/City_council) and has final approval over ordinances the council passes. The mayor shares responsibility for setting policy and approving the city budget with the council. With the council's consent, the mayor appoints all members of the city boards and, if necessary, serves as the tie-breaking vote on council business. The city council consists of eight members elected by [ward](/source/Wards_of_the_United_States) every four years. The [city manager](/source/City_manager) is hired by the council and is responsible for preparing the budget, administering day-to-day operations, and managing city government personnel.[29]

## Education

### Colleges and universities

- [Colby Community College](/source/Colby_Community_College)

### Primary and secondary education

The community is served by [Colby USD 315](/source/Colby_USD_315) public school district, and operates four [public](/source/Public_school_(government_funded)#United_States) schools in the city:[30]

- [Colby High School](/source/Colby_High_School_(Kansas)) (9-12).
- Colby Middle School (5-8).
- Colby Grade School ([Grades](/source/Education_in_the_United_States#School_grades) K-4).
- Thomas County Academy (5-9), [charter school](/source/Charter_school).

There are also two private schools in Colby:

- Sacred Heart Catholic School (Pre-K-5).[31]
- Heartland Christian School (K-12).[32]

## Media

Main article: [Media in Colby, Kansas](/source/Media_in_Colby,_Kansas)

The *[Colby Free Press](/source/Colby_Free_Press)* is Colby's local newspaper, published four days a week.[33] In addition, [Colby Community College](/source/Colby_Community_College) publishes a bi-weekly student newspaper, the *Trojan Express*.[34]

Colby is a center of broadcast media for northwestern Kansas. One AM and four FM stations are [licensed](/source/City_of_license) to and/or broadcast from the city.[35] Colby is in the [Wichita-Hutchinson television market](/source/Media_in_Wichita,_Kansas#Television),[36] and two television stations broadcast from the city: [KLBY](/source/KLBY), a satellite of the [ABC](/source/American_Broadcasting_Company) affiliate in Wichita,[37] and [KWKS](/source/KWKS), a satellite of [Smoky Hills Public Television](/source/Smoky_Hills_Public_Television) in [Bunker Hill, Kansas](/source/Bunker_Hill,_Kansas).[38]

## Infrastructure

### Transportation

[Interstate 70](/source/Interstate_70) runs east–west, immediately south of Colby. [U.S. Route 24](/source/U.S._Route_24_in_Kansas) runs east–west through the city, intersecting [K-25](/source/K-25_(Kansas_highway)) which runs north–south.

[Colby Municipal Airport](/source/Colby_Municipal_Airport) is located on K-25, approximately two miles (3 km) north of the city.

[Kyle Railroad](/source/Kyle_Railroad) operates rail via the former Rock Island Railroad, which runs east–west through Colby. A [Union Pacific Railroad](/source/Union_Pacific_Railroad) branch line ends in Colby, entering the city from the southeast.

## Notable people

See also: [List of Colby Community College notable people](/source/Colby_Community_College#Notable_alumni)

- [Mary Brooks](/source/Mary_Brooks) (1907-2002), [Director of the U.S. Mint](/source/Director_of_the_United_States_Mint)[39]
- [John Connelly](/source/John_R._Connelly) (1870-1940), [U.S. Representative](/source/United_States_House_of_Representatives) from Kansas[40]
- [Sheila Frahm](/source/Sheila_Frahm) (1945- ), [U.S. Senator](/source/United_States_Senate) from Kansas, [Lieutenant Governor of Kansas](/source/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Kansas)[41]
- [Mike Hayden](/source/Mike_Hayden) (1944- ), 41st [Governor of Kansas](/source/Governor_of_Kansas)[42]
- [Zelma Henderson](/source/Zelma_Henderson) (1920-2008), school desegregation activist[43]
- [Wayne Munn](/source/Wayne_Munn) (1896-1931), professional wrestler[44]
- [Samuel Ramey](/source/Samuel_Ramey) (1942- ), [opera](/source/Opera) singer[45]
- [Mark Schultz](/source/Mark_Schultz_(musician)) (1970- ), [Contemporary Christian](/source/Contemporary_Christian) singer/songwriter[46]
- [Ken Summers](/source/Ken_Summers_(politician)) (1953- ), [Colorado](/source/Colorado) state legislator[47]
- [John Thomas](/source/John_Thomas_(Idaho_politician)) (1874-1945), [U.S. Senator](/source/United_States_Senate) from [Idaho](/source/Idaho)[48]
- [Carol Voisin](/source/Carol_Voisin) (1947- ), [Oregon](/source/Oregon) politician[49]

## References

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1. ["QuickFacts; Colby, Kansas; Population, Census, 2020 & 2010"](https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/colbycitykansas/POP010220). United States Census Bureau. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210828101841/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/colbycitykansas/POP010220) August 28, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 28, 2021.

1. ["History"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140704004528/http://oasisontheplains.com/beourguest/history-a-overview). City of Colby, Kansas. Archived from [the original](http://oasisontheplains.com/beourguest/history-a-overview) on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 27 June 2014.

1. ["National and State Registers of Historic Places - Kansas Historical Society"](http://www.kshs.org/natreg/natreg_listings/search/prop:/city:colby/county:TH/arch:/category:/submit:SEARCH). Retrieved 28 December 2016.

1. ["Thomas County - History & Overview (County Info)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140704004528/http://oasisontheplains.com/beourguest/history-a-overview). Colby Chamber of Commerce. Archived from [the original](http://oasisontheplains.com/beourguest/history-a-overview) on 2014-07-04. Retrieved 2009-11-19.

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1. ["US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT"](https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Colby%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020). *data.census.gov*. Retrieved 2024-01-02.

1. ["US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)"](https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Colby%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020). *data.census.gov*. Retrieved 2024-01-02.

1. ["US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)"](https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Colby%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020). *data.census.gov*. Retrieved 2024-01-02.

1. ["US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS"](https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Colby%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020). *data.census.gov*. Retrieved 2024-01-02.

1. ["US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES"](https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Colby%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020). *data.census.gov*. Retrieved 2024-01-02.

1. ["U.S. Census website"](https://www.census.gov). [United States Census Bureau](/source/United_States_Census_Bureau). Retrieved 2012-07-06.

1. ["2010 City Population and Housing Occupancy Status"](http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 27, 2011.[dead link]

1. ["Attractions"](http://oasisontheplains.com/beourguest/attractions-a-recreation). *Colby Oasis on the Plains*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160404020130/http://oasisontheplains.com/beourguest/attractions-a-recreation) 4 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 6 September 2016.

1. Colby Convention and Visitor's Bureau ["Colby | Thomas County - Attractions & Recreation"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160404020130/http://oasisontheplains.com/beourguest/attractions-a-recreation). Archived from [the original](http://oasisontheplains.com/beourguest/attractions-a-recreation) on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2016-09-06.

1. "Letters of the Young Pioneers who took rest in the Artek Young Pioneer Camp.". [doi:10.1163/9789004192744-048](https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004192744-048)

1. ["Parks Department | Colby, KS - Official Website"](https://www.cityofcolby.com/7/Parks-Department). *www.cityofcolby.com*. Retrieved 2021-03-09.

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1. [https://www.cityofcolby.com/299/Colby-Event-Center](https://www.cityofcolby.com/299/Colby-Event-Center) Colby Event Center; City of Colby.

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1. ["Colby Public Schools"](http://www.colbyeagles.org/). Colby Public Schools. Retrieved 2009-12-12.

1. ["Sacred Heart Catholic School"](http://sacredheartcolby.com/school). Sacred Heart Catholic Church. Retrieved 2015-07-10.

1. ["Heartland Christian School History"](http://www.hcscolby.org/). Heartland Christian School. Retrieved 2015-07-10.

1. ["Record Details - Colby Free Press"](http://kspress.com/viewRecord.php?recid=1848). Kansas Press Association. Retrieved 2013-08-09.

1. ["Record Details - Trojan Express"](http://kspress.com/viewRecord.php?recid=2716). Kansas Press Association. Retrieved 2013-08-09.

1. ["Radio Stations in Colby, Kansas"](http://www.radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/locate?select=city&city=Colby%2C+KS&x=0&y=0&sid=). Radio-Locator. Retrieved 2013-08-09.

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1. ["History"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120320101145/http://www.shptv.org/index.php/component/content/article/28-history/32-history). [Smoky Hills Public Television](/source/Smoky_Hills_Public_Television). Archived from [the original](http://www.shptv.org/index.php/component/content/article/28-history/32-history) on 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2011-05-27.

1. ["Former U.S. Mint Director Mary Brooks Dies"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110614153920/http://www.money.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&TEMPLATE=%2FCM%2FContentDisplay.cfm&CONTENTID=1522). [American Numismatic Association](/source/American_Numismatic_Association). 2002-02-16. Archived from [the original](http://www.money.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=1522&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm) on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2011-06-29.

1. ["Connelly, John Robert, (1870 - 1940)"](http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000689). *[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress](/source/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress)*. Retrieved 2011-06-29.

1. ["Frahm, Sheila, (1945 - )"](http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=F000438). *[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress](/source/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress)*. Retrieved 2011-06-29.

1. Beatty, Bob (2009). *Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Plains*. Topeka, KS. p. 47.

1. Fox, Margalit (2008-05-22). ["Zelma Henderson, Who Aided Desegregation, Dies at 88"](https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/22/us/22henderson.html?bl&ex=1211601600&en=d0a1ed67ee5b8c74&ei=5087%0A). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. Retrieved 2011-06-29.

1. ["Wrestler Profiles - Wayne Munn"](http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/w/wayne-munn.html). Online World of Wrestling. Retrieved 2011-06-29.

1. ["Biography"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110709081504/http://www.samuelramey.com/biography.html). SamuelRamey.com. Archived from [the original](http://www.samuelramey.com/biography.html) on 2011-07-09. Retrieved 2011-06-29.

1. ["Bio"](http://markschultzmusic.com/bio/). [Mark Schultz](/source/Mark_Schultz_(musician)). Retrieved 2011-06-29.

1. ["Kenneth Guy Summers - Colorado - State House District 22 candidate"](http://cfapp2.rockymountainnews.com/election/profiles/c_profiles.cfm?oper=cand_profile&id=12951&qa=1). *RockyMountainNews.com*. Retrieved 2008-01-30.[dead link]

1. ["Thomas, John, (1874-1945)"](http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=T000172). *[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress](/source/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress)*. Retrieved 2011-06-29.

1. Hallmark, Allen (September 2006). ["Carol Voisin: Candidate with a Conscience Seeking a Voice in Congress"](https://web.archive.org/web/20071009050243/http://www.jcdemocrats.org/newsletters/Sep2006.pdf). *Jackson County Democrat*. Democratic Party of Jackson County, Oregon. p. 9. Archived from [the original](http://www.jcdemocrats.org/newsletters/Sep2006.pdf) on 2007-10-09.

## Further reading

See also: [List of books about Thomas County, Kansas](/source/Thomas_County,_Kansas#Further_reading)

## External links

- [Colby - Official Website](https://www.cityofcolbyks.gov/)
- [Colby - Directory of Public Officials](https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260619)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Colby, Kansas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colby%2C_Kansas) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colby%2C_Kansas?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.