# Codex Angelicus

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{{New Testament manuscript infobox
| form   = Uncial
| number = '''020'''
| image  = Uncial 020 (GA) Acts 8,38.png
| isize  = 
| caption= Fragment with Acts 8:38
| name   = Angelicus
| sign   = L<sup>ap</sup>
| text   = [Acts](/source/Acts_of_the_Apostles), [CE](/source/Catholic_epistles), [Paul](/source/Pauline_epistles)
| script = [Greek](/source/Greek_language)
| date   = 9th century
| found  = 
| now at = [Biblioteca Angelica](/source/Biblioteca_Angelica)
| cite   = 
| size   = {{×|27|21.5}}
| type   = [Byzantine text-type](/source/Byzantine_text-type)
| cat    = V
| hand   = 
| note   = 
}}

'''Codex Angelicus''' designated by '''L<sup>ap</sup>''' or '''020''' (in the [Gregory-Aland](/source/Biblical_manuscript) numbering), α 5 ([von Soden](/source/Biblical_manuscript)), is a Greek [uncial](/source/uncial) [manuscript](/source/manuscript) of the [New Testament](/source/New_Testament). [Palaeographically](/source/Palaeography) it has been assigned to the 9th century.<ref name=Aland>{{Cite book
 | last1 = Aland
 | first1 = Kurt
 | author-link = Kurt Aland
 | last2 = Aland
 | first2 = Barbara
 | author-link2 = Barbara Aland
 | others = Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.)
 | title = The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism
 | publisher = [William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company](/source/William_B._Eerdmans_Publishing_Company)
 | year = 1995
 | location = Grand Rapids
 | page = 113
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2pYDsAhUOxAC
 | isbn = 978-0-8028-4098-1}}</ref> Formerly it was known as ''Codex Passionei''.

== Description ==
The codex contains text of the [Acts of the Apostles](/source/Acts_of_the_Apostles), the [Catholic epistles](/source/Catholic_epistles), and the [Pauline epistles](/source/Pauline_epistles), on 189 parchment leaves ({{×|27|21.5}}). The text is written in two columns per page, 26 lines per column (size of column {{×|21.2|7.2}}).<ref name = Aland/><ref name = Gregory>{{Cite book | last = Gregory | first = Caspar René | author-link = Caspar René Gregory | title = Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | publisher = J.C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung | year = 1900 | location = Leipzig | volume = 1 | page = 102 | url = https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n115/mode/2up }}</ref> The codex contains large [lacunae](/source/Lacuna_(manuscripts)) in Acts 1:1-8:10; and in [Hebrews](/source/Epistle_to_the_Hebrews) 13:10-25.<ref name = Gregory/>

It contains prolegomena, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), subscriptions at the end of each book, and {{lang|grc|[στιχοι](/source/Stichometry)}}.<ref name = Gregory/>

== Text ==
The Greek text of this [codex](/source/codex) is a representative of the [Byzantine text-type](/source/Byzantine_text-type)<ref>[Bruce M. Metzger](/source/Bruce_M._Metzger), [Bart D. Ehrman](/source/Bart_D._Ehrman), "The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration", ''[Oxford University Press](/source/Oxford_University_Press)'', (New York - Oxford, 2005), p. 77.</ref> with a few non-Byzantine readings. It is one of the very earliest purely Byzantine manuscripts, and belongs to the textual family [Family E](/source/Family_E). [Aland](/source/Kurt_Aland) placed it in [Category V](/source/Categories_of_New_Testament_manuscripts).<ref name = Aland/>

The text of Romans 16:25-27 is following 14:23, as in [Codex Athous Lavrensis](/source/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis), [Uncial 0209](/source/Uncial_0209), [Minuscule 181](/source/Minuscule_181) [326](/source/Minuscule_326) [330](/source/Minuscule_330) [451](/source/Minuscule_451) [460](/source/Minuscule_460) [614](/source/Minuscule_614) 1241 1877 1881 1984 1985 2492 2495.<ref>UBS3, pp. 576-577.</ref>

In [1 Timothy](/source/First_Epistle_to_Timothy) 3:16 it has textual variant {{lang|grc|θεός ἐφανερώθη}} (''God manifested'') (Sinaiticus<sup>e</sup>, A<sup>2</sup>, [C<sup>2</sup>](/source/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus), [D<sup>c</sup>](/source/Codex_Bezae), [K](/source/Codex_Mosquensis_I), L, [P](/source/Codex_Porphyrianus), [Ψ](/source/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis), [81](/source/Minuscule_81), [104](/source/Minuscule_104), [181](/source/Minuscule_181), [326](/source/Minuscule_326), [330](/source/Minuscule_330), [436](/source/Minuscule_436), [451](/source/Minuscule_451), [614](/source/Minuscule_614), [629](/source/Minuscule_629), [630](/source/Minuscule_630), 1241, [1739](/source/Minuscule_1739), 1877, 1881, 1962, 1984, 1985, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect), against ὃς ἐφανερώθη (''he was manifested'') supported by Sinaiticus, [Codex Alexandrinus](/source/Codex_Alexandrinus), [Ephraemi](/source/Codex_Ephraemi), [Boernerianus](/source/Codex_Boernerianus), 33, [365](/source/Minuscule_365), [442](/source/Minuscule_442), 2127, ['''ℓ''' ''599''](/source/Lectionary_599).<ref>[Bruce M. Metzger](/source/Bruce_M._Metzger), ''A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament'' ([Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft](/source/Deutsche_Bibelgesellschaft): Stuttgart 2001), pp. 573-573.</ref><ref>[http://www.bible-researcher.com/alexandrinus4.html 1 Timothy 3:16 in Codex Alexandrinus] at the Bible Research</ref>

In 1 Peter 4:14, the manuscript contains the variant reading κατὰ μὲν αὐτοὺς βλασφημεῖται, κατὰ δὲ ὑμᾶς δοξάζεται ("according to them he is blasphemed, but according to you he is glorified") along with manuscripts [K](/source/Codex_Mosquensis_I) [P](/source/Codex_Porphyrianus) [Ψ](/source/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis) 1448 1611, the Byzantine Codices, a majority or all of the Old Latin witnesses, [the Wordsworth/White Vulgate Edition](/source/Oxford_Vulgate), the Greek-manuscript-consulted Harklensis Syriac Vorlage, Sahidic manuscripts, one Bohairic manuscript, and the church father [Cyprian](/source/Cyprian) (3rd Century).

== History ==
It once belonged to Cardinal [Passionei](/source/Domenico_Silvio_Passionei). The manuscript was examined by [Montfaucon](/source/Bernard_de_Montfaucon),<ref>[Bernard de Montfaucon](/source/Bernard_de_Montfaucon), "Palaeographia Graeca" (Paris, 1708), p. 514.</ref> [Bianchini](/source/Giuseppe_Bianchini),<ref>Bianchini, [http://en.calameo.com/read/0001070443b15b4eb3655 ''Evangeliarium quadruplex latinae versionis antiquae seu veteris italicae''] (Rome, 1749), vol. I, p. DLXIV-DLXX.</ref> [Birch](/source/Andrew_Birch) (James and 1 Corinthians),<ref>Birch, ''Variae Lectiones ad Textum Actorum Apostolorum, Epistolarum Catholicarum et Pauli'', Copenhagen 1798, p. XIV. (as Ang. 2)</ref> [Scholz](/source/Johann_Martin_Augustin_Scholz) (entire codex),<ref>Scholz, ''Biblisch-kritische Reise in Frankreich, der Schweiz, Italien, Palästine und im Archipel in den Jahren 1818, 1819, 1820, 1821: Nebst einer Geschichte des Textes des Neuen Testaments'', Leipzig, 1823. (in Acts and Cath. as G, in Paul as I)</ref> and Ferdinand Fleck in 1833.<ref name = Gregory/> It was collated by [Tischendorf](/source/Constantin_von_Tischendorf) in 1843, and then Tregelles in 1846.<ref>[S. P. Tregelles](/source/Samuel_Prideaux_Tregelles), "An Introduction to the Critical study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures", London 1856, p. 205.</ref> It was examined by G. Mucchio.

Wettstein and Scholz designated it by the siglum G. Tischendorf initially employed the same siglum, but in the 7th edition of his Novum Testamentum, he changed this to the siglum L.<ref name = Gregory/> Gregory assigned it the number 020.

The name of the codex comes from the [Biblioteca Angelica](/source/Biblioteca_Angelica) library in [Rome](/source/Rome), where it is now located (shelf number Gr. No. 039).<ref name = Aland/><ref name = INTF>{{Cite web |url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=20020 |title=Liste Handschriften |publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research |access-date=16 March 2013 |location=Münster}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Bible}}
* [List of New Testament uncials](/source/List_of_New_Testament_uncials) 
* [Textual criticism](/source/Textual_criticism)

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==

* G. Mucchio, "Studi italiani di filologia classica" 4, ''Index Codicum Bibliothecae'' no. 39 (Florence, 1896), pp.&nbsp;7–184.

== External links ==
* R. Waltz, [http://www.skypoint.com/members/waltzmn/ManuscriptsUncials.html#uLp Codex Angelicus L<sup>ap</sup> (020)], ''Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism''.
* [https://www.internetculturale.it/jmms/iccuviewer/iccu.jsp?id=oai%3Awww.internetculturale.sbn.it%2FTeca%3A20%3ANT0000%3ACNMD%5C%5C0000116721&mode=all&teca=MagTeca+-+ICCU Digital Images of the manuscript] at the [https://www.internetculturale.it Internet Culturale].
* [https://manuscripts.csntm.org/manuscript/Group/GA_020 Black and White Digital Images of the manuscript] at the [CSNTM](/source/CSNTM).

{{DEFAULTSORT:Angelicus}}
Category:Greek New Testament uncials
Category:9th-century biblical manuscripts

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Codex Angelicus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Angelicus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Angelicus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.