# Cochrane Library

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Collection of databases in medicine and other healthcare specialties

For Wikipedia donations from the Cochrane Collaboration, see [Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Cochrane](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Cochrane).

Cochrane Library Cochrane Library logo Producer Cochrane Access Providers John Wiley & Sons Cost Subscription with limited preview Coverage Disciplines Healthcare Format coverage Reviews Geospatial coverage Worldwide Links Website www.cochranelibrary.com

The **Cochrane Library** (named after [Archie Cochrane](/source/Archie_Cochrane)) is a collection of [databases](/source/Database) in medicine and other [healthcare](/source/Health_care) specialties provided by [Cochrane](/source/Cochrane_(organisation)) and other organizations. At its core is the collection of **Cochrane Reviews**, a database of [systematic reviews](/source/Systematic_review) and [meta-analyses](/source/Meta-analysis) that summarize and interpret the results of medical research. The Cochrane Library aims to make the results of well-conducted [clinical trials](/source/Clinical_trial) readily available and is a key resource in [evidence-based medicine](/source/Evidence-based_medicine).

## Access and use

The Cochrane Library is a subscription-based database, published initially by Update Software and now published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. as part of Wiley Online Library. In many countries, including parts of Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Scandinavian countries, New Zealand, Australia, India, South Africa, and Poland, it has been made available free to all residents by "national provision" (typically a government or Department of Health pays for the license).[1] Other countries negotiate for a national license, which similarly provides free Cochrane access to all residents; in Switzerland, the national license is funded by the [Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Swiss_Academy_of_Medical_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1) [[de](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweizerische_Akademie_der_Medizinischen_Wissenschaften)], the Consortium of Swiss Academic Libraries, university hospitals, and the [Federal Office of Public Health](/source/Federal_Office_of_Public_Health).[2][3] There are also arrangements for free access in much of Latin America and in "low-income countries", typically via [HINARI](/source/HINARI). All countries have free access to two-page abstracts of all Cochrane Reviews and short plain-language summaries of selected articles.[1]

Cochrane Reviews appear to be relatively underused in the United States for two reasons: 1) Public access to the Cochrane Library in the United States is limited (the state of [Wyoming](/source/Wyoming) is an exception, having paid for a license to enable free access to Cochrane Reviews for all residents of Wyoming).[4] 2) The government-funded [U.S. National Library of Medicine](/source/U.S._National_Library_of_Medicine) maintains an alternative database [MEDLINE](/source/MEDLINE), which is free of charge to everyone and has significantly more extensive coverage than Cochrane.

From 26 March to 26 May 2020, the Cochrane Library provided temporary unrestricted access to everyone in every country in response to the [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic).[5]

## Contents

The Cochrane Library consists of the following databases after significant changes in 2018:

- The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Cochrane Reviews). Contains all the peer-reviewed systematic reviews and protocols (Cochrane Protocols) prepared by the Cochrane Review Groups.

- The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). CENTRAL is a database that contains details of articles of controlled trials and other studies of healthcare interventions from bibliographic databases (majorly MEDLINE and EMBASE), and other published and unpublished sources that are difficult to access, including trials from the trial registries such as [International Clinical Trials Registry Platform](/source/International_Clinical_Trials_Registry_Platform) (ICTRP) and [ClinicalTrials.gov](/source/ClinicalTrials.gov).[6][7] However, systematic reviewers need to search not only CENTRAL but also ICTRP and [ClinicalTrials.gov](/source/ClinicalTrials.gov) to identify unpublished studies.[8]

- Cochrane Clinical Answers. These evidence summaries on a variety of questions of interest to healthcare professionals have a user-friendly presentation with graphics and high-level conclusions of the research evidence based on Cochrane Reviews.[9]

The Cochrane Library now also features results from Special Collections and Editorials as well as an option to link out to other reviews compiled by [Epistemonikos](https://www.epistemonikos.org/).[9][10]

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Protocols, and CENTRAL are produced by [Cochrane](/source/Cochrane_(organisation)).

## *The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews*

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Discipline Medicine Language English Edited by Dr Karla Soares-Weiser Publication details History 1996–present Publisher Wiley Impact factor 11.874 (2021) Standard abbreviations ISO 4 (alt) · Bluebook (alt) NLM (alt) · MathSciNet (alt ) ISO 4 Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. Indexing CODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) · Scopus · W&L ISSN 2044-4702 (print) 1469-493X (web) LCCN 99039924

The Cochrane reviews take the format of full-length methodological studies. Cochrane researchers will perform searches of medical and health databases including [MEDLINE](/source/MEDLINE)/[PubMed](/source/PubMed), [EMBASE](/source/EMBASE), [PsycINFO](/source/PsycINFO), [CINAHL](/source/CINAHL), etc.; a continually updated database of trials called the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); hand searching, where researchers look through entire libraries of [scientific journals](/source/Scientific_journal) by hand and; reference checking of obtained articles in order to identify additional studies that are relevant to the question they are attempting to answer. The quality of each study is carefully assessed using predefined criteria and evidence of weak methodology or the possibility that a study may have been affected by bias is reported in the review.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

Cochrane researchers then apply [statistical analysis](/source/Statistical_analysis#Overview) to compare the data of the trials. This creates a review of studies, or [systematic review](/source/Systematic_review), giving a comprehensive view of the efficacy of a particular medical intervention. Finished reviews are available as a full report with diagrams, in condensed form or as a plain language summary, in order to provide for every reader of the review.[11]

### Abstracting and indexing

According to *[Journal Citation Reports](/source/Journal_Citation_Reports)*, *The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews* has a 2021 [impact factor](/source/Impact_factor) of 11.874, ranking 20th of 172 journals in the Medicine, General and Internal category, down from 11th in 2020 (167 journals).[12] Reviews are [abstracted and indexed](/source/Abstracted_and_indexed) in the following [bibliographic databases](/source/Bibliographic_databases): [Science Citation Index Expanded](/source/Science_Citation_Index_Expanded), [Scopus](/source/Scopus), [CINAHL](/source/CINAHL), [EMBASE](/source/EMBASE), [MEDLINE](/source/MEDLINE).[13]

### Academic comments

The Cochrane Library Feedback tool allows users to provide comments on and feedback of Cochrane Reviews and Protocols in The Cochrane Library. If accepted, the feedback will be published in a scrolling list of comments in reverse chronological order, with the most recent submission at the top of the page.[14] The Collaboration has a procedure for the event of serious error, an event which has only occurred once in its history.[15]

### Supplements

Annual colloquia have been conducted by Cochrane since 1993. From 1994 onwards, Cochrane has maintained a database of posters and presentations of past colloquia. From 2009 onwards, Cochrane published the abstracts of those colloquia as supplements to the *Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews*. From 2010 to 2016, an annual newsletter related to Cochrane methodology called *Cochrane Methods* ([ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [2044-4702](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2044-4702)), was published as an annual supplement.[16]

## See also

- [List of academic databases and search engines](/source/List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:1_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:1_1-1) ["Access options for the Cochrane Library"](http://www.cochranelibrary.com/help/access-options-for-cochrane-library.html). *Cochrane Library*. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Cochrane Library"](https://www.samw.ch/en/Projects/Overview-of-projects/Cochrane-Library.html). *SAMW*. 2026. Retrieved 31 May 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Contents available"](https://consortium.ch/verfuegbare-inhalte/?lang=en). *Consortium of Swiss Academic Libraries*. Retrieved 31 May 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Grimes DA, Hou MY, Lopez LM, Nanda K (February 2008). "Do clinical experts rely on the Cochrane library?". *Obstet Gynecol*. **111** (2 Pt 1): 420–2. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1097/01.AOG.0000300558.51373.ae](https://doi.org/10.1097%2F01.AOG.0000300558.51373.ae). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [18238981](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18238981). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [205384002](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205384002).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Free access to Cochrane's COVID-19 pandemic resources guaranteed"](https://www.cochrane.org/news/free-access-cochranes-covid-19-pandemic-resources-guaranteed). *Cochrane*. The Cochrane Collaboration. 26 May 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL)"](https://www.cochranelibrary.com/central/about-central). *cochranelibrary.com*. Retrieved 27 July 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Dickersin, Kay; Manheimer, Eric; Wieland, Susan; Robinson, Karen A.; Lefebvre, Carol; McDonald, Steve; Central Development Group (March 2022). ["Development of the Cochrane Collaboration's Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials"](http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/016327870202500104). *Evaluation & the Health Professions*. **25** (1): 38–64. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1177/016327870202500104](https://doi.org/10.1177%2F016327870202500104). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0163-2787](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0163-2787). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11868444](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11868444). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [22331214](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22331214).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Banno M, Tsujimoto Y, Kataoka Y (2020). ["Using the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify clinical trial registration is insufficient: a cross-sectional study"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7382846). *BMC Med Res Methodol*. **20** (1): 200. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1186/s12874-020-01083-y](https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12874-020-01083-y). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [7382846](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7382846). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [32711471](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32711471).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_9-1) ["About the Cochrane Library | Cochrane Library"](https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-library). *cochranelibrary.com*. Retrieved 21 January 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Epistemonikos: Database of the best Evidence-Based Health Care"](https://www.epistemonikos.org/). *epistemonikos.org*. Retrieved 21 January 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Cochrane Library Training"](https://www.cochranelibrary.com/help/training). Retrieved 10 December 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews: 2021 Impact Factor"](https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/about-cdsr). Cochrane Library. Retrieved 22 February 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["Cochrane Library"](https://miar.ub.edu/issn/1361-6137). *[MIAR: Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals](/source/MIAR%3A_Information_Matrix_for_the_Analysis_of_Journals)*. [University of Barcelona](/source/University_of_Barcelona). Retrieved 31 May 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** The Cochrane Collaboration. [https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/comments-submission](https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/comments-submission) (accessed 10 December 2018)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** ["Process in the event of serious errors in published Cochrane Reviews"](https://community.cochrane.org/editorial-and-publishing-policy-resource/cochrane-review-management/process-event-serious-errors-published-cochrane-reviews). *community.cochrane.org*. Retrieved 11 December 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** ["Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews: Supplements | Cochrane Library"](https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/supplements). *cochranelibrary.com*. Retrieved 11 December 2018.

## External links

- [The Cochrane Library](http://www.thecochranelibrary.com) on Wiley Online

- [Abstracts and summaries of Cochrane Reviews](https://www.cochrane.org/evidence), free access

- [The evolution of *The Cochrane Library*, 1988–2003](https://web.archive.org/web/20080625194639/http://www.update-software.com/history/clibhist.htm)

- [The Centre for Reviews and Dissemination](http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/crd)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cochrane Library](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochrane_Library) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochrane_Library?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.