# Clam juice

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{{Short description|Broth obtained from clams}}
[[File:Starting lunch with a traditional clam juice shot.jpg|thumb|A [shot glass](/source/shot_glass) of clam juice]]
'''Clam juice''' is a [broth](/source/broth) derived from steamed [clam](/source/clam)s,<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/> which can be consumed on its own or used as an ingredient in various dishes and beverages.

==Preparation==
Clam juice is typically prepared from the liquid obtained from [steamed](/source/Steaming) clams.<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/> Clam juice may be prepared fresh for consumption,<ref name="OHara Nash 1999"/> or purchased in prepared bottled form.<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/><ref name="Broyles 2015"/> Some companies [mass-produce](/source/Mass_production) prepared clam juice, which is made by steaming fresh clams in water with salt, collecting the extracted liquid known as clam extract or clam liquor, and then filtering it.<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/><ref name="Cook's Illustrated"/>

In 1937, William G. Frazier invented a clam opener devised to easily open clams and retain all of the clam juice, which was collected in a bowl.<ref name="USPTO US 2136816 A"/> A patent for the clam opener was issued by the [United States Patent and Trademark Office](/source/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office) on November 15, 1938.<ref name="USPTO US 2136816 A"/>

==Use in dishes==
[[File:Clam juice being used in preparation of clam chowder.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Bottled clam juice being used in the preparation of [clam chowder](/source/clam_chowder)]]
Clam juice is sometimes used in the preparation of [clam chowder](/source/clam_chowder) and other [chowder](/source/chowder)s.<ref name="Broyles 2015"/> It may be used as an ingredient in various sauces and meat sauces, [seafood](/source/seafood) dishes, in [soup bases](/source/Cooking_base), and as a condiment to top foods, similar to the manner that [fish sauce](/source/fish_sauce) may be used.<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/><ref name="Chiarella 2013"/><ref name="Burros 1996"/>

Italian chefs sometimes use clam juice as an ingredient in [seafood dishes](/source/List_of_seafood_dishes) and pasta sauces.<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/> It is sometimes used during the [deglazing](/source/Deglazing_(cooking)) process in cooking.<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/> It may provide a mineral-like flavor to dishes, and serve as a substrate to assist in combining flavors present in a dish.<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/>

==As a beverage==
Some restaurants and bars in the US serve [shots](/source/shooter_(drink)) of pure clam juice.<ref name="Lybarger 2015"/> For example, the Old Clam House in San Francisco, California serves a shot glass of hot clam juice at the beginning of each meal.<ref name="Lybarger 2015"/> In the early 1900s in the United States, clam juice was purported to be a [hangover](/source/hangover) remedy.<ref name="Epicurious 2015"/>

[[File:Everleigh Club exterior.jpg|thumb|Exterior of the [Everleigh Club](/source/Everleigh_Club), circa 1911]]
The [Everleigh Club](/source/Everleigh_Club), a former [brothel](/source/brothel) in Chicago, Illinois, that was in operation from 1900 to October 1911, would serve iced clam juice and a tablet of aspirin as a starter for breakfast, which began at 2:00 in the afternoon.<ref name="Tait 1997"/><ref name="Washburn"/>

==Beverages with clam juice==
===Soda fountains===
In the United States in the early 1900s, clam juice was used as an ingredient for various beverages at [soda fountain](/source/soda_fountain)s.<ref name="D.O. Haynes & Company 1909"/> Beverages prepared with clam juice included hot clam juice, hot clam soda, hot ginger clam broth, hot celery punch, hot clam cream, clam night cap, tomato clam broth and others.<ref name="D.O. Haynes & Company 1909"/><ref name="Fountain 1915 p. 92"/><ref name="Fox"/><ref name="Lillard & Company 1920"/>

During this time, a recipe for hot clam juice used one-half to one-ounce of clam juice in an eight-ounce glass, the remainder of which was filled with hot water.<ref name="D.O. Haynes & Company 1909"/> Accompaniments included soda crackers, celery salt, salt and pepper.<ref name="D.O. Haynes & Company 1909"/> The beverage was sometimes prepared with the addition of milk or hot milk.<ref name="D.O. Haynes & Company 1909"/> The addition of a small portion of butter would enhance the flavor of hot clam juice.<ref name="D.O. Haynes & Company 1909"/>

===Cocktails===
In contemporary times, clam juice is sometimes used as an ingredient or [drink mixer](/source/drink_mixer) in [cocktail](/source/cocktail)s, such as the [Caesar](/source/Caesar_(cocktail)),<ref name="OHara Nash 1999"/><ref name="Post-Gazette 2015"/><ref name="CBC.ca 2013"/> also known as a Bloody Caesar.<ref name="CBC.ca 2009"/>

===Clamato===
{{main article|Clamato}}
thumb|A Caesar cocktail prepared with Clamato
[Clamato](/source/Clamato) is a [mass-produced](/source/Mass_production) beverage prepared with [tomato juice](/source/tomato_juice) concentrate, clam juice and spices.<ref name="Drane 2016"/><ref name="O'Brien 2008"/> It also contains [high-fructose corn syrup](/source/high-fructose_corn_syrup), monosodium glutamate, salt and [ascorbic acid](/source/ascorbic_acid).<ref name="O'Brien 2008"/> Clamato is used as an ingredient in the [Caesar](/source/Caesar_(cocktail)) cocktail.<ref>{{cite book|author=Paul Harrington|author2=Laura Moorhead|name-list-style=amp |others=Designed and illustrated by Douglas Bowman|title=Cocktail: the drinks bible for the 21st century|date=1998|publisher=Viking|location=New York|isbn=978-0-670-88022-5|pages=68–69}}</ref> The [michelada](/source/michelada), a [beer cocktail](/source/beer_cocktail), is sometimes prepared using Clamato as an ingredient.<ref name="Gold 2015"/>{{clear left}}

==See also==
* [Clam sauce](/source/Clam_sauce)
* [Fred Fear & Company](/source/Fred_Fear_%26_Company) – a former U.S. purveyor of clam juice
* [List of juices](/source/List_of_juices)
* [Oyster sauce](/source/Oyster_sauce)
* {{portal-inline|Drink}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="OHara Nash 1999">{{cite book | last1=O'Hara | first1=C.B. | last2=Nash | first2=W.A. | title=The Bloody Mary: A Connoisseur's Guide to the World's Most Complex Cocktail | publisher=[Lyons Press](/source/Lyons_Press) | series=Lyons Press Series | year=1999 | isbn=978-1-55821-786-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KmzcpVixMwsC&pg=PA77 | accessdate=January 19, 2016 | page=77 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
<ref name="Broyles 2015">{{cite web | last=Broyles | first=Addie | title=Ring in New Year with fresh chowder | website=The Seattle Times | date=December 28, 2015 | url=http://www.seattletimes.com/life/food-drink/ring-in-new-year-with-fresh-chowder/ | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Drane 2016">{{cite web | last=Drane | first=Amanda | title=Madame Barfly: The Library in Easthampton is about the booze, not the books | website=[Daily Hampshire Gazette](/source/Daily_Hampshire_Gazette) | date=January 8, 2016 | url=http://www.gazettenet.com/living/20363183-95/madame-barfly-the-library-in-easthampton-is-about-the-booze-not-the-books | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="O'Brien 2008">{{cite web|url=http://www.freetimes.com/stories/15/42/drinking-responsibly|title=Drinking Responsibly|last=O'Brien|first=Erin|date=February 20, 2008|work=[Cleveland Free Times](/source/Cleveland_Free_Times)|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517015909/http://www.freetimes.com/stories/15/42/drinking-responsibly |archivedate=May 17, 2008 |accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Post-Gazette 2015">{{cite web | author=McCart, Melissa | title=On the Table: Kick off the year with a bloody mary | website=[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette](/source/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette) | date=December 31, 2015 | url=http://www.post-gazette.com/life/libations/2015/12/31/On-the-table-Kick-off-the-year-with-a-bloody-mary/stories/201512310107 | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Lybarger 2015">{{cite web | last=Lybarger | first=Jeremy | title=The Old Clam House: Time-Worn Gem Turned Into Just Another Tourist Trap | website=[SF Weekly](/source/SF_Weekly) | date=December 17, 2015 | url=http://www.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/the-old-clam-house-time-worn-gem-turned-into-just-another-tourist-trap/Content?oid=2182598 | accessdate=January 19, 2016 | archive-date=January 26, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126063247/http://www.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/the-old-clam-house-time-worn-gem-turned-into-just-another-tourist-trap/Content?oid=2182598 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name="Tait 1997">{{cite web | last=Tait | first=Elaine | title=Bordello Cooking: Mmm, Mmm Good! | website=[The Philadelphia Inquirer](/source/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer) | date=February 16, 1997 | url=http://articles.philly.com/1997-02-16/food/25533485_1_bordello-food-processor-brochure-advertising | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126080827/http://articles.philly.com/1997-02-16/food/25533485_1_bordello-food-processor-brochure-advertising | url-status=dead | archive-date=January 26, 2016 | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Washburn">{{cite web | url=http://livinghistoryofillinois.com/pdf_files/Come%20into%20my%20parlor%20-%20a%20biography%20of%20the%20aristocratic%20Everleigh%20sisters%20of%20Chicago.pdf | title=Come Into My Parlor | publisher=National Library Press | date=1934 | accessdate=19 January 2016 | author=Washburn, Charles | pages=156}}</ref>
<ref name="D.O. Haynes & Company 1909">{{cite book | title=The Dispenser Soda Water Guide | publisher=D.O. Haynes & Company | year=1909 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xx86AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA122 | page=122}}</ref>
<ref name="Fountain 1915 p. 92">{{cite book | last=Fountain | first=Soda | title=The Dispenser's Formulary, Or, Soda Water Guide | publisher=D.O. Haynes | year=1915 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bFU2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA92 | page=92}}</ref>
<ref name="Fox">{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EiFOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA157 | title=The Spatula | publisher=Spatula Publishing Company | work=Volume 18 | date=1911 | accessdate=19 January 2016 | author=Fox, Irving P. | pages=157}}</ref>
<ref name="Epicurious 2015">{{cite web |author=Werner, Tommy | title=What's your pantry (and cocktail) missing? Clam Juice | website=[Epicurious](/source/Epicurious) | date=March 20, 2015 | url=http://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/clam-juice-umami-secret-weapon-article | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Cook's Illustrated">{{cite magazine | title=Clam Juice |magazine=[Cook's Illustrated](/source/Cook's_Illustrated) | date=November 2008 | url=https://www.cooksillustrated.com/taste_tests/444-clam-juice | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Chiarella 2013">{{cite web | last=Chiarella | first=Tom | title=The Endorsement: Clam Juice |website=[Esquire](/source/Esquire_(magazine)) | date=March 2, 2013 | url=http://www.esquire.com/blogs/food-for-men/the-endorsement-clam-juice-0313 | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Lillard & Company 1920">{{cite book | title=Practical Druggist and Pharmaceutical Review of Reviews | publisher=Lillard & Company | issue=v. 38 | year=1920 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jzpAAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA11-PA60 | page=60}}</ref>
<ref name="Burros 1996">{{cite web | author=Burros, Marian | title=Seafood, Pasta And Spice | website=[Chicago Tribune](/source/Chicago_Tribune) | date=March 20, 1996 | url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1996/03/20/seafood-pasta-and-spice/ | access-date=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="Gold 2015">{{cite web | last=Gold | first=Jonathan | title=At Colonia Publica, come home to a warm bowl of fideo | website=[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times) | date=October 31, 2015 | url=http://www.latimes.com/food/jonathan-gold/la-fo-colonia-publica-20151031-story.html | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="CBC.ca 2013">{{cite web | title=Best Caesar | website=[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation](/source/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation) | date=April 10, 2013 | url=http://www.cbc.ca/bestrecipes/best-caesar | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="CBC.ca 2009">{{cite web | title=Calgary's Bloody Caesar hailed as nation's favourite cocktail | website=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation | date=May 13, 2009 | url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/calgary-s-bloody-caesar-hailed-as-nation-s-favourite-cocktail-1.806474 | accessdate=January 19, 2016}}</ref>
<ref name="USPTO US 2136816 A">{{cite web | url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US2136816 | title=Patent US 2136816 A | publisher=[United States Patent and Trademark Office](/source/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office) | date=November 15, 1938 | access-date=19 January 2016}}</ref>
}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite journal | author=Burnette, J.A. | author2=Flick, G.J. | author3=Miles, J.R. | author4=Ory, R.L. | author5=St. Angelo, A.J. | author6= Dupuy, H.P. | title=Characterization and Utilization of Ocean Quahog (Arctica islandica) Clam Juice as a Liquid and Dehydrated Flavoring Agent | journal=[Journal of Food Science](/source/Journal_of_Food_Science) | date=March 1983 | pages=353–359 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb10742.x | volume=48 | issue = 2}} {{subscription required}}
* {{cite book | last=Burnette | first=J.A. | title=Effect of Processing on Flavor and Acceptability of Clam Juice Obtained from the Ocean Quahog, A̲r̲c̲t̲i̲c̲a̲ I̲s̲l̲a̲n̲d̲i̲c̲a̲ | publisher=[Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University](/source/Virginia_Polytechnic_Institute_and_State_University) | year=1979 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DrVoNwAACAAJ | accessdate=January 19, 2016}} 172 pages.
* {{cite book | author=Hill, Edward C. (M.D.) | title=Medical News | publisher=Henry C. Lea's Son & Company | chapter=Rational Diet in Disease | issue=v. 87 | year=1905 | chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3CITAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA586 | quote=Clam juice may be tried in the vomiting of pregnancy (Thompson).}} p.&nbsp;586.

{{Fruit juice}}

Category:Clams
Category:Drink mixers
Category:Juice

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Clam juice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clam_juice) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clam_juice?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.