# Cistus libanotis

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Cistus_libanotis
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Cistus_libanotis.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cistus_libanotis
> Source revision: 1313999240
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Species of flowering plants in the rock rose family Cistaceae

Cistus libanotis Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Embryophytes Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Spermatophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Cistaceae Genus: Cistus Species: C. libanotis Binomial name Cistus libanotis L.[2] Synonyms[2] Cistus bourgaeanus Coss.

***Cistus libanotis*** is a [shrubby](/source/Shrub) [species](/source/Species) of [flowering plant](/source/Flowering_plant) in the family [Cistaceae](/source/Cistaceae), with white flowers. It has been confused with *[Cistus clusii](/source/Cistus_clusii)*, which it resembles, resulting in some uncertainty in its distribution. It is [endemic](/source/Endemic) to the [Iberian Peninsula](/source/Iberian_Peninsula) (in southern [Portugal](/source/Portugal) and southwestern [Spain](/source/Spain)).

## Description

*Cistus libanotis* is a prostrate or less often erect [shrub](/source/Shrub), up to 80–120 cm (2 ft 7 in – 3 ft 11 in) tall. It leaves are dark green, long and thin in shape, usually 2–4 cm (0.8–1.6 in) long by 2–5 mm (0.08–0.20 in) wide and with turned under (revolute) margins. The upper surfaces of the leaves have only a few stellate hairs, particularly on the margins and the veins; the lower surfaces have a conspicuous vein and two dense bands of short stellate hairs. The flowers are arranged in [cymes](/source/Cyme_(botany)) or whorls, the top group forming an [umbel](/source/Umbel) of three or four flowers. Each flower has three striped reddish [sepals](/source/Sepal), 7–9 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long by 4–5 mm (0.2–0.2 in) wide, and five white [petals](/source/Petal) with a yellow spot at the base, 10–13 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long by 9–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) wide. The [stamens](/source/Stamen) are unequal in length, longer than the [pistil](/source/Pistil). The [style](/source/Style_(botany)) is short. The fruiting capsule is 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long, with relatively large seeds up to 1.8 mm (0.07 in) in diameter.[3]

## Distribution and habitat

*Cistus libanotis* is native to the southwestern [Iberian Peninsula](/source/Iberian_Peninsula) (southern [Portugal](/source/Portugal) and south-west [Spain](/source/Spain)) where it is commonly found in dry, sandy coastal areas from [Campo de Gibraltar](/source/Campo_de_Gibraltar) to [Cape St. Vincent](/source/Cape_St._Vincent) and between [Alcácer do Sal](/source/Alc%C3%A1cer_do_Sal) and [Grândola](/source/Gr%C3%A2ndola), but it can also be found as far inland as [Paradas, Seville](/source/Paradas%2C_Seville).[4][5][6][7] There are records of this species in [Morocco](/source/Morocco), [Algeria](/source/Algeria) and [Tunisia](/source/Tunisia),[5] although these may belong to *Cistus libanotis* [auct.](/source/Auctorum) non L., i.e. *[C. clusii](/source/Cistus_clusii)*.[8][1]

## Taxonomy

*Cistus libanotis* was first described by [Carl Linnaeus](/source/Carl_Linnaeus) in 1759.[2] A different but similar species, *[Cistus clusii](/source/Cistus_clusii)*, has regularly been mis-identified as this species.[4] A 2011 [molecular phylogenetic study](/source/Molecular_phylogenetics) placed *C. libanotis* in the [white and whitish pink clade](/source/Cistus#Phylogeny) of *Cistus* species. No strong relationship with *C. clusii* was found.[8]

The specific epithet *libanotis* was the word used for [rosemary](/source/Rosmarinus_officinalis) by [Pliny](/source/Pliny_the_Elder).[9]

## Phylogeny

*Cistus libanotis* belongs to the white and whitish pink flowered clade of *Cistus* species.

Species-level cladogram of Cistus species. Halimium spp. Halimium spp. PPC Cistus crispus Cistus heterophyllus Cistus albidus Cistus creticus Cistus asper Cistus chinamadensis Cistus horrens Cistus ocreatus Cistus osbeckiifolius Cistus palmensis Cistus symphytifolius WWPC Cistus clusii Cistus munbyi Cistus inflatus Cistus ladanifer Cistus laurifolius Cistus libanotis Cistus monspeliensis Cistus parviflorus Cistus populifolius Cistus pouzolzii Cistus salviifolius Cistus sintenisii Purple Pink Clade White Whitish Pink Clade Species-level cladogram of Cistus species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.[10][11][5][8]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-iucn_status_20_November_2021_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-iucn_status_20_November_2021_1-1) Rivers, M.C.; Monteiro-Henriques, T.; García Murillo, P.; Buira, A.; Fraga i Arquimbau, P.; Carapeto, A. (2017). ["*Cistus libanotis*"](https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/96425363/96425962). *[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species](/source/IUCN_Red_List)*. **2017** e.T96425363A96425962. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T96425363A96425962.en](https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T96425363A96425962.en). Retrieved 20 November 2021.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-TPL_kew-2723492_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-TPL_kew-2723492_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-TPL_kew-2723492_2-2) ["*Cistus libanotis*"](http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2723492), *The Plant List*, retrieved 2015-03-02

1. **[^](#cite_ref-DemoMont93_3-0)** Demoly, J.-P. & Montserrat, P. (1993), ["Cistus"](http://www.floraiberica.es/floraiberica/texto/pdfs/03_066_01_Cistus.pdf) (PDF), in Castroviejo, S.; Aedo, C.; Cirujano, S.; Lainz, M.; Montserrat, P.; Morales, R.; Munoz Garmendia, F.; Navarro, C.; Paiva, J.; Soriano, C. & Fernandez Arias, M.I. (eds.), *Flora Iberica: Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares* (in Spanish), vol. 3, Madrid: Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, pp. 319–337, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-84-00-07375-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-00-07375-6), p. 334

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Warb68_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Warb68_4-1) Warburg, E.F. (1968). "Cistus". In Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (eds.). *Flora Europaea: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae*. Vol. 2. [Cambridge University Press](/source/Cambridge_University_Press). pp. 282–284. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-06662-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-06662-4).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-GuzmLled09_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-GuzmLled09_5-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-GuzmLled09_5-2) Guzman, B.; Lledo, M.D. & Vargas, P. (2009). ["Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean *Cistus* (Cistaceae)"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719431). *[PLOS ONE](/source/PLOS_ONE)*. **4** (7) e6362. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2009PLoSO...4.6362G](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009PLoSO...4.6362G). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1371/journal.pone.0006362](https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0006362). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [2719431](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719431). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [19668338](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19668338).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Cistus"](http://www.floraiberica.es/floraiberica/texto/pdfs/03_066_01_Cistus.pdf) (PDF). [Flora Iberica](/source/Flora_Iberica). Retrieved 24 November 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Cistus libanotis L."](https://flora-on.pt/#/1Cistus+libanotis) Flora-on. Retrieved 24 November 2020.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-CiveLeclDemoAgna11_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-CiveLeclDemoAgna11_8-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-CiveLeclDemoAgna11_8-2) Civeyrel, Laure; Leclercq, Julie; Demoly, Jean-Pierre; Agnan, Yannick; Quèbre, Nicolas; Pélissier, Céline & Otto, Thierry (2011). "Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of *Cistus* and *Halimium* (Cistaceae)". *[Plant Systematics and Evolution](/source/Plant_Systematics_and_Evolution)*. **295** (1–4): 23–54. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00606-011-0458-7). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[2078.1/219851](https://hdl.handle.net/2078.1%2F219851). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [21995828](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21995828).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-JMLED_9-0)** ["Definition of libanotis"](http://www.latin-dictionary.org/JM-Latin-English-Dictionary/libanotis). *JM Latin English Dictionary*. Retrieved 2015-03-19.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-GuzmVarg05_10-0)** Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2005). "Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of *Cistus* L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences". *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **37** (3): 644–660. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2005.04.026). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [16055353](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16055353).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-GuzmVarg09_11-0)** Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences". *Organisms Diversity & Evolution*. **9** (2): 83–99. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ode.2009.01.001).

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Cistus libanotis](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cistus_libanotis).

- Page, R.G., ["*Cistus libanotis* L."](https://web.archive.org/web/20150923203732/http://www.cistuspage.org.uk/Cistus%20libanotis.htm), *The Cistus & Halimium Website*, archived from [the original](http://www.cistuspage.org.uk/Cistus%20libanotis.htm) on 2015-09-23, retrieved 2015-03-19; includes photograph

Taxon identifiers Cistus libanotis Wikidata: Q5770415 Wikispecies: Cistus libanotis APDB: 197438 BOLD: 420969 CoL: VLN6 EoL: 2870397 EPPO: CSTLI GBIF: 3596392 GRIN: 402757 iNaturalist: 467523 IPNI: 168346-1 IUCN: 96425363 NCBI: 335171 Observation.org: 131975 Open Tree of Life: 752025 Plant List: kew-2723492 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:168346-1 Tropicos: 7600022 WFO: wfo-0000607432

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cistus libanotis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cistus_libanotis) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cistus_libanotis?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.