# Cistus inflatus

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Species of flowering plants

Cistus inflatus Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Embryophytes Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Spermatophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Cistaceae Genus: Cistus Species: C. inflatus Binomial name Cistus inflatus Pourr. ex J.-P.Demoly[2] Synonyms Cistus hirsutus Lam. (1786), nom. illeg., non Lam. (1779) Cistus psilosepalus auct., non Sweet

***Cistus inflatus*** is a [shrubby](/source/Shrub) [species](/source/Species) of [flowering plant](/source/Flowering_plant) in the family [Cistaceae](/source/Cistaceae), often known as ***Cistus psilosepalus***, although this name is a [synonym](/source/Synonym_(biology)) of the hybrid *Cistus* × *laxus*. It has white flowers.

## Description

*Cistus inflatus* is a slightly spreading shrub, up to 1 m (3 ft) tall. It leaves are green, oblong in shape, usually 2–6 cm (0.8–2.4 in) long by 5–20 mm (0.2–0.8 in) wide, with turned under (revolute) margins, variably hairy, with long simple and stellate hairs on both sides. The leaves are unstalked (sessile) and, at least near the base, have three veins. The flowers are arranged in [cymes](/source/Cyme_(botany)) with one to five individual flowers, each 4–6 cm (1.6–2.4 in) across with five white [petals](/source/Petal) with narrowed yellow bases, and five [sepals](/source/Sepal). The [style](/source/Style_(botany)) is very short.[3][4]

## Taxonomy

*Cistus inflatus* has a somewhat confused nomenclatural history. In 1786, [Jean-Baptiste Lamarck](/source/Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck) described this species under the name *Cistus hirsutus*, but it was an [illegitimate name](/source/Nomen_illegitimum) since he had earlier used it for a different species.[5][6] In 1826, [Robert Sweet](/source/Robert_Sweet_(botanist)) published the name *Cistus psilosepalus*,[7] which was then applied to this species by many authors.[6] In 1997, [Jean-Pierre Demoly](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean-Pierre_Demoly&action=edit&redlink=1) identified Sweet's [type](/source/Type_(biology)) as *C.* × *laxus* Aiton, a hybrid between this species and *[C. populifolius](/source/Cistus_populifolius)*.[4][6][8] As the name *Cistus laxus* was published by Aiton in 1789, it has priority over the name *Cistus psilosepalus*, which becomes a [synonym](/source/Synonym_(taxonomy)). Demoly revived a name used (but not published) by [Pierre André Pourret](/source/Pierre_Andr%C3%A9_Pourret), namely *C. inflatus*.[8]

In summary, in Demoly's analysis:

- *Cistus psilosepalus* Sweet is a synonym of *Cistus* × *laxus* Aiton

- *Cistus psilosepalus* auct., non Sweet has incorrectly been used for what is now *Cistus inflatus* Pourr. ex J.-P.Demoly

Sweet called his *C. psilosepalus* "the smooth sepaled rock-rose" (the meaning of the epithet), describing it as "differing from all others ... by its smooth glossy sepals",[9] whereas later sources (including *[Flora Europaea](/source/Flora_Europaea)*) described *C. psilosepalus* as having hairy sepals.[3] In *C.* × *laxus* the backs of the outer sepals are hairless (glabrous); in *C.* *inflatus* they are hairy.[4]

A 2011 [molecular phylogenetic study](/source/Molecular_phylogenetics) placed *C. inflatus* in the [white and whitish pink clade](/source/Cistus#Phylogeny) of *Cistus* species. No particularly close relationship to any other species in the clade was identified.[10]

## Phylogeny

*Cistus inflatus* belongs to the white and whitish pink flowered clade of *Cistus* species.

Species-level cladogram of Cistus species. Halimium spp. Halimium spp. PPC Cistus crispus Cistus heterophyllus Cistus albidus Cistus creticus Cistus asper Cistus chinamadensis Cistus horrens Cistus ocreatus Cistus osbeckiifolius Cistus palmensis Cistus symphytifolius WWPC Cistus clusii Cistus munbyi Cistus inflatus Cistus ladanifer Cistus laurifolius Cistus libanotis Cistus monspeliensis Cistus parviflorus Cistus populifolius Cistus pouzolzii Cistus salviifolius Cistus sintenisii Purple Pink Clade White Whitish Pink Clade Species-level cladogram of Cistus species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.[11][12][13][10]

## Distribution

*Cistus inflatus* (generally recorded as *C. psilosepalus*) is native to [Portugal](/source/Portugal), western [Spain](/source/Spain), and two small regions of north-west [France](/source/France).[3][14]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-iucn_1-0)** Buira, A., Carapeto, A., García Murillo, P.G. & Monteiro-Henriques, T. (2017). ["*Cistus psilosepalus*"](https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/83723493/86135846). *[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species](/source/IUCN_Red_List)*. **2017** e.T83723493A86135846. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T83723493A86135846.en](https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T83723493A86135846.en). Retrieved 26 January 2024.{{[cite journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal)}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-TPL_kew-2723453_2-0)** ["*Cistus inflatus*"](http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2723453), *The Plant List*, retrieved 2015-03-02

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Warb68_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Warb68_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Warb68_3-2) Warburg, E.F. (1968), "Cistus psilosepalus", in Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (eds.), *Flora Europaea, Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae*, Cambridge University Press, p. 283, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-06662-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-06662-4)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-LCVH_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-LCVH_4-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-LCVH_4-2) ["Cistaceae *Cistus inflatus* Pourr."](https://web.archive.org/web/20150402103436/http://svenlandrein.com/virtherbpages/20032375.html), *Living Collection Virtual Herbarium*, Sven Landrein, archived from [the original](http://svenlandrein.com/virtherbpages/20032375.html) on 2015-04-02, retrieved 2015-03-14

1. **[^](#cite_ref-IPNI_77069425-1_5-0)** ["Cistaceae *Cistus hirsutus* Lam."](http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=77069425-1), *The International Plant Names Index*, retrieved 2015-03-14

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-GRIN_402755_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-GRIN_402755_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-GRIN_402755_6-2) ["*Cistus psilosepalus* auct"](https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=402755). *[Germplasm Resources Information Network](/source/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network)*. [Agricultural Research Service](/source/Agricultural_Research_Service), [United States Department of Agriculture](/source/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture). Retrieved 2015-03-14.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-TPL_kew-2723599_7-0)** ["*Cistus psilosepalus*"](http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2723599), *The Plant List*, retrieved 2015-03-14

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Demo98_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Demo98_8-1) Demoly, J.-P. (1997), "L'identité du *Cistus psilosepalus* Sw. (Cistaceae)", *Acta Botanica Gallica* (in French), **144** (1): 35–44, [abstract](http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=AV20120148843) (in French and English)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Swee26_9-0)** Sweet, Robert (1826), ["33 *Cistus psilosepalus*"](https://archive.org/stream/cistineaenatura00sweegoog#page/n138/mode/2up), *Cistineae: the natural order of*Cistus*or Rock-rose*, London: James Ridgeway, retrieved 2015-03-15

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-CiveLeclDemoAgna11_10-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-CiveLeclDemoAgna11_10-1) Civeyrel, Laure; Leclercq, Julie; Demoly, Jean-Pierre; Agnan, Yannick; Quèbre, Nicolas; Pélissier, Céline & Otto, Thierry (2011). "Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of Cistus and Halimium (Cistaceae)". *Plant Systematics and Evolution*. **295** (1–4): 23–54. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00606-011-0458-7). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[2078.1/219851](https://hdl.handle.net/2078.1%2F219851). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [21995828](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21995828).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-GuzmVarg05_11-0)** Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2005). "Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of *Cistus* L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences". *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **37** (3): 644–660. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2005.04.026). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [16055353](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16055353).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-GuzmVarg09_12-0)** Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences". *Organisms Diversity & Evolution*. **9** (2): 83–99. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ode.2009.01.001).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-GuzmLled09_13-0)** Guzman, B.; Lledo, M.D. & Vargas, P. (2009). ["Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean *Cistus* (Cistaceae)"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719431). *PLOS ONE*. **4** (7) e6362. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2009PLoSO...4.6362G](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009PLoSO...4.6362G). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1371/journal.pone.0006362](https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0006362). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [2719431](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719431). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [19668338](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19668338).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-eFlo_14-0)** ["*Cistus inflatus* Pourr. ex Demoly"](http://www.tela-botanica.org/bdtfx-nn-17993-synthese), *eFlore* (in French), Association Tela Botanica, retrieved 2015-03-14

## External links

- Page, R.G. (n.d.) [2002 onwards], ["*Cistus inflatus* Pourr. ex Demoly"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150923203730/http://www.cistuspage.org.uk/Cistus%20inflatus.htm), *The Cistus & Halimium Website*, archived from [the original](http://www.cistuspage.org.uk/Cistus%20inflatus.htm) on 2015-09-23, retrieved 2015-03-14; includes photograph

Taxon identifiers Cistus inflatus Wikidata: Q15330550 Wikispecies: Cistus inflatus APNI: 191237 CoL: VLMC EoL: 5731876 GBIF: 3595200 GRIN: 433272 IPNI: 1015376-1 NCBI: 2604101 Open Tree of Life: 7057508 Plant List: kew-2723453 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1015376-1 RHS: 139124 Tropicos: 100311899 VicFlora: 08778b97-8155-4c9c-b94a-0e5661faf7a3 WFO: wfo-0000607391

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cistus inflatus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cistus_inflatus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cistus_inflatus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.