# Chullcani

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For the mountain in the Potosí Department, Bolivia, see [Chullunkhäni](/source/Chullunkh%C3%A4ni).

**Chullkani** (possibly a broken name from [Aymara](/source/Aymara_language) **Chullunkhäni** ("the one with the icicles"),[2] Hispanicized spelling *Chullcani*) is a 5,032-metre (16,509-foot) [volcano](/source/Volcano)[1] in the [Cordillera Occidental](/source/Cordillera_Occidental_(Bolivia)) in the [Andes](/source/Andes) of [Bolivia](/source/Bolivia). It is located in the [Oruro Department](/source/Oruro_Department), [Sajama Province](/source/Sajama_Province), [Turco Municipality](/source/Turco_Municipality).[3] It lies near two lower peaks both named Wayna Chullunkhäni ("young Chullunkhäni"). The eastern one called [Wayna Chullunkhäni](/source/Wayna_Chullunkh%C3%A4ni) (Hispanicized *Huayna Chulluncani*) lies at [18°18′30″S 68°48′27″W](https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=18_18_30_S_68_48_27_W), and the one northwest of Chullkani, also spelled *Huayna Chuluncani*, lies at [18°14′57″S 68°51′22″W](https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=18_14_57_S_68_51_22_W) at a creek named Wayna Chullkani *(Huayna Chullcani)*.[4]

Activity at Chullkani commenced in the upper Miocene with the [cryptodome](/source/Cryptodome) [Ch'ankha Muqu](/source/Ch'ankha_Muqu). This lava dome is formed by porphyritic [andesite](/source/Andesite) and has dimensions of 100 by 500 metres (330 by 1,640 ft) at an altitude of 4,110 metres (13,480 ft). Later, southeast of Chullkani formed the [rhyolitic](/source/Rhyolitic) [Yapu Qullu](/source/Yapu_Qullu_(Sajama)) lava dome. Crystalline flows named Thuwas Qalani *(Tobas Khalani)* are up to 50 metres (160 ft) thick and contain lithic fragments and [pumice](/source/Pumice). Chullkani proper formed 6.13± 0.12 Ma from andesites. Another group of five peaks stretching northeast are lava domes and named [Jitiri](/source/Jitiri), Picha Qullu *(Picha Kkollu)*, Llallawi *(Llalahui)* (or Llallani), [Jach'a K'uchu](/source/Jach'a_K'uchu_(Bolivia)) and Wila Lat'arata. A [dacite](/source/Dacite) lava dome named [Liyun Ikiña](/source/Liyun_Iki%C3%B1a) was erupted 6.2±0.4 Ma.[1]

During the [Pliocene](/source/Pliocene), fissure eruptions formed the [trachytic](/source/Trachytic) Pérez Formation which crops out north of Chullkani. In the Wanq'u Jaqhi gorge *(Huancoaki)*, these deposits crop out 50–55 metres (160–180 ft). Andesitic lavas erupted 2.3±0.2 Ma are named [Wichhu Qullu](/source/Wichhu_Qullu_(Sajama)) lavas. Another effusive activity generated the Carbón Qullu lavas *(Carbon Kollu)* and finally the Pukara lava dome, whose collapse generated the Thuwas Ventilla pyroclastic flow.[1]

## References

1. Gabriela Vargas-Mattos, Mauro César Geraldes, Ramiro Matos Salinas, Reconstrucción geológica del volcán Chullcani (mioceno superior a plioceno superior): Consideraciónes generales sobre geoquímica y edad de las fases volcánicas, Andes Centrales de Bolivia, *[Revista Brasileira de Geociências](/source/Brazilian_Journal_of_Geology)*, 12/2006

1. ["Turco"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231150/http://www.ine.gob.bo/publicaciones/visorPdf.aspx?Codigo=040402&tipo=1). Archived from [the original](http://www.ine.gob.bo/publicaciones/visorPdf.aspx?Codigo=040402&tipo=1) on March 3, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2016.

1. Bolivian IGM map 1:50,000 Estancia Laguna Hoja 5839-III

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Chullcani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chullcani) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chullcani?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.