# Chiococca

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***Chiococca*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of [flowering plants](/source/Flowering_plant) in the [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Rubiaceae](/source/Rubiaceae).[1] It currently holds 23 [species](/source/Species) that are [native](/source/Indigenous_(ecology)) to [Florida](/source/Florida), [Texas](/source/Texas), [Mexico](/source/Mexico), [Central America](/source/Central_America), much of [South America](/source/South_America), the [West Indies](/source/West_Indies), and the islands of [Galápagos](/source/Gal%C3%A1pagos) and [Fernando de Noronha](/source/Fernando_de_Noronha).[2][3][4]

The [type species](/source/Type_species) for the genus is *[Chiococca alba](/source/Chiococca_alba)*.[5] It [ranges](/source/Range_(biology)) from Florida to [Paraguay](/source/Paraguay) and is [cultivated](/source/Gardening) as an [ornamental](/source/Ornamental_plant).[6]

## Systematics

*Chiococca* was [named](/source/Botanical_name) by [Patrick Browne](/source/Patrick_Browne_(physician)) in 1756.[1] The [generic name](/source/Genus#Generic_name) is [derived](/source/Etymology) from the [Greek](/source/Greek_language) words χιών (*chion*), meaning "snow" and κόκκος (*kokkos*), meaning "kernel" or "berry".[7]

*Chiococca* is a member of the [tribe](/source/Tribe_(biology)) [Chiococceae](/source/Chiococceae).[8] Within the tribe, it is closely [related](/source/Phylogenetic_tree) to *[Bikkia](/source/Bikkia)*.[9]

## Species

- *[Chiococca alba](/source/Chiococca_alba)* ([L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus)) [Hitchc.](/source/A._S._Hitchcock) – [Florida](/source/Florida), [Texas](/source/Texas), [Bermuda](/source/Bermuda), [Mexico](/source/Mexico), [Central America](/source/Central_America), much of [South America](/source/South_America), the [West Indies](/source/West_Indies), and the [Galápagos](/source/Gal%C3%A1pagos)
- *[Chiococca auyantepuiensis](/source/Chiococca_auyantepuiensis)* [Steyerm.](/source/Julian_Alfred_Steyermark) – [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela)
- *[Chiococca belizensis](/source/Chiococca_belizensis)* [Lundell](/source/Cyrus_Longworth_Lundell) – Southern [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Tabasco](/source/Tabasco), [Chiapas](/source/Chiapas), [Oaxaca](/source/Oaxaca), [Veracruz](/source/Veracruz)), [Central America](/source/Central_America), [Colombia](/source/Colombia)
- *[Chiococca caputensis](/source/Chiococca_caputensis)* Lorence & C.M.Taylor – [Panama](/source/Panama)
- *[Chiococca coriacea](/source/Chiococca_coriacea)* M.Martens & Galeotti – [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Tamaulipas](/source/Tamaulipas), [Veracruz](/source/Veracruz), [Quintana Roo](/source/Quintana_Roo))
- *[Chiococca cubensis](/source/Chiococca_cubensis)* [Urb.](/source/Ignatz_Urban) – [Cuba](/source/Cuba)
- *[Chiococca filipes](/source/Chiococca_filipes)* [Lundell](/source/Cyrus_Longworth_Lundell) – [Central America](/source/Central_America), [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Chiapas](/source/Chiapas))
- *[Chiococca henricksonii](/source/Chiococca_henricksonii)* M.C.Johnst. – [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Coahuila](/source/Coahuila))
- *[Chiococca insularis](/source/Chiococca_insularis)* (Ridley) C.M.Taylor & M.R.V. Barbosa – [Fernando de Noronha](/source/Fernando_de_Noronha), [Brazil](/source/Brazil)[4]
- *[Chiococca lucens](/source/Chiococca_lucens)* [Standl.](/source/Paul_Carpenter_Standley) & [Steyerm.](/source/Julian_Alfred_Steyermark) – [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela) ([Sororopán-tepui](/source/Sororop%C3%A1n-tepui))
- *[Chiococca motleyana](/source/Chiococca_motleyana)* [Borhidi](/source/Attila_Borhidi) – [Belize](/source/Belize), [Guatemala](/source/Guatemala), [Mexico](/source/Mexico)
- *[Chiococca multipedunculata](/source/Chiococca_multipedunculata)* [Steyerm.](/source/Julian_Alfred_Steyermark) – [Guyana](/source/Guyana)
- *[Chiococca naiguatensis](/source/Chiococca_naiguatensis)* [Steyerm.](/source/Julian_Alfred_Steyermark) – [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela)
- *[Chiococca nitida](/source/Chiococca_nitida)* [Benth.](/source/George_Bentham) - *Chiococca nitida*var*. amazonica* [Müll.Arg.](/source/Johannes_M%C3%BCller_Argoviensis) – [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela), [Guyana](/source/Guyana), [Brazil](/source/Brazil) - *Chiococca nitida*var*. chimantensis* [Steyerm.](/source/Julian_Alfred_Steyermark) – [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela) ([Bolívar](/source/Bol%C3%ADvar,_Venezuela)) - *Chiococca nitida*f*. cordata* (Cowan) [Steyerm.](/source/Julian_Alfred_Steyermark) – [Guyana](/source/Guyana) - *Chiococca nitida*var*. nitida* – [French Guiana](/source/French_Guiana), [Guyana](/source/Guyana), [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela), [Colombia](/source/Colombia), [Brazil](/source/Brazil), [Paraguay](/source/Paraguay)
- *[Chiococca oaxacana](/source/Chiococca_oaxacana)* [Standl.](/source/Paul_Carpenter_Standley) – [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Tamaulipas](/source/Tamaulipas), [Morelos](/source/Morelos), [Puebla](/source/Puebla), [Oaxaca](/source/Oaxaca))
- *[Chiococca pachyphylla](/source/Chiococca_pachyphylla)* Wernham – [Mexico](/source/Mexico) (from [Nuevo León](/source/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n) to [Chiapas](/source/Chiapas)), [Central America](/source/Central_America), [Colombia](/source/Colombia)
- *[Chiococca parvifolia](/source/Chiococca_parvifolia)* Wullschl. ex Griseb.
- *[Chiococca petrina](/source/Chiococca_petrina)* Wiggins – [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Sonora](/source/Sonora))
- *[Chiococca phaenostemon](/source/Chiococca_phaenostemon)* [Schltdl.](/source/Diederich_Franz_Leonhard_von_Schlechtendal) – Southern [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Chiapas](/source/Chiapas), [Oaxaca](/source/Oaxaca), [Veracruz](/source/Veracruz), [Guerrero](/source/Guerrero)), [Central America](/source/Central_America)
- *[Chiococca plowmanii](/source/Chiococca_plowmanii)* Delprete – [Brazil](/source/Brazil) ([Bahia](/source/Bahia))
- *[Chiococca rubriflora](/source/Chiococca_rubriflora)* [Lundell](/source/Cyrus_Longworth_Lundell) – [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Chiapas](/source/Chiapas)), [Guatemala](/source/Guatemala)
- *[Chiococca semipilosa](/source/Chiococca_semipilosa)* [Standl.](/source/Paul_Carpenter_Standley) & [Steyerm.](/source/Julian_Alfred_Steyermark) – [Mexico](/source/Mexico), [Guatemala](/source/Guatemala), [Honduras](/source/Honduras), [El Salvador](/source/El_Salvador), [Nicaragua](/source/Nicaragua))
- *[Chiococca sessilifolia](/source/Chiococca_sessilifolia)* Miranda – [Mexico](/source/Mexico) ([Veracruz](/source/Veracruz), [Chiapas](/source/Chiapas))
- *[Chiococca steyermarkii](/source/Chiococca_steyermarkii)* [Standl.](/source/Paul_Carpenter_Standley) – [Guatemala](/source/Guatemala)
- *[Chiococca stricta](/source/Chiococca_stricta)* Correll – [Bahamas](/source/Bahamas)

## References

1. [Browne, Patrick. 1756. Civil and Natural History of Jamaica in Three Parts 164, *Chiococca*](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11267685#page/179/mode/1up)

1. Mabberley DJ (2008). *Mabberley's Plant Book*. 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4.

1. [Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, *Chiococca*](http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=39066)

1. Figueira, Maurício; Schindler, Bianca; Jardim, Jomar G.; Barbosa, Maria Regina de V. (2020-10-30). ["Rediscovery of *Chiococca insularis* (Ridley) C.M.Taylor & M.R.V. Barbosa (Rubiaceae), a species presumed extinct, on the island of Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brazil"](https://checklist.pensoft.net/article/56383/). *Check List*. **16** (5): 1407–1413. [doi:10.15560/16.5.1407](https://doi.org/10.15560/16.5.1407). [ISSN 1809-127X](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1809-127X)

1. *Chiococca* In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: [Regnum Vegetabile](/source/Regnum_Vegetabile) (see *External links* below).

1. Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. *The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening.* The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-333-47494-5 (set)

1. Quattrocchi U (2000). *CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names*. Vol. 1. Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.

1. ["Genus *Chiococca*"](https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/25066). *Taxonomy*. UniProt. Retrieved 2009-12-11.

1. Manns U, Bremer B (2010). ["Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110927023612/http://www.bergianska.se/pub/publikationer/Manns/Manns_Bremer_2010.pdf). *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **56** (1): 21–39. [doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002). [PMID 20382247](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20382247). Archived from [the original](http://www.bergianska.se/pub/publikationer/Manns/Manns_Bremer_2010.pdf) on 2011-09-27.

## External links

- [CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: A-C](http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9780849326752) At: [Botany & Plant Science](http://www.crcpress.com/ecommerce_product/browse_book_categories.jsf?category=LIF02A) At: [Life Science](http://www.crcpress.com/ecommerce_product/browse_book_categories.jsf?category=LIF) At: [CRC Press](http://www.crcpress.com/)
- [*Chiococca*](http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Chiococca&page=quickSearch) At: [Search Page](http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/prepareChecklist.do?checklist=rubiaceae%40%40025250120110104024) At: [World Checklist of Rubiaceae](https://web.archive.org/web/20110101130437/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/WorldRubiChecklist.html) At: [Index by Team](https://web.archive.org/web/20110628230523/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/indexbyteam.html#Rubi) At: [Projects](https://web.archive.org/web/20101231134226/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/projects/index.html) At: [Science Directory](https://web.archive.org/web/20110228134853/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/) At: [Scientific Research and Data](http://www.kew.org/science-research-data/index.htm) At: [Kew Gardens](http://www.kew.org)
- [*Chiococca*](http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Chiococca) At: [Index Nominum Genericorum](http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/) At: [References](http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm?references) At: [NMNH Department of Botany](http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm) At: [Research and Collections](http://www.mnh.si.edu/rc/) At: [Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History](http://www.mnh.si.edu/)
- [*Chiococca*](http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=F4510A8E9F070F36E114280EE307EECA?find_family=&find_genus=Chiococca+&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch) At: [Plant Names](http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do) At: [IPNI](http://www.ipni.org/)
- [*Chiococca*](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11267685) In: [*The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica*](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11267509) At: [Record for Civ. Nat. Hist. Jam.](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/10826) At: [Titles](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/browse/titles/C) At: [Biodiversity Heritage Library](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/Default.aspx)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Chiococca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiococca) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiococca?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.