# Chiloglottis > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Chiloglottis > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Chiloglottis.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiloglottis > Source revision: 1233253672 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Genus of orchids Wasp orchids Chiloglottis reflexa the short-clubbed wasp orchid Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Embryophytes Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Spermatophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Orchidaceae Subfamily: Orchidoideae Tribe: Diurideae Subtribe: Drakaeinae Genus: Chiloglottis R.Br., 1810 Type species Chiloglottis diphylla R.Br. Synonyms[1] Simpliglottis Szlach. × Chilosimpliglottis Jeanes Myrmechila D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. ***Chiloglottis***, commonly known as **wasp orchids**, **ant orchids** or **bird orchids**,[2] is a [genus](/source/Genus) of about 25 species of [flowering plants](/source/Flowering_plant) in the orchid family, [Orchidaceae](/source/Orchidaceae) and is found in eastern [Australia](/source/Australia) and [New Zealand](/source/New_Zealand). Wasp orchids are [terrestrial](/source/Terrestrial_plant) [herbs](/source/Herbaceous_plant) which grow in colonies of genetically identical plants. They usually have two leaves at the base of the plant and a single [resupinate](/source/Resupination) ("upside-down") flower. The [labellum](/source/Labellum_(botany)) is more or less diamond-shaped and has [calli](/source/Labellum_(botany)) resembling the body of a wingless female wasp.[2][3] Labelled image of *[Chiloglottis formicifera](/source/Chiloglottis_formicifera)* ## Taxonomy and naming The genus *Chiloglottis* was first formally described in 1810 by [Robert Brown](/source/Robert_Brown_(botanist%2C_born_1773)). Brown described *[Chiloglottis diphylla](/source/Chiloglottis_diphylla)* at the same time, making it the [type species](/source/Type_species).[4][5] [David Jones](/source/David_L._Jones_(botanist)) has transferred some species, especially those commonly known as "bird orchids" (*Simpliglottis*) and "ant orchids" (*Myrmechila*) to other [genera](/source/Genus), but the change has not been widely accepted.[6] ## Distribution This genus of orchids is [native](/source/Indigenous_(ecology)) to [Australia](/source/Australia) and [New Zealand](/source/New_Zealand) (including [Chatham Island](/source/Chatham_Island) and the [Antipodes Islands](/source/Antipodes_Islands)).[1][2] ## Ecology The flowers of wasp, ant and bird orchids are pollinated by sexual deception ([pseudocopulation](/source/Pseudocopulation)) of [thynnine](/source/Thynnidae) [wasps](/source/Wasp), except for *[C. cornuta](/source/Chiloglottis_cornuta)* which is [self-pollinating](/source/Self-pollination). A key feature is that each species of orchid is pollinated by a different species of wasp.[7] Male wasps are attracted by wind-borne [pheromones](/source/Pheromone) released by glands on the [sepals](/source/Sepal) of the flowers. They usually land on the [labellum](/source/Labellum_(botany)), on another part of the plant or nearby and then walk or fly to the labellum. They crawl over the labellum, searching for the female wasp. They then attempt to lift and fly away with the dummy female but this action brings them into contact with the [column](/source/Column_(botany)). If the insect has [pollinia](/source/Pollinium) from another orchid on its back, the contained [pollen](/source/Pollen) will attach to the sticky [stigma](/source/Stigma_(botany)). Alternatively, if there are no pollinia on its back, the insect may move backward, receive a coat of glue from the flower's [rostellum](/source/Rostellum), then push open the [anther](/source/Stamen#Morphology_and_terminology) and removing any pollinia present, which adhere to the insect's [thorax](/source/Thorax_(insect_anatomy)).[2][7] ## List of species The following is a list of *Chiloglottis* species accepted by [Plants of the World Online](/source/Plants_of_the_World_Online) as at July 2024:[8] - *[Chiloglottis anaticeps](/source/Chiloglottis_anaticeps)* D.L.Jones (1991) - duck's-head wasp orchid, bird orchid (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis bifaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chiloglottis_bifaria&action=edit&redlink=1)* D.L.Jones (2018) (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis chlorantha](/source/Chiloglottis_chlorantha)* D.L.Jones (1991) - Wollongong bird orchid (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis cornuta](/source/Chiloglottis_cornuta)* Hook.f. (1844) - green bird orchid (N.S.W., Vic., S.A., Tas., N.Z.) - *[Chiloglottis curviclavia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chiloglottis_curviclavia&action=edit&redlink=1)* D.L.Jones (2018) (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis diphylla](/source/Chiloglottis_diphylla)* R.Br. (1810) - common wasp orchid (N.S.W., Qld.) - *[Chiloglottis formicifera](/source/Chiloglottis_formicifera)* Fitzg. (1877) - common ant orchid (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis grammata](/source/Chiloglottis_grammata)* G.W.Carr (1991) - small bird orchid (Tas.) - *[Chiloglottis gunnii](/source/Chiloglottis_gunnii)* Lindl. (1840) - tall bird orchid (Tas.) - *[Chiloglottis jeanesii](/source/Chiloglottis_jeanesii)* D.L.Jones (1997) - mountain bird orchid (Vic.) - *[Chiloglottis longiclavata](/source/Chiloglottis_longiclavata)* D.L.Jones (1991) - northern wasp orchid (Qld.) - *[Chiloglottis palachila](/source/Chiloglottis_palachila)* D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. (1991) - spade-lipped wasp orchid (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis × pescottiana](/source/Chiloglottis_%C3%97_pescottiana)* R.S.Rogers (1918) - bronze bird orchid (N.S.W., Vic.) - *[Chiloglottis platyptera](/source/Chiloglottis_platyptera)* D.L.Jones (1991) - winged ant orchid, Barrington Tops ant orchid (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis pluricallata](/source/Chiloglottis_pluricallata)* D.L.Jones (1991) - clustered bird orchid (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis reflexa](/source/Chiloglottis_reflexa)* (Labill.) Druce (1917) - short-clubbed wasp orchid (N.S.W., Vic.) - *[Chiloglottis seminuda](/source/Chiloglottis_seminuda)* D.L.Jones (1991) - turtle orchid (N.S.W., Vic.) - *[Chiloglottis sphaerula](/source/Chiloglottis_sphaerula)* D.L.Jones (2006) (N.S.W.) - *[Chiloglottis sphyrnoides](/source/Chiloglottis_sphyrnoides)* D.L.Jones (1991) - forest wasp orchid (N.S.W., Qld.) - *[Chiloglottis sylvestris](/source/Chiloglottis_sylvestris)* D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. (1987) - small wasp orchid (N.S.W., Qld.) - *[Chiloglottis trapeziformis](/source/Chiloglottis_trapeziformis)* Fitzg. (1877) - broad-lip bird orchid, diamond ant orchid, dainty bird-orchid (N.S.W., Qld., Vic., S.A., Tas.) - *[Chiloglottis triceratops](/source/Chiloglottis_triceratops)* D.L.Jones (1998) - three-horned bird orchid (Tas.) - *[Chiloglottis trilabra](/source/Chiloglottis_trilabra)* Fitzg. (1883) - long-clubbed wasp orchid (N.S.W., Vic.) - *[Chiloglottis trullata](/source/Chiloglottis_trullata)* D.L.Jones (1991) - triangular orchid (Qld.) - *[Chiloglottis truncata](/source/Chiloglottis_truncata)* D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. (1987) - small ant orchid (Qld.) - *[Chiloglottis turfosa](/source/Chiloglottis_turfosa)* D.L.Jones, (1991) - bog bird orchid (N.S.W., A.C.T.) - *[Chiloglottis valida](/source/Chiloglottis_valida)* D.L.Jones, (1991) - large bird orchid, common bird orchid (N.S.W., A.C.T.) ## References 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-karen_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-karen_1-1) [Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families](http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=38964) 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Jones_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Jones_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Jones_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Jones_2-3) Jones, David L. (2006). *A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories*. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 138. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1877069124](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1877069124). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-AOR_3-0)** Jones, David L. (1998). "Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology". *Australian Orchid Research*. **3**: 62. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-APNI_4-0)** ["*Chiloglottis*"](https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/471488). APNI. Retrieved 12 April 2018. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-R.Br._5-0)** Brown, Robert (1810). [*Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et insulae Van-Diemen, exhibens characteres plantarum quas annis 1802-1805*](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/21871#page/190/mode/1up). London. pp. 322–323. Retrieved 12 April 2018. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-RBGS_6-0)** ["*Chiloglottis*"](http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=gn&name=Chiloglottis). Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 12 April 2018. 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Bower_7-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Bower_7-1) Bower, Colin (2007). "The Wasp, Ant and Bird Orchids of the *Chiloglottis* Alliance". *The Orchadian*. **15** (9): 401–416. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-POWO_list_8-0)** ["*Chiloglottis*"](https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:29025-1#children). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 July 2024. ## External links - Media related to [*Chiloglottis*](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chiloglottis) at Wikimedia Commons Taxon identifiers Chiloglottis Wikidata: Q429883 Wikispecies: Chiloglottis APNI: 64756 BOLD: 412680 CoL: 8VW6T eFloraSA: Chiloglottis FoAO2: Chiloglottis GBIF: 2847218 GRIN: 2465 iNaturalist: 147193 IPNI: 29025-1 IRMNG: 1117576 NCBI: 78720 NZOR: 406f8d64-fa1d-47e5-9690-80a60fcbed8d Open Tree of Life: 340231 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:29025-1 Tropicos: 40006976 VicFlora: e19dc22a-b0f1-483b-9742-1878f5b4aef2 WFO: wfo-4000007880 Authority control databases: National Israel --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Chiloglottis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiloglottis) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiloglottis?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.