# Chiani

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River in Italy

Chiani Location Country Italy Physical characteristics Mouth Paglia • coordinates 42°43′41″N 12°07′45″E / 42.7280°N 12.1293°E / 42.7280; 12.1293 Basin features Progression Paglia→ ‹See Tfd›‹See Tfd› Tiber→ Tyrrhenian Sea

The **Chiani** ([Latin](/source/Latin_language): *Clanis* or *Glanis*, [Ancient Greek](/source/Ancient_Greek_language): Κλάνις[1] or Γλάνις[2]) is a river in the [Italian](/source/Italy) region of [Tuscany](/source/Tuscany).[3] It is 42 km long.[4] It begins in the [Apennines](/source/Apennine_Mountains) of [Arezzo](/source/Arezzo), runs through the valley of Chiusi, and discharges into [Paglia](/source/Paglia_(river)) near [Orvieto](/source/Orvieto). Historically, they often caused substantial flooding in the valley of Clusium (Chiusi), which was felt even up to Rome.[3] In the year 15 AD, it was suggested that it be part of the water in the Chiana Arnus (Arno). This project was abandoned because of opposition by the [Florentines](/source/Florence).[3] [Appian](/source/Appian) mentions that in 82 BC, a battle was fought between [Sulla](/source/Sulla) and [Gnaeus Papirius Carbo](/source/Gnaeus_Papirius_Carbo), on the banks of the river, near [Clusium](/source/Clusium), in which the former was victorious.[2][5]

In the Middle Ages, the entire valley between [Arezzo](/source/Arezzo) and Chiusi was an uninhabitable swamp, but towards the end of the 18th century, the engineer Conte Fossombroni addressed the issue, and moved the watershed by about 25 km further south, so that water from this valley now flows partly into the [Arno](/source/Arno) and partly into the Tiber.[3]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Strabo](/source/Strabo). *[Geographica](/source/Geographica)*. Vol. v. p.235. Page numbers refer to those of [Isaac Casaubon](/source/Isaac_Casaubon)'s edition.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Appian_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Appian_2-1) [Appian](/source/Appian), *B.C.*, 1.89

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-EB1911_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-EB1911_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-EB1911_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-EB1911_3-3) [Chisholm, Hugh](/source/Hugh_Chisholm), ed. (1911). ["Chiana"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chiana). *[Encyclopædia Britannica](/source/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition)*. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 117.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Agenzia regionale di protezione ambientale dell'Umbria, [Caratterizzazione dei bacini idrografici e dei corpi idrici superficiali](http://www.arpa.umbria.it/AU/documenti/acqua/Unit%C3%A0%20territoriali.pdf), Sottobacino Paglia Chiani, p. 15 of 22.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** [Smith, William](/source/William_Smith_(lexicographer)), ed. (1854–1857). "Clanis". *[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography](/source/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Geography)*. London: John Murray.

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