# Chestnut-collared longspur

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The **chestnut-collared longspur** (***Calcarius ornatus***) is a species of [bird](/source/Bird) in the family [Calcariidae](/source/Calcariidae). Like the other [longspurs](/source/Longspur), it is a small ground-feeding bird that primarily eats seeds. It breeds in [prairie](/source/Prairie) habitats in Canada and the northern United States and winters to the south in the United States and Mexico.

## Description

These birds have a short conical bill, a streaked back and a white tail with a dark tip. In breeding plumage, the male has black underparts, a chestnut nape, a yellow throat and a black crown. Other birds have light brown underparts, a dark crown, brown wings and may have some chestnut on the nape.

**Measurements**:

- **Length**: 5.1–6.5 in (13–16.5 cm)[1]
- **Weight**: 0.6–0.8 oz (17–23 g)[1]
- **Wingspan**: 25–27 cm[2]

## Distribution and status

This bird breeds in short and mixed grass [prairies](/source/Prairie) in central Canada and the north central United States. In winter, they [migrate](/source/Bird_migration) in flocks to prairies and open fields in the southern United States and Mexico. Like other prairie birds, they have disappeared from some areas because of habitat loss but are still fairly common.

[Controlled burns](/source/Controlled_burn) may benefit this species as they feed on low-growing plants that are more easily spotted after a fire.[3]

## Behavior

These birds forage on the ground, gathering in flocks in winter. They mainly eat seeds, also eating insects in summer. Young birds are mainly fed insects.

The female lays 4 or 5 eggs in a grass cup nest in a shallow scrape on the ground. The male sings and flies up to defend his territory. Both parents feed the young birds.[4]

The call is a two-syllabled *chee dee*.

## References

1. ["Chestnut-collared Longspur Identification"](https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Chestnut-collared_Longspur/id). *All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology*. Retrieved 2020-09-29.

1. Manion, Lani. ["Calcarius ornatus (chestnut-collared longspur)"](https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Calcarius_ornatus/). *Animal Diversity Web*. Retrieved 2020-09-29.

1. *Prairies to Pines: News from Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota*. (Fall 2010 Update). The Nature Conservancy.

1. Hill, D. P., and L. K. Gould. 1997. *Chesnut-collared Longspur (Calcarius ornatus)*. In *The Birds of North America*, No. 288 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.

## External links

- [Chestnut-collared longspur species account](https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Chestnut-collared_Longspur) – Cornell Lab of Ornithology
- [Chestnut-collared longspur videos](https://web.archive.org/web/20071010051259/http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/especie.phtml?idEspecie=9624) on the Internet Bird Collection
- [Chestnut-collared longspur photo gallery](http://vireo.acnatsci.org/search.html?Form=Search&SEARCHBY=Common&KEYWORDS=chestnut-collared+longspur&showwhat=images&AGE=All&SEX=All&ACT=All&Search=Search&VIEW=All&ORIENTATION=All&RESULTS=24) VIREO

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Chestnut-collared longspur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut-collared_longspur) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut-collared_longspur?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.