# Charley Bates

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Character from Charles Dickens Oliver Twist

Fictional character

Charley Bates Charley (centre) and the Dodger steal Mr Brownlow's handkerchief at the bookstall. Illustration by George Cruikshank. Created by Charles Dickens In-universe information Gender Male Occupation Criminal (formerly) Farmhand (ending)

**Charles "Charley" Bates** is a supporting character in the [Charles Dickens](/source/Charles_Dickens)'s 1838 novel *[Oliver Twist](/source/Oliver_Twist)*. He is a young boy and a member of [Fagin](/source/Fagin)'s gang of pickpockets. Bates acts as the best [friend](/source/Friend) to the [Artful Dodger](/source/Artful_Dodger), whose skills he admires unreservedly. [Bill Sikes](/source/Bill_Sikes)'s murder of [Nancy](/source/Nancy_(Oliver_Twist)) shocks him so much that at the end of the novel he leaves London to become an agricultural labourer.

## In the novel

Charley, along with the Artful Dodger, steals [Mr Brownlow](/source/Mr_Brownlow)'s handkerchief, a [crime](/source/Crime) that Oliver is blamed for. Later in the novel, Bates delivers the bad news to Fagin that when the Artful Dodger was arrested for stealing a silver snuff box, he was positively identified by the owner, such that it is a sure bet he will be convicted in court. Charley believes that it is too bad he did not go out in a blaze of glory by stealing something of great value instead of a "common twopenny-halfpenny" snuffbox. Fagin tells him that the Dodger's glory will be in the memory of his comrades: "wasn't he always top-sawyer among you all?". But Charley is distressed that the Dodger's greatness will not be preserved for posterity in the official record,

"'cause it can't come out in the 'dictment; 'cause nobody will ever know half of what he was. How will he stand in the Newgate Calendar? P'raps not be there at all. Oh, my eye, my eye, wot a blow it is!'"[1]

At the end of the novel, Charley is horrified by [Bill Sikes](/source/Bill_Sikes)'s violent murder of Nancy. When Sikes approaches him, he starts yelling, revealing Sikes's location to the mob that wants to lynch him. He is the only member of Fagin's gang to reform. In the final chapter Dickens states that Charley left London to work as a farm hand, later becoming a cattle rancher: "Master Charles Bates, appalled by Sikes's crime, fell into a train of reflection whether an honest life was not, after all, the best. Arriving at the conclusion that it certainly was, he turned his back upon the scenes of the past, resolved to amend it in some new sphere of action. He struggled hard and suffered much, for some time; but, having a contented disposition, and a good purpose, succeeded in the end; and, from being a farmer's drudge, and a carrier's lad, he is now the merriest young grazier in all Northamptonshire."[2]

## Media

illustration captioned: "Master Bates explains a professional technicality"

The character of Charley Bates has a much smaller role in the musical *[Oliver!](/source/Oliver!)*, and is eliminated entirely from some other adaptations, including the 1997 adaptation and the 2007 miniseries. One adaptation in which his role is almost as significant as in the novel is [Roman Polanski](/source/Roman_Polanski)'s 2005 adaptation. His role is also fairly prominent in the 1948 [David Lean](/source/David_Lean) film.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] Tito the chihuahua in Disney's 1988 animated film *[Oliver and Company](/source/Oliver_and_Company)* is entirely based on Charley.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] In the children's television prequel *[Dodger](/source/Dodger_(TV_series))*, Charley (Aabay Ali) is a girl who follows Dodger to London from the north of England and joins Fagin's gang with him.

## Critical commentary

Charley is regularly referred to as "Master Bates". Whether this is an intentional pun on "masturbates" is disputed. The word existed at the time, derived from the Latin verb *masturbari*, but it was relatively obscure, and it is not recorded as a verb until 1857, 19 years after the novel was published. Edward Le Comte considered it to be a [Freudian slip](/source/Freudian_slip).[3] [John Sutherland](/source/John_Sutherland_(author)) considered it to be too puerile, a "schoolboy joke", to be intentional, since Dickens's use of names is generally much more sophisticated.[4]

Like Nancy, Charley represents the idea that redemption is possible for even the most degraded characters. [Lord Acton](/source/Lord_Acton) considered the portrayal of Charley and Nancy to indicate that *Oliver Twist* was a much more profound work than Dickens's earlier novel *[The Pickwick Papers](/source/The_Pickwick_Papers)*. He wrote that "Nancy's refusal to be delivered from Sikes after her love for the child had brought her a chance of redemption and Charley Bates turning against the murderer are surely in a higher style than anything in Pickwick".[5] It was Dickens's friend [John Forster](/source/John_Forster_(biographer)) who persuaded him to show Charley finally escaping a life of crime.[6]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Dickens, C., *Oliver Twist*, Chapter XLIII.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Dickens, C., *Oliver Twist*, Chapter LIII.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Edward Le Comte, afterword, *Oliver Twist*, by Charles Dickens, New York: Signet, 1961, p.483

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** John Sutherland, *The Literary Detective:100 Puzzles in Classic Fiction*, Publisher: Oxford University Press, 2000, p.611.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** *The Correspondence of Lord Acton and Richard Simpson*, Volume 2, CUP Archive, 1973, p.218.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Davis, James A., *John Forster, a Literary Life*, Rowman & Littlefield, 1983, p.169.

v t e Charles Dickens's Oliver Twist Characters Oliver Twist Bill Sikes Fagin Mr Brownlow Nancy Rose Maylie Monks The Artful Dodger Charley Bates Mr Sowerberry Mr. Bumble Film adaptations 1909 1912 (American) 1912 (British) 1916 1922 1933 1948 Oliver! (1968) 1974 Las Aventuras de Oliver Twist (1987) 2005 Film retellings Manik (1961) Chitti Tammudu (1962) Oliver & Company (1988) Twisted (1996) Twist (2003) Boy Called Twist (2004) Twist (2021) TV adaptations 1962 TV serial 1982 American–British TV film 1982 Australian TV film 1985 TV serial Saban's Adventures of Oliver Twist (1996 TV series) 1997 TV film 1999 TV series 2007 TV series Stage adaptations Oliver Twist (1905) Oliver! (1960) Songs "As Long as He Needs Me" "Consider Yourself" "Food, Glorious Food" "I'd Do Anything" "Oliver!" "Oom-Pah-Pah" "Where Is Love?" "You've Got to Pick a Pocket or Two" "Be Back Soon" "Reviewing the Situation" Related Oliver! (1962 original Broadway cast recording) Oliver! (soundtrack to the 1968 film) Oliver & Company (soundtrack to Oliver & Company) Escape of the Artful Dodger (2001 TV series retelling) Fagin the Jew (2003 graphic novel) Oliver and the Artful Dodger (1972 TV film) I'd Do Anything (2008 TV series) Dodger (2022 TV series) The Artful Dodger (2023 TV series)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Charley Bates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charley_Bates) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charley_Bates?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.