# Chamade

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{{Short description|Form of signal formerly used by military}}
{{about||the French novel by Françoise Sagan|La chamade|the car|Renault 19|the organ stop|En chamade|the perfume|Guerlain}}

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In [war](/source/war), a '''chamade''' was a certain beat of a drum, or sound of a trumpet, which was addressed to the enemy as a kind of signal, to inform them of some proposition to be made to the commander; either to capitulate, to have leave to bury their dead, make a truce, etc. [Gilles Ménage](/source/Gilles_M%C3%A9nage) derives the word from the Italian {{lang|it|chiamate}}, from Latin {{lang|la|clamare}}, to call.

[Marin Mersenne](/source/Marin_Mersenne) recorded both a chamade drum pattern,<ref>{{cite book | first=Leendert | last=van der Miesen | chapter=Conclusion | title=Marin Mersenne and the Study of Harmony | publisher=Amsterdam University Press | year=2025 | isbn=978-90-485-6414-9 | doi=10.2307/jj.26844242 | chapter-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.26844242.12 | pages=309–310 }}</ref> and a chamade [cavalry](/source/cavalry) [trumpet](/source/trumpet) [signal](/source/Signal_instrument) in his annotated copy of the {{lang|fr|Harmonie universelle}}.<ref>{{cite book | first=John H. | last=Long | title=Shakespeare's Use of Music: The Histories and Tragedies | publisher=University of Florida Press | publication-place=Gainesville | year=1971 | isbn=0-8130-0311-3 | pages=6, 271 | url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_W9-BGH-628/page/271 }}</ref>

The word was taken from French into German from the late seventeenth century in the military phrase {{lang|de|die Chamade schlagen}}, meaning 'to surrender', and became a {{lang|de|geflügeltes Wort}} in the late nineteenth century.<ref>{{cite book | first=Richard James | last=Brunt | section=Chamade | title=The Influence of the French Language on the German Vocabulary (1649–1735) | series=Studia linguistica Germanica | publisher=Walter De Gruyter | publication-place=Berlin and New York | year=1983 | isbn=3-11-008408-2 | url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Influence_of_the_French_Language_on/b7PnBQAAQBAJ | page=187 }}</ref>

==See also==
* [White flag](/source/White_flag)

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Cyclopaedia 1728|title=Chamade|page=189|url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/HistSciTech/HistSciTech-idx?type=turn&entity=HistSciTech.Cyclopaedia01.p0343&id=HistSciTech.Cyclopaedia01&isize=M|ref=none}}

== External links ==
* [https://imslp.org/wiki/Special:ReverseLookup/853453 Mersenne's drum chamade] on [IMSLP](/source/IMSLP)

Category:Law of war
Category:Military diplomacy
Category:Military music history

{{mil-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Chamade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamade) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamade?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.