# Challacolloite

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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challacolloite
> Source revision: 1267333637
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{{Short description|Chloride mineral}}
{{Infobox mineral
| name              = Challacolloite
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| image             = Challacolloite.jpg
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| caption           = Honey yellow Challacolloite crystals from the famous locality of La Fossa Crater (Vulcano Island, [Aeolian Islands, Sicily](/source/Aeolian_Islands%2C_Sicily), Italy)
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| formula           = {{chem2|KPb2Cl5}}
| IMAsymbol   = Chc<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3|pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W|s2cid=235729616|doi-access=free}}</ref>  
| molweight         = 630.83 gm
| strunz            = 3.AA.55 (10th)
| dana              = 11.4.2.1
| system            = Monoclinic
| class             = 2/m - Prismatic
| symmetry          = 
| unit cell         = 878.2 ų
| colour            = Colourless to white
| habit             = Aggregate
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| fracture          = Brittle, subconchoidal fragments
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| mohs              = 2-3
| luster            = Adamantine/Greasy
| streak            = White
| diaphaneity       = 
| gravity           = 4.77 (Calculated)
| density           = 4.77 g/cm3 (Calculated)
| polish            = 
| opticalprop       = Biaxial (+), a=2.004, b=2.01, g=2.024, bire=0.0200
| refractive        = nα = 2.004 nβ = 2.010 nγ = 2.024
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| pleochroism       = 
| 2V                = 67° (calculated)
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}}
'''Challacolloite''', KPb<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>5</sub>, is a rare halide [mineral](/source/mineral). It crystallizes in the [monoclinic](/source/monoclinic) system (with space group ''P2<sub>1</sub>/c''<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mitolo |first1=D. |last2=Pinto |first2=D. |last3=Garavelli |first3=A. |last4=Bindi |first4=L. |last5=Vurro |first5=F. |title=The role of the minor substitutions in the crystal structure of natural challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, and hephaistosite, TlPb2Cl5, from Vulcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy) |journal=Mineralogy and Petrology |date=May 2009 |volume=96 |issue=1–2 |pages=121–128 |doi=10.1007/s00710-008-0041-2|bibcode=2009MinPe..96..121M |s2cid=128797167 }}</ref>) and occurs as white [fumarolic](/source/Fumarole) encrustations on [lava](/source/lava). It occurs as intergrowths with [cotunnite](/source/cotunnite).<ref name=Webmin>[http://webmineral.com/data/Challacolloite.shtml Webmineral]</ref>

It was first described from a finding at the Challacollo Mine, [Iquique, Chile](/source/Iquique%2C_Chile) and thereafter identified in specimens from the 1855 [Mount Vesuvius](/source/Mount_Vesuvius) eruption and from the [Kudryavyi](/source/Medvezhya) [volcano](/source/volcano) in the [Kuriles](/source/Kuriles) and also from the [Satsuma-Iwojima](/source/I%C5%8Djima_(Kagoshima)) volcano in Japan.<ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/min-27422.html Mindat with location data]</ref> It was recognized as a valid mineral species by the IMA ([International Mineralogical Association](/source/International_Mineralogical_Association)) in 2005.<ref name=Mindat/>

Artificially grown KPb<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>5</sub> crystals are used for [laser](/source/laser)s.<ref>Jochen Schlüter, Dieter Pohl  and Sergey Britvin; ''The new mineral challacolloite, KPb2Cl5, the natural occurrence of a technically known laser material,'' N. Jb. Miner. Abh., 2005, Vol.182/1, p. 95–101 [http://www.schweizerbart.de/resources/downloads/paper_previews/57464.pdf pdf]</ref>

== External links ==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Potassium minerals
Category:Lead minerals
Category:Chloride minerals
Category:Monoclinic minerals
Category:Minerals in space group 14
Category:Minerals described in 1855

{{halide-mineral-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Challacolloite](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challacolloite) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challacolloite?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.